Abstract：
In Senegal, violent delinquency and illicit drug use are on the increase. This study focuses on two distinct groups: drug users (DUs) undergoing rehabilitation and violent ex-offenders (VEs). The methodology adopted includes a quantitative survey of the general population (n=1009), followed by a qualitative survey of fifteen participants, including eight DUs undergoing treatment at the Centre de prise en charge intégrée des addictions de Dakar (CEPIAD) (Integrated Addictions Management Center of Dakar) and the Centre Jacques Chirac de Thiaroye, and seven former VEs from the Grand Yoff district. This neighborhood, known for its violence, is juxtaposed with the Grand Yoff social housing estate, a residential area also affected by outbreaks of violence. This study aims to establish the link(s) between drug use and criminal violence by analyzing the life stories of young adults who have managed to leave drug use and delinquency behind. It then looks to identify the determinants of resilience in certain young people. The study revealed delinquent violence among young people does not systematically result from drug use. Rather, drug use is a factor conducive to violence. The links between drugs and violence depend on individual predisposition, the type of drugs used, and the level of addiction. Resilience results from a web of individual, sociocultural, and environmental factors. It is not static, but rather the result of a series of successes, failures, and even relapses.
摘要：
在塞内加尔，暴力犯罪和非法药物使用正在增加。这项研究的重点是两个不同的群体：接受康复的吸毒者（DU）和暴力前罪犯（VE）。采用的方法包括对一般人群的定量调查(n=1009)，随后对15名参与者进行了定性调查，包括在达喀尔戒毒中心（CEPIAD）（达喀尔综合戒毒管理中心）和雅克·希拉克·德·蒂亚罗耶中心接受治疗的八个DU，和七个来自GrandYoff区的前Ve。这附近,以其暴力而闻名，与GrandYoff社会住宅区并列，也受到暴力事件影响的住宅区。这项研究旨在通过分析设法摆脱毒品使用和犯罪的年轻人的生活故事，建立毒品使用和犯罪之间的联系。然后，它寻找确定某些年轻人的弹性的决定因素。该研究表明，年轻人中的违法暴力行为并不是由吸毒引起的。相反，吸毒是导致暴力的一个因素。毒品和暴力之间的联系取决于个人的倾向，使用的药物类型，以及成瘾的程度。韧性来自个体的网络，社会文化,和环境因素。它不是静态的，而是一系列成功的结果，失败,甚至复发。
