UNASSIGNED: Ambulatory anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a promising method, but not common in Poland.
UNASSIGNED: That is why the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the experience of performing ACDF in patients with degenerative spinal diseases.
UNASSIGNED: This study at the Spine Centre involved a single-center, multi-surgeon evaluation of 100 patients undergoing ACDF.
UNASSIGNED: Outcomes assessed included pain severity, measured by the visual analogue scale, which improved from 4.28 ± 0.76 preoperatively to 1.11 ± 0.59 one month postoperatively. The Core Outcome Measures Index-neck (COMI-neck) scale also showed significant improvement: before surgery, 30% of patients scored their condition severity between 4-6, and 70% scored 7-10; 6 months postoperatively, the scores were 0-3 for 55% of patients, 4-6 for 45%, and 7-10 for none. Only 2% of patients experienced moderate, temporary complications, with no serious complications or postoperative hematomas observed.
UNASSIGNED: The study supports the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of performing ACDF in an ambulatory setting, suggesting that with appropriate patient selection and surgical protocols, ambulatory ACDF can be more broadly implemented.

The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis the effectiveness of microsurgical discectomy and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of disk herniation adjacent to the anomaly of the lumbosacral junction segment in elderly patients. The study included 80 elderly patients (over 60 years old), divided into two groups: the 1st-(n=39) who underwent microsurgical discectomy; the 2nd- patients (n=41) operated on using minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion and percutaneous transpedicular stabilization (MI-TLIF). For the comparative analysis, we used gender characteristics (gender, age), constitutional characteristics (BMI), degree of physical status according to ASA, intraoperative parameters of interventions and the specificity of postoperative patient management, clinical data, and the presence of complications. Long-term outcomes were assessed at a minimum follow-up of 3 years. As a result, it was found that the use of MI-TLIF allows achieving better long-term clinical outcomes, fewer major complications in comparison with the microsurgical discectomy technique in the treatment of disc herniation adjacent to the anomaly of the lumbosacral junction segment in elderly patients.
Цель исследования — сравнительный анализ эффективности использования микрохирургической дискэктомии и минимально инвазивного трансфораминального спондилодеза при лечении грыж межпозвонковых дисков смежного с аномалией пояснично-крестцового перехода уровня у пациентов старшей возрастной группы. В исследование были включены 80 пациентов пожилого возраста (старше 60 лет), выделено две группы: 1-я — пациенты (n=39), которым выполняли микрохирургическую дискэктомию; 2-я — пациенты (n=41), прооперированные с использованием минимально инвазивного трансфораминального межтелового спондилодеза, чрескожной транспедикулярной стабилизации (MI-TLIF). Для сравнительного анализа использовали гендерные характеристики (пол, возраст), конституциональные особенности (ИМТ), степень физического статуса по ASA, интраоперационные параметры вмешательств и специфичность послеоперационного ведения пациентов, клинические данные, наличие осложнений. Оценку отдаленных исходов проводили в минимальном катамнезе 3 лет. В результате установлено, что использование MI-TLIF позволяет достичь лучших отдаленных клинических исходов, меньшего числа серьезных осложнений в сравнении с методикой микрохирургической дискэктомии при лечении грыж межпозвонковых дисков смежного с аномалией пояснично-крестцового перехода уровня у пациентов старшей возрастной группы.

Previously, lysosomes were primarily referred to as the digestive organelles and recycling centers within cells. Recent discoveries have expanded the lysosomal functional scope and revealed their critical roles in nutrient sensing, epigenetic regulation, plasma membrane repair, lipid transport, ion homeostasis, and cellular stress response. Lysosomal dysfunction is also found to be associated with aging and several diseases. Therefore, function of macroautophagy, a lysosome-dependent intracellular degradation system, has been identified as one of the updated twelve hallmarks of aging. In this review, we begin by introducing the concept of lysosomal quality control (LQC), which is a cellular machinery that maintains the number, morphology, and function of lysosomes through different processes such as lysosomal biogenesis, reformation, fission, fusion, turnover, lysophagy, exocytosis, and membrane permeabilization and repair. Next, we summarize the results from studies reporting the association between LQC dysregulation and aging/various disorders. Subsequently, we explore the emerging therapeutic strategies that target distinct aspects of LQC for treating diseases and combatting aging. Lastly, we underscore the existing knowledge gap and propose potential avenues for future research.

Degenerative diseases, encompassing a wide range of conditions affecting various organ systems, pose significant challenges to global healthcare systems. This comprehensive review explores the intricate interplay between the vascular system and degenerative diseases, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and profound implications for disease progression and management. The pivotal role of the vascular system in maintaining tissue homeostasis is highlighted, as it serves as the conduit for oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to vital organs and tissues. Due to the vital role of the vascular system in maintaining homeostasis, its dysfunction, characterized by impaired blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular inflammation, emerges as a common denominator of degenerative diseases across multiple systems. In the nervous system, we explored the influence of vascular factors on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer\'s and Parkinson\'s, emphasizing the critical role of cerebral blood flow regulation and the blood-brain barrier. Within the kidney system, the intricate relationship between vascular health and chronic kidney disease is scrutinized, unraveling the mechanisms by which hypertension and other vascular factors contribute to renal dysfunction. Throughout this review, we emphasize the clinical significance of understanding vascular involvement in degenerative diseases and potential therapeutic interventions targeting vascular health, highlighting emerging treatments and prevention strategies. In conclusion, a profound appreciation of the role of the vascular system in degenerative diseases is essential for advancing our understanding of degenerative disease pathogenesis and developing innovative approaches for prevention and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive foundation for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers seeking to address the intricate relationship between vascular health and degenerative diseases in pursuit of improved patient outcomes and enhanced public health.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The early diagnosis of ALS can be challenging, as it usually depends on clinical examination and the exclusion of other possible causes. In this regard, the analysis of miRNA expression profiles in biofluids makes miRNAs promising non-invasive clinical biomarkers. Due to the increasing amount of scientific literature that often provides controversial results, this work aims to deepen the understanding of the current state of the art on this topic using a machine-learning-based approach. A systematic literature search was conducted to analyze a set of 308 scientific articles using the MySLR digital platform and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm. Two relevant topics were identified, and the articles clustered in each of them were analyzed and discussed in terms of biomolecular mechanisms, as well as in translational and clinical settings. Several miRNAs detected in the tissues and biofluids of ALS patients, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), have been linked to ALS diagnosis and progression. Some of them may represent promising non-invasive clinical biomarkers. In this context, future scientific priorities and goals have been proposed.

OBJECTIVE: The rotator cuff is a complex anatomical structure and the integrity is pivotal for the shoulder functionality. The pathologies are often multifactorial, resulting from degenerative, vascular, traumatic and mechanical factors.
UNASSIGNED: Radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) form the pillars of radiological diagnostics. Each modality has specific advantages and limitations in the visualization and assessment of pathologies of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon.
UNASSIGNED: The MR arthrography offers additional insights in unclear cases by enhancing the differentiation between complete and partial tears.
METHODS: The MRI provides detailed information on tendon quality and associated damages, such as muscle atrophy and fat infiltration, making it the preferred method. The use of MR arthrography can identify defects through increased intra-articular pressure or contrast medium leakage.
RESULTS: Muscle damage, as induced by edema in acute injuries or fatty degeneration in chronic conditions, can be evaluated using imaging techniques. Special attention is warranted for the infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor muscles due to their unique injury patterns and prevalences.
UNASSIGNED: KLINISCHES/METHODISCHES PROBLEM: Die Rotatorenmanschette ist eine komplexe anatomische Struktur, deren Integrität entscheidend für die Schulterfunktion ist. Pathologien sind oft multifaktoriell bedingt, hervorgerufen durch Degeneration, vaskuläre, traumatische und mechanische Faktoren.
UNASSIGNED: Röntgenaufnahmen, Sonographie, Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) sind die Säulen der radiologischen Diagnostik. Jede Modalität hat spezifische Vor- und Nachteile in der Darstellung und Beurteilung der Rotatorenmanschette und der Bizepssehne.
UNASSIGNED: Die MR-Arthrographie bietet bei unklaren Fällen zusätzliche Informationen, indem sie die Differenzierung zwischen vollständigen und partiellen Rissen verbessert. LEISTUNGSFäHIGKEIT: Die MRT liefert detaillierte Informationen zur Sehnenqualität und zu assoziierten Schäden, wie Muskelatrophie und Fettinfiltration, was sie zur bevorzugten Methode macht. Die MR-Arthrographie kann Defekte durch erhöhten Gelenkbinnendruck oder Kontrastmittelübertritt demaskieren.
UNASSIGNED: Muskelschäden, die sich in Form von Ödemen bei akuten Verletzungen oder als fettige Degeneration bei chronischen Schäden manifestieren, können mit bildgebenden Verfahren evaluiert werden. Spezielle Betrachtungen gelten für den M. infraspinatus, den M. subscapularis und den M. teres minor aufgrund ihrer spezifischen Verletzungsmuster und -prävalenzen.

Fresh ginseng is prone to spoilage due to its high moisture content. For long-term storage, most fresh ginsengs are dried to white ginseng (WG) or steamed for hours at high temperature/pressure and dried to form Korean Red ginseng (KRG). They are further processed for ginseng products when subjected to hot water extraction/concentration under pressure. These WG or KRG preparation processes affect ginsenoside compositions and also other ginseng components, probably during treatments like steaming and drying, to form diverse bioactive phospholipids. It is known that ginseng contains high amounts of gintonin lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs). LPAs are simple lipid-derived growth factors in animals and humans and act as exogenous ligands of six GTP-binding-protein coupled LPA receptor subtypes. LPAs play diverse roles ranging from brain development to hair growth in animals and humans. LPA-mediated signaling pathways involve various GTP-binding proteins to regulate downstream pathways like [Ca2+]i transient induction. Recent studies have shown that gintonin exhibits anti-Alzheimer\'s disease and anti-arthritis effects in vitro and in vivo mediated by gintonin LPAs, the active ingredients of gintonin, a ginseng-derived neurotrophin. However, little is known about how gintonin LPAs are formed in high amounts in ginseng compared to other herbs. This review introduces atypical or non-enzymatic pathways under the conversion of ginseng phospholipids into gintonin LPAs during steaming and extraction/concentration processes, which exert beneficial effects against degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer\'s disease and arthritis in animals and humans via LPA receptors.

UNASSIGNED: It is supposed that additional posterior fusion may provide additional stability of the pedicle screw; however, the clinical impact of additional posterior fusion in patients treated with TLIF remains uncertain. The objective of this study is to assess the clinical efficacy of circumferential fusion in patients treated with TLIF.
UNASSIGNED: This is a single-center retrospective evaluation of consecutive 179 patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis and instability of spinal segments. Patients with axial pain and neurogenic claudication or radiculopathy associated with spinal stenosis were enrolled during the period from 2012 to 2018. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with a single cage was used to treat patients. In 118 cases a supplementary posterior fusion was made. The duration of follow-up accounted for 24 months, logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors that influence the complication rate.
UNASSIGNED: The rate of pedicle screw loosening was growing with radiodensity getting decreased and was more frequent in patients with two level fusion. An increase in pedicle screw loosening rate correlated with anterior nonunion Tan 2 and 3 grade while both posterior complete and incomplete fusion resulted in a decline in the complication rate. Lumbosacral fusion, bilateral facet joints` resection and laminectomy turned out to be insignificant factors. The overall goodness of fit of the estimated general multivariate model was χ2 = 87.2230; P < 0.0001. To confirm clinical relevance of those findings, a univariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association between clinically significant pedicle screw instability and posterior fusion in patients operated on employing TLIF. The results of logistic regression analysis demonstrate that additional posterior fusion may decrease the rate of instrumentation failure that requires revision surgery in patients treated with TLIF [B0 = 1.314321; B1 = -3.218279; p = 0.0023; OR = 24.98507; 95% CI (3.209265; 194.5162), the overall goodness of fit of the estimated regression was χ2 = 22.29538, p = <0.0001].
UNASSIGNED: Circumferential fusion in patients operated on employing TLIF is associated with a decline in the rate of pedicle screw loosening detected by CT imaging and clinically significant instrumentation failure.

暂无摘要。

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of panoramic radiography in detecting degenerative diseases of the temporomandibular joint.
METHODS: The protocol was registered at the PROSPERO website. To consider the eligibility of studies to be included/excluded from this review, the acronym \"PIRDS\" was used and appropriate word combinations and truncations were adapted in the following electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.
RESULTS: A total of 2572 references, after the removal of duplicates, were retrieved from the eight electronic databases. After reading the titles and abstracts, a total of 26 articles were selected for full reading, of which ten were excluded, resulting in 16 articles included for qualitative synthesis. All in vivo studies were classified as having a low risk of bias. Regarding in vitro studies none of the included studies scored below 80% in the overall evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: Both in vitro and in vivo studies consistently report a low accuracy in detecting degenerative diseases of the temporomandibular joint using panoramic radiography.
CONCLUSIONS: Cone-beam computed tomography offers a superior image quality without overlapping structures and a higher accuracy compared to panoramic radiography. However, panoramic radiography can still serve as an initial examination when combined with a clinical assessment. CBCT should be reserved for cases where there are evident clinical and/or radiographic alterations that recommend its use. This approach ensures a judicious and cost-effective use of CBCT resources.