背景:基本运动技能(FMS)和身体素质(FIT)在儿童发育中起着重要作用,并为终身参与体育锻炼(PA)提供了基础。不幸的是,许多孩子的PA水平欠佳,FMS,和FIT。主动学习挪威学前(er)(ACTNOW)研究调查了工作人员主导的PA干预对FMS的影响,FIT,和3-5岁儿童的PA。
方法:邀请了挪威西部有6名3-4岁儿童的幼儿园(n=56)。其中,46人同意参与,并被分组随机纳入干预措施(n=23所幼儿园[381名儿童,3.8年。,55%男孩])或对照组(n=23[438,3.7岁。,52%男孩])。干预性幼儿园参加了为期18个月的PA干预,涉及2019年至2022年间7个月的员工专业发展,总计50小时,包括面对面的研讨会,网络研讨会,数字讲座ACTNOW的主要结果是认知变量,而这项研究调查了对次要结局的影响。FMS通过涵盖运动的9个项目进行测量,对象控件,和平衡技能。FIT被评估为运动适应性(4×10穿梭跑测试)和上下肌肉力量(握力和站立跳远)。用加速度计(ActiGraphGT3X+)测量PA。所有措施都在基线进行,7-,18个月的随访。使用重复测量的线性混合模型分析了效果,其中儿童和学龄前儿童作为随机效应,并调整了基线得分。
结果:干预性幼儿园的参与者表现为阳性,与对照组相比,7个月时的对象控制技能(标准化效应大小(ES)=0.17)和18个月时的运动技能(ES=0.21)具有显着影响。7个月时,握力强度(ES=-0.16)有负面影响。没有发现平衡技能的影响,站立跳远,或运动健身。在学龄前,久坐时间减少(ES=-0.18),轻度(ES=0.14)和中度至重度PA(ES=0.16)在7个月时增加,而轻度PA在18个月时下降(ES=-0.15),干预与控制。对于其他强度或全天PA没有发现影响。
结论:ACTNOW干预改善了一些FMS结局,并在短期内增加了PA。需要进一步的研究来调查如何提高工作人员主导的PA干预措施的有效性,并实现儿童PA的可持续改善,FMS,和FIT。
背景:Clinicaltrials.gov,标识符NCT04048967,2019年8月7日注册。
背景:ACTNOW得到了挪威研究委员会的支持(授权号287903),SognOgFjordane县长,SparebankenSognOgFjordane基金会,和西挪威应用科学大学。
BACKGROUND: Fundamental motor skills (FMS) and physical fitness (FIT) play important roles in child development and provide a foundation for lifelong participation in physical activity (PA). Unfortunately, many children have suboptimal levels of PA, FMS, and FIT. The Active Learning Norwegian Preschool(er)s (ACTNOW) study investigated the effects of a staff-led PA intervention on FMS, FIT, and PA in 3-5-year-old children.
METHODS: Preschools in Western
Norway having ≥ six 3-4-year-old children were invited (n = 56). Of these, 46 agreed to participate and were cluster-randomized into an intervention (n = 23 preschools [381 children, 3.8 yrs., 55% boys]) or a control group (n = 23 [438, 3.7 yrs., 52% boys]). Intervention preschools participated in an 18-month PA intervention involving a 7-month staff professional development between 2019 and 2022, amounting to 50 h, including face-to-face seminars, webinars, and digital lectures. Primary outcomes in ACTNOW were cognition variables, whereas this study investigated effects on secondary outcomes. FMS was measured through 9 items covering locomotor, object control, and balance skills. FIT was assessed as motor fitness (4 × 10 shuttle-run test) and upper and lower muscular strength (handgrip and standing long jump). PA was measured with accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X +). All measures took place at baseline, 7-, and 18-month follow-up. Effects were analysed using a repeated measures linear mixed model with child and preschool as random effects and with adjustment for baseline scores.
RESULTS: Participants in the intervention preschools showed positive, significant effects for object control skills at 7 months (standardized effect size (ES) = 0.17) and locomotor skills at 18 months (ES = 0.21) relative to controls. A negative effect was found for handgrip strength (ES = -0.16) at 7 months. No effects were found for balance skills, standing long jump, or motor fitness. During preschool hours, sedentary time decreased (ES = -0.18), and light (ES = 0.14) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (ES = 0.16) increased at 7 months, whereas light PA decreased at 18 months (ES = -0.15), for intervention vs control. No effects were found for other intensities or full day PA.
CONCLUSIONS: The ACTNOW intervention improved some FMS outcomes and increased PA short-term. Further research is needed to investigate how to improve effectiveness of staff-led PA interventions and achieve sustainable improvements in children\'s PA, FMS, and FIT.
BACKGROUND: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04048967 , registered August 7, 2019.
BACKGROUND: ACTNOW was supported by the Research Council of
Norway (grant number 287903), the County Governor of Sogn og Fjordane, the Sparebanken Sogn og Fjordane Foundation, and the Western
Norway University of Applied Sciences.