食用富含蛋白质的食物比其他富含大量营养素的食物更能刺激饱腹感;然而,潜在的作用机制没有得到很好的表征。这项研究的目的是确定餐后氨基酸(AA)反应对饱腹感的直接和间接影响。17名妇女(平均值±SEM,年龄:33±1岁;BMI:27.8±0.1kg/m2)消耗了桉树,含两份瘦牛肉/天的植物性饮食(即,7.5盎司(207克))7天。在第6天,参与者完成了12小时的控制喂养,临床测试日,包括重复饱腹感问卷和血液采样,以评估餐前和餐后血浆AA,PYY,和GLP-1。完成了回归和中介分析,以评估AA预测因子和激素介质。总血浆AA解释了感知的每日饱腹度差异的41.1%(p<0.001),PYY为61.0%(p<0.001),GLP-1浓度为66.1%(p<0.001),分别。几个个体AA显著预测了每日饱满度的波动,PYY,和GLP-1。在完成调解分析时,血浆亮氨酸对每日饱腹度的影响完全由循环PYY浓度介导(间接效应=B:0.09[启动95%CI:0.032,0.17]),因为未观察到亮氨酸饱腹度直接效应.没有确定其他调解员。尽管许多循环AA预测饱腹感,发现亮氨酸是通过改变中年妇女的PYY浓度来实现的。
The consumption of protein-rich foods stimulates
satiety more than other macronutrient-rich foods; however, the underlying mechanisms-of-action are not well-characterized. The objective of this study was to identify the direct and indirect effects of postprandial amino acid (AA) responses on
satiety. Seventeen women (mean ± SEM, age: 33 ± 1 year; BMI: 27.8 ± 0.1 kg/m2) consumed a eucaloric, plant-based diet containing two servings of lean beef/day (i.e., 7.5 oz (207 g)) for 7 days. During day 6, the participants completed a 12 h controlled-feeding, clinical testing day including repeated
satiety questionnaires and blood sampling to assess pre- and postprandial plasma AAs, PYY, and GLP-1. Regression and mediation analyses were completed to assess AA predictors and hormonal mediators. Total plasma AAs explained 41.1% of the variance in perceived daily fullness (p < 0.001), 61.0% in PYY (p < 0.001), and 66.1% in GLP-1 (p < 0.001) concentrations, respectively. Several individual AAs significantly predicted fluctuations in daily fullness, PYY, and GLP-1. In completing mediation analyses, the effect of plasma leucine on daily fullness was fully mediated by circulating PYY concentrations (indirect effect = B: 0.09 [Boot 95% CI: 0.032, 0.17]) as no leucine-fullness direct effect was observed. No other mediators were identified. Although a number of circulating AAs predict
satiety, leucine was found to do so through changes in PYY concentrations in middle-aged women.