关键词： 1CTP, cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen BALP, bone specific alkaline phosphatase BC, breast cancer BM, bone metastases BMDC, bone marrow derived cells BMPs, bone morphogenetic proteins BSP, bone sialoprotein BTA, bone-targeting agents BTM, bone turnover markers Biomarkers Bone metastasis Bone turnover markers Breast cancer CAPG, macrophage-capping protein CCL2, chemokine C-C ligand 2 CTC, circulating tumour cells CXCL, C–X–C motif chemokine ligand CXCR, C–X–C motif chemokine receptor CaSR, calcium sensing receptor DPD, deoxypyridinoline DTC, disseminated tumour cells EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition ER, estrogen receptor FGF, fibroblast growth factor GIPC1, PDZ domain–containing protein member 1 HR, hormone receptor Her2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 IGF, insulin-like growth factor IL, interleukin IL-1R, IL-1 receptor LC, lung cancer Lung cancer M-CSF, macrophage colony stimulating factor MAF, v-maf avian musculo-aponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog NSCLC, non-small cell LC NTX and CTX, N- and C- telopeptides of type 1 collagen OPG, osteoprotegerin P1NP and P1CP, N and C terminal pro-peptides of type 1 collagen PC, prostate cancer PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor PDGFRα, PDGF receptor α PSA, prostate specific antigen PTH, parathyroid hormone PTH-rP, PTH related protein PYD, pyridinoline PlGF, placental growth factor Prostate cancer RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor kB RANK-L, RANK-ligand SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1 SREs, skeletal related events TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β TNF, tumour necrosis factor TRACP-5b, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b TRAF3, TNF receptor associated factor 3 VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor ZNF217, zinc-finger protein 217 miRNA, micro RNA sBALP, serum BALP shRNA, short hairpin RNA uNTX, urinary NTX β-CTX, CTX β isomer

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.jbo.2017.09.001   PDF(Sci-hub)   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract：
Bone represents a common site of metastasis from several solid tumours, including breast, prostate and lung malignancies. The onset of bone metastases (BM) is associated not only with serious skeletal complications, but also shortened overall survival, owing to the lack of curative treatment options for late-stage cancer. Despite the diagnostic advances, BM detection often occurs in the symptomatic stage, underlining the need for novel strategies aimed at the early identification of high-risk patients. To this purpose, both bone turnover and tumour-derived markers are being investigated for their potential diagnostic, prognostic and predictive roles. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of BM in breast, prostate and lung tumours, while exploring the current research focused on the identification and clinical validation of BM biomarkers.
摘要：
骨代表了几种实体瘤转移的常见部位，包括乳房,前列腺和肺部恶性肿瘤。骨转移（BM）的发生不仅与严重的骨骼并发症有关，但也缩短了总生存期，由于缺乏治疗晚期癌症的治疗选择。尽管诊断技术取得了进步，BM检测通常发生在症状阶段，强调需要针对早期识别高危患者的新策略。为此,正在研究骨转换和肿瘤来源的标志物的潜在诊断，预后和预测作用。在这次审查中,我们总结了乳腺BM的发病机制，前列腺和肺肿瘤，而目前的研究主要集中在BM生物标志物的鉴定和临床验证上。
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