UNASSIGNED: With increasing numbers of oral cancer diagnoses and guidance recommending that patients approach their doctors or dentists for assessments, when searching for information regarding mouth cancer, patients may first look to their dental practice website. This study aimed to evaluate the variance of patient information provided regarding oral cancer on dental practice websites.
UNASSIGNED: Dental practices within the Manchester area with an active website were included with assessment of whether there was any information provided regarding reducing oral cancer risk factors, signs to look out for and if oral cancer screening was included as part of the general check-up, using a three-point score based on the joint statement from the British and Irish Society for Oral Medicine (BISOM) and Cancer Research UK (CRUK) regarding oral cancer diagnosis and prevention.
UNASSIGNED: In total, 66.6% (n=60) of practices provided no accessible information regarding oral cancer screening and prevention on their websites. Only 12.2% (n=11) discussed all three factors of oral screening, symptoms and reducing risk factors. Screening as part of routine examination was most frequently mentioned at 27% (n=24), risk factors were discussed by 23% (n=21) of practices and symptoms to be aware of by 13% (n=12).
UNASSIGNED: There is a lack of information available to patients on dental practice websites regarding oral cancer. To overcome lack of quality assurance on the internet, dentists can provide factual information via their dental practice websites. This could help with improving patient awareness and therefore aiding in early detection, improving patient outcomes.

The translation elongation factor 1α (EF1α) protein is a highly conserved G protein that is crucial for protein translation in all eukaryotic organisms. EF1α quickly became insoluble at temperatures 42 °C treatment for 2h in vitro, but generally remained soluble in vivo even after being exposed to temperatures as high as 45 °C for an extended period, which suggests that protective mechanisms exist for keeping EF1α soluble in plant cells under heat stress. EF1α had fast in vivo insolubilization when exposed to 45 °C, resulting in about 40% of the protein aggregating after 9 h. Given its established role in protein translation, heat-induced aggregation is most likely to impact the function of the elongation factor. Overexpression of constitutive mutants in both GTP-bound and GDP-bound forms of EF1α resulted in significantly decreased heat tolerance. These findings provide evidence to support the critical role of EF1α, a thermosensitive protein, in the heat tolerance of plants.

It is unclear whether Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and greenness have additional modifying effects on the association between air pollution and respiratory system disease. Utilizing a time-stratified case-crossover design with a distributed lag linear model, we analyzed the association between six pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3, and CO) and 555,498 respiratory hospital admissions in Beijing from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2019. We employed conditional logistic regression, adjusting for meteorological conditions, holidays and influenza, to calculate percent change of hospitalization risk. Subsequently, we performed subgroup analysis to investigate potential effect modifications using a two-sample z test. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 led to increases of 0.26% (95%CI: 0.17%, 0.35%), 0.15% (95%CI: 0.09%, 0.22%), 0.61% (95%CI: 0.44%, 0.77%), 1.72% (95%CI: 1.24%, 2.21%), and 0.32% (95%CI: 0.20%, 0.43%) in admissions, respectively. Also, a 1 mg/m3 increase in CO levels resulted in a 2.50% (95%CI: 1.96%, 3.04%) rise in admissions. The links with NO2 (p < 0.001), SO2 (p < 0.001), O3 (during the warm season, p < 0.001), and CO (p < 0.001) were significantly weaker among patients residing in areas with higher levels of greenness. No significant modifying role of GDP was observed. Greenness can help mitigate the effects of air pollutants, while the role of GDP needs further investigation.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is evolving into one of the most pressing environmental concerns worldwide. This study assessed the impact of economic activities on atmospheric MP pollution across 17 megacities in northern China, analyzing the correlation between the deposition flux of atmospheric MPs and variables such as city population, gross domestic product (GDP), and industrial structure. The results have shown that the MP pollution is obviously impacted by human activities related to increased GDP, population, as well as tertiary service sector, in which the MP pollution shows most close relationship with the GDP growth. Polypropylene, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyethylene were identified as the primary components of atmospheric MPs. The average particle size of MPs in atmospheric dustfall is 78.3 µm, and the frequency of MP particles increases as the particle size decreases. The findings highlight the complex relationship between socio-economic development and atmospheric MP accumulation, providing essential insights for the formulation of targeted emission reduction strategies.

Economic loss estimation is critical for policymakers to craft policies that balance economic and health concerns during pandemic emergencies. However, this task is time-consuming and resource-intensive, posing challenges during emergencies.
To address this, we proposed using electricity consumption (EC) and nighttime lights (NTL) datasets to estimate the total, commercial, and industrial economic losses from COVID-19 lockdowns in the Philippines. Regression models were employed to establish the relationship of GDP with EC and NTL. Then, models using basic statistics and weather data were developed to estimate the counterfactual EC and NTL, from which counterfactual GDP was derived. The difference between the actual and the counterfactual GDP from 2020 to 2021 yielded economic loss.
This paper highlights three findings. First, the regression model results established that models based on EC (adj-R2 ≥ 0.978) were better at explaining GDP than models using NTL (adj-R2 ≥ 0.663); however, combining both EC and NTL improved the prediction (adj-R2 ≥ 0.979). Second, counterfactual EC and NTL could be estimated using models based on statistics and weather data explaining more than 81% of the pre-pandemic values. Last, the estimated total loss amounted to 2.9 trillion PhP in 2020 and 3.2 trillion PhP in 2021. More than two-thirds of the losses were in the commercial sector as it responded to both policies and the COVID-19 case surge. In contrast, the industrial sector was affected primarily by the lockdown implementation.
This method allowed monitoring of economic losses resulting from long-term and large-scale hazards such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings can serve as empirical evidence for advocating targeted strategies that balance public health and the economy during pandemic scenarios.

Life expectancy can reflect both health benefit and implementation cost of climate policy. Nevertheless, little research has quantified the relation between life expectancy and climate policy in literature. In this paper, we attempt to narrow the research gap by studying how life expectancy is related to the Chinese nationwide emission trading scheme (CNETS). To achieve this research target, a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model is employed to simulate the operation of the economic system and the policy shock from emission abatement. The CGE model results show that life expectancy is prolonged by GDP but shortened by emissions, and the GDP impact on life expectancy is larger than the emission impact. Climate policy has dual effects on life expectancy because it relieves both negative emission impacts and positive GDP impacts on lifespan; its net effect on life expectancy is positive. Life expectancy positively impacts GDP, and this impact is moderated by climate policy; specifically, climate policy reinforces the positive impact of life expectancy on GDP. Life expectancy minimally affects carbon emissions during climate policy implementation; in other words, it has minimal impacts on emission abatement. These findings imply that climate policy and life expectancy complement each other; the government could implement climate policy to increase lifespan or prolong life expectancy to facilitate policy implementation.

This study investigates the potential determinants of capital flight from BRICS countries. We use the residual method to estimate capital flight and employ GMM testing approach. We find a surge in the volume of capital flight from BRICS especially in the aftermath of global financial crisis. The empirical results suggest that, past values of the capital flight, real GDP growth rates, exchange rate depreciation, unemployment rate, business confidence index and financial stability indicator as significant factors causing resident capital outflows from BRICS nations. These findings call for an effective policy framework by the fiscal and monetary authorities.

In recent years, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and other negative environmental effects of human activity have raised concerns about the planet\'s future. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and economic activity have shown a surge in CO2 emissions, contributing to global warming and climate change. The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of such as gross domestic product, gross domestic product square, foreign direct investment, environmental diplomacy, environmental diplomacy security, and renewable energy consumption on environmental degradation. This study provides a new perspective on environmental diplomacy in OECD countries using panel data econometric methodologies from 1991 to 2020. It contributes to our understanding of the role of environmental and economic factors in reducing CO2 emissions. The panel data is also analyzed by CD, CIPS, FMOLS, DOLS, and PMG-ARDL tests. However, as per the findings of this research, all the factors significantly impact environmental degradation (Co2 emission). Finding data to either confirm or deny the efficacy of the Environmental Kuznets Curve theory within the framework of OECD countries is possible through this approach. This policy framework attempts to solve the issues at the connection of environmental diplomacy and economic concerns by emphasizing cooperation and sustainability and incorporating environmental considerations into economic decision-making processes in OECD countries.

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The Connect 2030 initiative, launched by the International Telecommunication Union, is in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations Agenda 2030. Its main objective is to achieve universal connectivity, a goal that is closely related to environmental issues. This topic currently receives attention from researchers and policymakers. Given these considerations, our study investigates the impact of information and communication technologies on carbon dioxide emissions for a panel of 84 countries spanning the years 2009 to 2020. Using principal component analysis, we construct an ICT index that encompasses international bandwidth, reflecting the universal connectivity, and participation in international data exchanges. The empirical analysis applies the pooled mean group-panel autoregressive distributive lag (PMG-ARDL) approach to estimate both the long-run and short-run coefficients of CO2 emissions\' determinants. Our findings show that ICT and renewable energy mitigate CO2 emissions, unlike financial development, GDP, and non-renewable energy, which contribute significantly to emissions for the full sample. These outcomes suggest that promoting ICTs in general and international bandwidth in particular, as part of universal connectivity, improves the quality of the global environment.