目的:我们进行了三项预先注册的研究,以检查犯罪受害者是否更容易接受受害者-罪犯调解中的道歉,如果他们认为自己知道犯罪的“全部”真相。
目标:我们预测,使完整性(与不完整)关于犯罪的知识将导致受害者(a)具有更大的真实感,并且(b)更有利地看待道歉。
方法:研究1(N=380;法师=41.2岁;男性占51%;白人占78%)和研究2(N=550;法师=41.0岁;女性占65%;白人占72%)的参与者认为自己是网络犯罪的受害者。研究3的参与者(N=670;Mage=42.7岁;52%的男性;72%的白人)是真正的犯罪受害者。参与者想象参与受害者-罪犯调解,在此期间罪犯道歉,然后他们在回答了突出他们知道或不知道的问题后评估了道歉(完全知识显著性与不完整的知识显著性)。研究2的参与者从罪犯或警察那里获得了有关犯罪的其他信息,以测试真相来源是否充当主持人。
结果:完整的参与者(与不完整)知识显著性条件报告了更大的真相知道(研究1d=1.40,研究2d=1.26,研究3d=0.58),准备道歉(研究1d=0.25;研究2d=0.23;研究3d=0.09,无显著性),道歉的感知完整性(研究1d=0.26,研究2d=0.31,研究3d=0.19),接受道歉(研究1d=0.22;研究2d=0.21;研究3d=0.10,无显著性)。在研究2中,真相来源仅缓和了道歉接受的影响(η2=.009)。在三项研究中,完成(vs.不完整)知识显著性与道歉准备间接正相关,道歉的完整性,和道歉接受(在研究3中不重要),通过真理知道。
结论:受害者-罪犯调解的实例应确保受害者对真相的需求得到满足,因为这可能会提高道歉的有效性。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2024APA,保留所有权利)。
OBJECTIVE: We conducted three preregistered studies to examine whether victims of crime are more receptive to apologies in victim-offender mediation if they feel they know the \"whole\" truth about a crime.
OBJECTIVE: We predicted that making salient the completeness (vs. incompleteness) of knowledge about a crime would lead victims to (a) have a greater sense of truth knowing and (b) view an apology more favorably.
METHODS: Participants in Study 1 (N = 380; Mage = 41.2 years; 51% men; 78% White) and Study 2 (N = 550; Mage = 41.0 years; 65% women; 72% White) imagined being the victim of cybercrime. Participants in Study 3 (N = 670; Mage = 42.7 years; 52% men; 72% White) were real crime victims. Participants imagined taking part in victim-offender mediation during which the offender apologized, and then they evaluated the apology after answering questions that made salient what they either knew or did not know about the crime (complete knowledge salience vs. incomplete knowledge salience). Participants in Study 2 received additional information about the crime from either the offender or the police to test whether truth source acts as a moderator.
RESULTS: Participants in the complete (vs. incomplete) knowledge salience condition reported greater truth knowing (Study 1 d = 1.40, Study 2 d = 1.26, Study 3 d = 0.58), readiness for an apology (Study 1 d = 0.25; Study 2 d = 0.23; Study 3 d = 0.09, nonsignificant), perceived completeness of an apology (Study 1 d = 0.26, Study 2 d = 0.31, Study 3 d = 0.19), and acceptance of an apology (Study 1 d = 0.22; Study 2 d = 0.21; Study 3 d = 0.10, nonsignificant). In Study 2, truth source moderated the effect only on apology acceptance (η2 = .009). Across the three studies, complete (vs. incomplete) knowledge salience was indirectly positively related to apology readiness, apology completeness, and apology acceptance (nonsignificant in Study 3), via truth knowing.
CONCLUSIONS: Instances of victim-offender mediation should ensure that victims\' need for truth is satisfied because this may increase the effectiveness of apologies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).