斯拉沃尼亚是克罗地亚最发达的农业地区。肥沃的土壤使种植各种各样的水果成为可能,蔬菜,和谷物,斯拉沃尼亚一直满足其人口的食物需求。今天,当地品种和半自然植被的生物文化多样性已经无可挽回地消失了。我们的目标是通过深入的半结构化访谈记录该地区植物使用的剩余当地知识,于2022-2023年进行。植物和真菌使用的所有可能方面都被记录为食物,动物饲料,医学,建筑,珠宝,仪式和仪式,染料,等。还记录了当地植物品种的名称和用途。结果显示1702个条目-来自76个科的总共296个植物分类单元和来自16个科的28个真菌。最常被命名的植物是:荨麻,刺槐,Rosacanina,还有Sambucusnigra.用途最广泛的植物是桑树,迷迭香,普通小麦,还有ZeaMays.确定了有趣的用途。观赏植物Hostasieboldiana的叶子今天仍然被用作用米包裹肉的食物,水生植物Trapanatans像栗子一样被吃掉,蕨菜曾经作为蔬菜食用。此外,为防止和避免血液中毒,给马服用了菊花和接骨木。一些森林物种具有特殊的意义,受到尊敬或青睐。最常提及的食用菌是牛肝菌。,Cantharelluscibarius,和乳杆菌。黑木耳是唯一一种专门用作生零食的物种。食用使用Sarccoscyphacoccinea的证据,据报道,这是过去传统消费的,特别感兴趣。尽管该地区具有现代化和农业性质,许多有趣的用途的植物和真菌被确定。应进一步努力记录这些知识,以促进其在拥有这些知识的社区中的传播,或者至少为后代保存它。
Slavonia is the most developed agricultural region in Croatia. With rich and fertile soils that have enabled the cultivation of a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, and cereals, Slavonia has always met the food needs of its population. Today, the biocultural diversity of local varieties and semi-natural vegetation has irretrievably disappeared. Our aim was to document the remaining local knowledge of plant use in this area through in-depth semi-structured interviews, which were conducted in 2022-2023. All possible aspects of the use of plants and fungi were recorded as food, animal feed, medicine, construction, jewelry, rituals and ceremonies, dyes, etc. The names and uses of local plant varieties were also recorded. The results show 1702 entries-a total of 296 plant taxa from 76 families and 28 fungi from 16 families. The most frequently named plants were: Urtica dioica, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa canina, and Sambucus nigra. The plants with the greatest variety of uses were Morus alba, Rosmarinus officinalis, Triticum aestivum, and Zea mays. Interesting uses were identified. The leaves of the ornamental plant Hosta sieboldiana are still used today as food for wrapping meat with rice, the aquatic plant Trapa natans is eaten like chestnuts, and Pteridium aquilinum was once consumed as a vegetable. In addition, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Sambucus ebulus were given to horses to prevent and avoid blood poisoning. Some forest species had a special significance and were revered or favored. The most frequently mentioned edible fungi were Boletus sp., Cantharellus cibarius, and Lactarius piperatus. Auricularia auricula-judae is the only species stated to have been used exclusively as a raw snack. Evidence of edible use of Sarccoscypha coccinea, which was reported as traditionally consumed in the past, was of particular interest. Despite the modernization and agricultural nature of the region, many interesting uses of plants and fungi were identified. Further efforts should be directed towards documenting this knowledge to facilitate its dissemination in the communities that possess it, or at least to preserve it for future generations.