背景:儿童智力的微妙异常,运动技能,各种辅助生殖治疗(ART)的心理学可能被低估。了解智力的预后,运动技能,ART儿童的心理和心理将为父母提供合理的期望,并使他们能够计划相关的支持,以实现ART儿童的最佳潜力。
方法:我们搜索了PubMed,EMBASE,奥维德,谷歌学者,和Scopus数据库,直到2021年4月13日,以确定相关研究。34项研究符合纳入和排除标准。荟萃分析采用标准化的均值差异模型。这项研究的结果是比较智商(IQ),运动能力,以及所有ART之间的行为问题,体外受精(IVF),自然受孕(NC)儿童的胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)。基于卡特尔的智能子域,喇叭,和认知架构的卡罗尔模型(CHC模型),包括流体推理,短期和工作记忆,处理速度,视觉空间能力,长期记忆检索,结晶的智力(知识),进行了详细的评估和总结。运动技能分为两个领域:总体运动和精细运动。行为问题分为外化行为和内化行为。
结果:Meta分析显示,IVF幼儿的言语智力得分明显低于NC幼儿(p=0.02);相反,与NC幼儿相比,ICSI幼儿的言语智力得分明显更高(p=0.005)。ART后出生的幼儿的非语言智力得分显着降低(p=0.047)。与自然受孕的幼儿相比,IVF幼儿的精细运动评分显着降低(p=0.01)。基于父级的CBCL,与ART幼儿相比,NC幼儿的总评分(p=0.01)和外部行为评分(p=0.001)更高。对学龄前和小学儿童的全面智商和所有智力领域的评估表明,ART和NC儿童之间没有显着差异。基于学龄前和小学家长的CBCL,与NC儿童相比,IVF儿童的外化行为得分明显较低(p=0.04)。对青少年研究的荟萃分析显示,ART青少年在学业上的得分高于NC青少年,包括数学(p<0.00001)和阅读或语言(p<0.00001)。
结论:尽管在某些方面存在差异,这一发现表明ART不太可能对儿童的神经发育产生负面影响。
Subtle abnormalities in children\'s intelligence, motor skills, and psychology from various assisted reproductive treatments (ARTs) might be underdiagnosed. Understanding the prognosis of intelligence, motor skills, and psychology in children from ART would provide parents with reasonable expectations and enable them to plan relevant support to achieve the optimum potential in ART children.
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases until April 13, 2021, to identify relevant studies. Thirty-four studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis employed a standardized mean difference model. The outcome of this study is to compare intelligence quotient (IQ), motoric ability, and behavioral problems between all ARTs, in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to naturally conceived (NC) children. Subdomains of intelligence based on the Cattell, Horn, and Carroll Model (CHC Model) of cognitive architecture, including fluid reasoning, short-term and working memory, processing speed, visual-spatial ability, long-term memory retrieval, and crystalized intelligence (knowledge), were evaluated and summarized in details. Motor skill was stratified into two domains: gross motoric and fine motoric. Behavioral problem was categorized as externalizing and internalizing behavior.
Meta-analysis showed that verbal intelligence score in IVF toddlers is significantly lower than NC toddlers (p = 0.02); conversely, ICSI toddlers scored significantly higher verbal intelligence score compared to NC toddlers (p = 0.005). Toddlers born after ART had significantly lower non-verbal intelligence score (p = 0.047). IVF toddlers scored significantly lower fine motor score (p = 0.01) compared to naturally conceived toddlers. Based on parent\'s CBCL, NC toddlers had higher total (p = 0.01) and externalizing behavior (p = 0.001) scores compared to ART toddlers. Evaluation of full scale IQ and all domains of intelligence in preschool and primary school children revealed that no significant differences exist between ART and NC children. Based on preschool and primary school parents\' CBCL, IVF children had significantly lower externalizing behavior score compared to NC children (p = 0.04). Meta-analyses of studies on young adolescents revealed that ART young adolescents scored higher academically than their NC counterparts, including on mathematics (p < 0.00001) and reading or language (p < 0.00001).
Despite differences in certain aspects, this finding suggests that ART is unlikely to cause negative impacts on children\'s neurodevelopment.