全世界数以百万计的牲畜感染了吸血的理发师杆虫,Haemonchuscontrortus,血液病的病因。尽管这种寄生虫在世界范围内具有重要意义,并且对目前的治疗方法具有广泛的抵抗力,来自澳大利亚的这种寄生虫缺乏高质量的基因组,称为Haecon-5,限制了许多领域的研究,包括宿主-寄生虫相互作用,药物发现和群体遗传学。为了在这些领域进行研究,我们在这里报告了Haecon-5的染色体连续基因组(~280Mb),其具有19,234个蛋白质编码基因的高质量模型.比较基因组分析显示,与英国扭曲H.称为MHco3(ISE)。N1(缩写为“ISE”),但我们也发现了基因组结构/基因排列的显著差异,Haecon-5和ISE之间的核苷酸变异性(单核苷酸多态性(SNP)和indel)和正交性分布。我们使用Haecon-5的基因组和广泛的转录组资源,采用“跨物种”机器学习(ML)方法,使用一系列核苷酸/蛋白质序列的特征来预测必需的单拷贝基因的子集。蛋白质矫形学,亚细胞定位,可用于模型生物秀丽隐杆线虫和黑腹果蝇的单细胞RNA-seq和/或组蛋白甲基化数据。从一组1,464个保守的单拷贝基因中,在H.contortus的关键生命周期阶段转录,我们鉴定了232个基因,其同源物在秀丽隐杆线虫和/或黑腹D.并优先考虑其中10个用于进一步表征;10个基因中有9个可能在神经生理过程中发挥作用,种系,皮下组织和/或呼吸,一个是未知的(孤儿)基因,没有详细的功能信息。这些基因/基因产物的未来研究有必要阐明它们在寄生虫生物学中的作用,宿主-寄生虫相互作用和/或疾病。显然,目前,Haecon-5参考基因组和相关资源为扭曲H.的广泛基础研究奠定了基础,并有助于加速发现新的干预靶点和候选药物以对抗血吸虫病.
Millions of livestock animals worldwide are infected with the haematophagous barber\'s pole worm, Haemonchus contortus, the aetiological agent of haemonchosis. Despite the major significance of this parasite worldwide and its widespread resistance to current treatments, the lack of a high-quality genome for the well-defined strain of this parasite from Australia, called Haecon-5, has constrained research in a number of areas including host-parasite interactions, drug discovery and population genetics. To enable research in these areas, we report here a chromosome-contiguous genome (∼280 Mb) for Haecon-5 with high-quality models for 19,234 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomic analyses show significant genomic similarity (synteny) with a UK strain of H. contortus, called MHco3(ISE).N1 (abbreviated as \"ISE\"), but we also discover marked differences in genomic structure/gene arrangements, distribution of nucleotide variability (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels) and orthology between Haecon-5 and ISE. We used the genome and extensive transcriptomic resources for Haecon-5 to predict a subset of essential single-copy genes employing a \"cross-species\" machine learning (ML) approach using a range of features from nucleotide/protein sequences, protein orthology, subcellular localisation, single-cell RNA-seq and/or histone methylation data available for the model organisms Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. From a set of 1,464 conserved single copy genes, transcribed in key life-cycle stages of H. contortus, we identified 232 genes whose homologs have critical functions in C. elegans and/or D. melanogaster, and prioritised 10 of them for further characterisation; nine of the 10 genes likely play roles in neurophysiological processes, germline, hypodermis and/or respiration, and one is an unknown (orphan) gene for which no detailed functional information exists. Future studies of these genes/gene products are warranted to elucidate their roles in parasite biology, host-parasite interplay and/or disease. Clearly, the present Haecon-5 reference genome and associated resources now underpin a broad range of fundamental investigations of H. contortus and could assist in accelerating the discovery of novel intervention targets and drug candidates to combat haemonchosis.