持续的COVID-19大流行已经造成670多万人悲惨死亡,plus,很大一部分幸存下来的人表现出无数持续至少6个月的慢性症状;这被命名为长型COVID。一些最普遍的症状是疼痛,如头痛,关节痛,偏头痛,神经性疼痛,疲劳和肌痛。microRNAs是调控基因的非编码小RNA,他们参与了几种病理已经被广泛证明。在COVID-19患者中观察到miRNA的失调。本系统评价的目的是根据COVID-19患者miRNAs的表达,显示长期COVID-19患者慢性疼痛样症状的患病率,并就它们如何参与慢性疼痛样症状的致病机制提出建议。在在线数据库中对2020年3月至2022年4月之间发表的原始文章进行了系统审查;系统审查遵循了PRISMA指南,它在PROSPERO注册,注册号为CRD42022318992。共纳入22篇miRNA评价文章,20篇关于长COVID的评价文章;疼痛样症状的总体患病率约为10%至87%,plus,通常上调和下调的miRNA是miR-21-5p,miR-29a,B,c-3pmiR-92a,b-3p,miR-92b-5p,miR-126-3p,miR-150-5p,miR-155-5p,miR-200a,c-3p,miR-320a,B,C,D,e-3p,和miR-451a。我们假设由这些miRNA调节的分子途径是IL-6/STAT3促炎轴和血液神经屏障的妥协;这两种机制可能与长期COVID人群中疲劳和慢性疼痛的患病率有关,此外,它们可能是减少和预防这些症状的新药理靶点。
The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has caused more than 6.7 million tragic deaths, plus, a large percentage of people who survived it present a myriad of chronic symptoms that last for at least 6 months; this has been named as long COVID. Some of the most prevalent are painful symptoms like headache, joint pain, migraine, neuropathic-like pain, fatigue and myalgia. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate genes, and their involvement in several pathologies has been extensively shown. A deregulation of miRNAs has been observed in patients with COVID-19. The objective of the present systematic review was to show the prevalence of chronic pain-like symptoms of patients with long COVID and based on the expression of miRNAs in patients with COVID-19, and to present a proposal on how they may be involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic pain-like symptoms. A systematic review was carried out in online databases for original articles published between March 2020 to April 2022; the systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and it was registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42022318992. A total of 22 articles were included for the evaluation of miRNAs and 20 regarding long COVID; the overall prevalence of pain-like symptoms was around 10 to 87%, plus, the miRNAs that were commonly up and downregulated were miR-21-5p, miR-29a,b,c-3p miR-92a,b-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-200a, c-3p, miR-320a,b,c,d,e-3p, and miR-451a. The molecular pathways that we hypothesized to be modulated by these miRNAs are the IL-6/STAT3 proinflammatory axis and the compromise of the blood-nerve barrier; these two mechanisms could be associated with the prevalence of fatigue and chronic pain in the long COVID population, plus they could be novel pharmacological targets in order to reduce and prevent these symptoms.