Abstract：
Impairment in visual function is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the clinical setting, a phenomenon that translates to pre-clinical animal models as well. In Morris et al. (2021), we reported histological changes following weight-drop-induced TBI in a rodent model including retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, decreased electroretinogram (ERG) evoked potential, optic nerve diameter reduction, induced inflammation and gliosis, and loss of myelin accompanied by markedly impaired visual acuity. In this review, we will describe several pre-clinical TBI models that result in injuries to the visual system, indicating that visual function may be impaired following brain injury induced by a number of different injury modalities. This underscores the importance of understanding the role of the visual system and the potential detrimental sequelae to this sensory modality post-TBI. Given that most commonly employed behavioral tests such as the Elevated Plus Maze and Morris Water Maze rely on an intact visual system, interpretation of functional deficits in diffuse models may be confounded by off- target effects on the visual system.
摘要：
在临床上，外伤性脑损伤（TBI）后，视功能受损是常见的，这种现象也转化为临床前动物模型。我们实验室以前的工作已经报道了在啮齿动物模型中体重下降诱导的TBI后的组织学变化，包括视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）丢失，视网膜电图（ERG）诱发电位降低，视神经直径缩小，诱导炎症和神经胶质增生，并伴有视敏度明显受损。在这次审查中,我们将描述几种导致视觉系统损伤的临床前TBI模型，表明视觉功能可能在由多种不同损伤方式引起的脑损伤后受损。这强调了理解视觉系统的作用以及TBI后这种感觉方式的潜在有害后遗症的重要性。鉴于最常用的行为测试，如高架迷宫，莫里斯水迷宫，还有更多,依靠完整的视觉系统，弥散模型中功能缺陷的解释可能会被视觉系统的脱靶效应所混淆。
