■评估疫苗接种/加强给药动态对降低欧洲国家COVID-19感染波期间超额死亡率的影响。
■我们从OurWorldInData项目数据库中选择了29个国家,这些国家的人口规模超过一百万,并且在COVID-19感染波中可获得有关SARS-CoV-2主要变种的信息。选择后,我们根据国家的“更快”或“更慢”的疫苗接种率对国家进行分类。第一类包括到2021年10月接种疫苗的居民达到60%,到2022年1月达到70%的国家。第二类或“较慢”类别包括所有其他国家。在第一个或“更快”类别中,两组,创建了“更快的助推器”和“更慢的助推器”。皮尔逊相关分析,线性回归,和分类数据的卡方检验用于确定疫苗接种率和超额死亡率之间的关联.我们选择了与病毒变异优势相对应的时间间隔:武汉,阿尔法,Delta,和OmicronBA.1/2。
■“更快”的国家,与“慢”的相反,在SARS-CoV-2大流行的所有时期甚至在接种疫苗之前,在保护居民免于死亡方面做得更好。也许更高的人均国内生产总值有助于他们在整个大流行期间的更好表现。在大规模疫苗接种期间,当Delta变种盛行时,“较快”和“较慢”类别之间的死亡率对比最强。“较慢”国家的平均超额死亡率是“较快”国家的近5倍,比值比(OR)为4.9(95%CI4.4至5.4)。在OmicronBA.1和BA.2占主导地位的时期,较低的加强率与较高的死亡率相关,OR为2.6(CI95%。2.1至3.3)。在我们分析的欧洲国家中,丹麦,挪威,爱尔兰做得最好,大流行死亡率为人口的0.1%或更低。相比之下,保加利亚,塞尔维亚,俄罗斯的死亡率要高得多,高达1%的人口。
■因此,与免疫速度较快的国家相比,在“较慢”的欧洲国家中,缓慢的疫苗接种和加强给药是导致超额死亡率较高一个数量级的主要因素.
To evaluate the effect of vaccination/booster administration dynamics on the reduction of excess mortality during COVID-19 infection waves in European countries.
We selected twenty-nine countries from the OurWorldInData project database according to their population size of more than one million and the availability of information on dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants during COVID-19 infection waves. After selection, we categorized countries according to their \"faster\" or \"slower\" vaccination rates. The first category included countries that reached 60% of vaccinated residents by October 2021 and 70% by January 2022. The second or \"slower\" category included all other countries. In the first or \"faster\" category, two groups, \"boosters faster\'\' and \"boosters slower\" were created. Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, and chi-square test for categorical data were used to identify the association between vaccination rate and excess mortality. We chose time intervals corresponding to the dominance of viral variants: Wuhan, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron BA.1/2.
The \"faster\" countries, as opposed to the \"slower\" ones, did better in protecting their residents from mortality during all periods of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and even before vaccination. Perhaps higher
GDP per capita contributed to their better performance throughout the pandemic. During mass vaccination, when the Delta variant prevailed, the contrast in mortality rates between the \"faster\" and \"slower\" categories was strongest. The average excess mortality in the \"slower\" countries was nearly 5 times higher than in the \"faster\" countries, and the odds ratio (OR) was 4.9 (95% CI 4.4 to 5.4). Slower booster rates were associated with significantly higher mortality during periods dominated by Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, with an OR of 2.6 (CI 95%. 2.1 to 3.3). Among the European countries we analyzed, Denmark, Norway, and Ireland did best, with a pandemic mortality rate of 0.1% of the population or less. By comparison, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Russia had a much higher mortality rate of up to 1% of the population.
Thus, slow vaccination and booster administration was a major factor contributing to an order of magnitude higher excess mortality in \"slower\" European countries compared to more rapidly immunized countries.