非传染性疾病是全球卫生挑战,构成21世纪死亡和疾病负担的主要原因。解决非传染性疾病的预防和管理问题对于改善全球公共卫生至关重要,强调需要全面战略,早期干预,和创新的治疗方法,以减轻其深远的后果。海洋生物,主要是藻类,生产多样化的海洋天然产品,具有显著的治疗潜力。利用藻类尚未开发的潜力,可以彻底改变药物开发,并有助于防治非传染性疾病,标志着朝着自然和有针对性的治疗方法迈出了关键的一步。这篇综述探讨了生物活性提取物,化合物,以及源自大型和微藻的商业产品,探索它们对氧化应激的保护特性,炎症,心血管,胃肠,代谢性疾病,和体外癌症,基于细胞,在体内,和临床研究。大多数研究集中在大型藻类上,展示抗氧化剂,抗炎,心脏保护,肠道健康调制,代谢健康促进,和抗癌作用。微藻产品还表现出抗炎,心脏保护,和抗癌特性。虽然研究主要研究提取物和馏分,还探索了从藻类中分离的化合物。值得注意的是,多糖,次氯宁,类胡萝卜素,萜烯作为突出的化合物出现,合计占所研究化合物的42.4%。
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a global health challenge, constituting a major cause of mortality and disease burden in the 21st century. Addressing the prevention and management of NCDs is crucial for improving global public health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies, early interventions, and innovative therapeutic approaches to mitigate their far-reaching consequences. Marine organisms, mainly algae, produce diverse marine natural products with significant therapeutic potential. Harnessing the largely untapped potential of algae could revolutionize drug development and contribute to combating NCDs, marking a crucial step toward natural and targeted therapeutic approaches. This review examines bioactive extracts, compounds, and commercial products derived from macro- and microalgae, exploring their protective properties against oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic diseases, and cancer across in vitro, cell-based, in vivo, and clinical studies. Most research focuses on macroalgae, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, gut health modulation, metabolic health promotion, and anti-cancer effects. Microalgae products also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Although studies mainly investigated extracts and fractions, isolated compounds from algae have also been explored. Notably, polysaccharides, phlorotannins, carotenoids, and terpenes emerge as prominent compounds, collectively representing 42.4% of the investigated compounds.