■与美国白人相比,美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AIAN)社区面临着明显的经济和健康差异,这种情况植根于长期的历史不公正和种族隔离。少数群体收益递减理论(MDR)提供了超越传统关注社会经济地位(SES)差异的洞察力,比如教育程度。这表明,与美国白人相比,边缘化和种族非白人群体在健康和经济地位方面的教育成就的有益成果不太重要。
■这项研究调查了MDR理论对AIAN人群的适用性,方法是研究AIAN成年人相对于白人而言,教育对减贫的积极影响和残疾福利依赖的风险降低是否较弱。
■利用2022年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)的数据,这项横断面研究分析了20743名成年人的队列,包括20474名白人和269名AIAN个人。我们评估了受教育程度之间的关系,贫困水平,以及领取残疾津贴的可能性。采用结构方程模型,将接收残疾福利作为受种族背景影响的潜在因素(AIAN)作为潜在的主持人,教育是主要的预测因素,以及贫困水平和自我评估的健康作为中介。性别,年龄,就业状况,婚姻状况,和西班牙裔种族作为额外的协变量。
■研究结果表明,较高的教育水平通常与获得残疾津贴的较低可能性相关,以改善健康和经济状况为中介。尽管如此,种族(AIAN)和教育之间的相互作用显著影响了经济成果,随后影响领取残疾福利的风险。这表明,白人比AIAN个人从教育中受益更多。
■该研究强调了MDR理论与AIAN人群中与贫困风险和获得残疾福利有关的教育成果差异的相关性。AIAN个人在利用其教育成就获得相对于白人的经济收益方面面临的挑战可能归因于各个部门普遍存在的种族主义和歧视,包括就业和教育。解决这些差距需要采取政策干预措施,确保教育回报在不同种族群体中是公平的,注重平等获得资源和机会。
UNASSIGNED: American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) communities face pronounced economic and health disparities compared to White Americans, a situation rooted in long-standing historical injustices and segregation. The theory of Minorities\' Diminished Returns (MDR) provides insight beyond the traditional focus on socioeconomic status (SES) disparities, such as educational attainment. It suggests that the beneficial outcomes of educational achievements on health and economic status are less substantial for marginalized and racially non-White groups compared to White Americans.
UNASSIGNED: This study investigates the applicability of the MDR theory to AIAN populations by examining whether the positive effects of education on poverty reduction and the decreased risk of disability benefit dependency are weaker for AIAN adults relative to their White counterparts.
UNASSIGNED: Utilizing data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), this cross-sectional study analyzed a cohort of 20,743 adults, comprising 20,474 White and 269 AIAN individuals. We assessed the relationships between educational attainment, poverty level, and the likelihood of receiving disability benefits. A structural equation model was employed, with receipt of disability benefits as a latent factor influenced by racial background (AIAN) as a potential moderator, education as the main predictor, and poverty level and self-rated health as mediators. Gender, age, employment status, marital status, and Hispanic ethnicity served as additional covariates.
UNASSIGNED: Findings indicate that higher educational levels are generally associated with a lower likelihood of receiving disability benefits, mediated by improved health and economic status. Nonetheless, the interaction between race (AIAN) and education significantly influenced economic outcomes, subsequently affecting the risk of receiving disability benefits. This suggests that Whites benefit more economically from education than AIAN individuals do.
UNASSIGNED: The study underscores the MDR theory\'s relevance to the disparities in educational outcomes related to poverty risk and receiving disability benefits among AIAN populations. The challenges AIAN individuals face in leveraging their educational achievements for economic gain relative to Whites may be attributed to pervasive racism and discrimination within various sectors, including employment and education. Addressing these disparities necessitates policy interventions that ensure educational returns are equitable across racial groups, with a focus on equal access to resources and opportunities.