背景:母亲抑郁可能对儿童的行为和心理健康产生负面影响。儿童食物过敏是一个常见的健康问题,然而,它与母亲抑郁症的关系仍未完全理解。本研究旨在通过横断面和队列研究分析儿童食物过敏症状与产妇抑郁之间的关系。
方法:本研究选取2015年4月至2022年4月在赣州市妇幼保健院符合纳入标准的580名食物过敏儿童及其母亲,根据指南对儿童食物过敏症状水平进行评估。使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估母亲的抑郁症状,并分析儿童食物过敏症状严重程度与产妇抑郁风险的关系;同时,对没有抑郁症的母亲进行为期一年的随访,以测量抑郁症的发生率,以进一步探讨这种关系。
结果:横断面研究中的580名食物过敏儿童包括365名(62.93%)男性和215名(37.07%)女性,年龄(8.98±2.30)岁,298人(51.37%)经历Ⅰ级,达到Ⅱ级的282人(48.63%)。共有56位(9.66%)母亲患有抑郁症,年龄(42.74±5.42)岁。调整混杂因素,包括母亲的年龄,教育水平,婚姻状况,家庭收入,合并症,过敏史,家族食物过敏史,精神病史,目前的吸烟状况,目前的酒精消费,当前的常规锻炼状态,儿童食物过敏原和食物过敏分类,儿童食物过敏症状Ⅱ级的母亲与儿童食物过敏症状Ⅰ级的母亲相比,患抑郁症的风险更高,比值比(OR)=2.025(95%置信区间(CI):1.319-3.128,p=0.001)。在为期一年的队列研究中,38名(7.25%)母亲有新发抑郁症状。儿童食物过敏症状为Ⅱ级的母亲与儿童食物过敏症状为Ⅰ级的母亲相比,抑郁症状的OR=2.165(95%CI:1.612-2.902,p<0.001)。
结论:在食物过敏症状评分为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级的儿童中,在母亲中,较高的抑郁水平与较高的抑郁患病率相关.
BACKGROUND: Maternal depression may have negative impacts on children\'s behavior and mental health. Childhood food allergy is a common health issue, yet its relationship with maternal depression remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to analyze the association between children\'s food allergy symptoms and maternal depression through cross-sectional and cohort studies.
METHODS: This study selected a total of 580 children with food allergy and their mothers who met the inclusion criteria in Ganzhou Women and Children\'s Health Care Hospital from April 2015 to April 2022, evaluated the symptom levels of children\'s food allergy according to the guidelines, assessed the depressive symptoms of mothers using self-rating depression scale (SDS), and analyzed the relationship between the symptom severity of children\'s food allergy and the risk of maternal depression; at the same time, one-year follow-up of mothers without depression was carried out to measure the incidence of depression to further explore this relationship.
RESULTS: The 580 children with food allergies in the cross-sectional study consisted of 365 (62.93%) males and 215 (37.07%) females, aged (8.98 ± 2.30) years, with 298 (51.37%) experiencing Level-Ⅰ, and 282 (48.63%) experiencing Level-Ⅱ. A total of 56 (9.66%) mothers suffered from depression, aged (42.74 ± 5.42) years. Adjusting for confounders including mother\'s age, education level, marital status, family income, comorbidities, history of allergies, family history of food allergies, history of psychiatric disorders, current smoking status, current alcohol consumption, current regular exercise status, childhood food allergens and food allergy categorization, the mothers of children with child food allergy symptom Level-Ⅱ were found to have a higher risk of depression compared with mothers with child food allergy symptom Level-Ⅰ, odds ratio (OR) = 2.025 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.319-3.128, p = 0.001). In the one-year cohort study, 38 (7.25%) mothers had new-onset depressive symptoms. Mothers of children with a child food allergy symptom Level-Ⅱ had an OR = 2.165 (95% CI: 1.612-2.902, p < 0.001) for depressive symptoms compared to mothers with a child food allergy symptom Level-Ⅰ.
CONCLUSIONS: Among children with food allergy symptom scores of Level-Ⅰ and Level-Ⅱ, higher levels were associated with a higher prevalence of depression in their mothers.