Dysorgasmia in women is an infrequent reason for consulting a clinician. In this article, the authors describe the case of a woman with right-sided pelvic pain immediately after orgasm. Dysorgasmia is likely to negatively impact sexual health but is rarely discussed in medical literature. Furthermore, assessment and treatment guidelines for clinicians are currently lacking. Therefore, the authors conducted a literature review and created a preliminary assessment guide, considering both medical and gray literature. A brief flowchart was developed which can facilitate the assessment of dysorgasmia in women for clinicians and improve the quality of care for patients. Further research on the etiology and pathophysiology of dysorgasmia in women is warranted, as is a more proactive attitude of clinicians to discuss sexual health. More guidance on diagnosis and treatment is needed.

People with Behçet\'s Disease, as many individuals with chronic diseases, often face depression, anxiety, poor quality of life and sexual problems. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfuntions in people with Behcet\'s Disease.
A total of 100 participants, 50 patients (29 female) and 50 healthy volunteers (28 female), participated in the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) were administered to the participants.
Depression and sexual dysfunctions were significantly related with Behçet\'s Disease. In our study, all female participants with Behçet\'s Disease had problems in sexual functions. Erectile dysfunction was more frequent in participants with Behcet\'s. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between depression and orgasmic function (p=0.004), sexual desire (p=0.028), sexual satisfaction (p=0.023), and general satisfaction (p=0.028). There was a significant difference between people with Behçet\'s Disease (10.54±6.45) and healthy group (7.36 ±6.13) in depression scores (p=0.009). Patients with systemic involvement and those with mucocutaneous involvement were found to be similar in terms of BDI and BAI scores (p>0.05).
Behçet\'s Disease was found to be a risk factor for depression and sexual dysfunctions.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease with worldwide representation that impacts every domain of a patient´s life, extending to sexual and reproductive domains. The study characterized sexual health (SH) and reproductive health (RH) in Mexican RA outpatients and identified factors associated with impaired sexual function (ISF).
METHODS: From September 1, 2020-January 31, 2022, consecutive RA participants had semi-structured interviews focusing on their SH and RH biographies, and self-administered questionnaires were applied to assess patient-reported outcomes, including fatigue with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale (FACIT-F). ISF was defined based on published cut-offs of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) in males and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in females (≥1 sexual intercourse in the last four weeks was required for index scoring). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with ISF.
RESULTS: There were 268 participants, and 246 (91.8%) were females. Participants had 13 years of disease duration. Among females, 151 (61.4%) had FSFI applied, and the satisfaction domain was impaired in 111 (73.5%). Among males (N = 22), 17 (77.3%) had IIEF applied, and erectile dysfunction was present in 5 (29.4%). Almost half of the participants denied using a family planning method, were in their 50s, and receiving teratogenic drugs; 89.7% of the participants had children. ISF was detected in 94 (62.3%) females and 3 (17.6%) males. Male sex (aOR: 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.36, p = 0.001), FACIT-F score (aOR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.92-1.00, p = 0.03), and cohabitation with the couple (aOR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.11-0.96, p = 0.04) were associated with ISF.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed a disproportionate burden of ISF among women with RA compared to male participants. Male sex, lesser fatigue, and cohabitation with the couple were protective against ISF. Regardless of the prevalent use of teratogenic medications, contraceptive use was suboptimal among the participants.

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is associated with physical, psychological, hormonal, and social alterations that may lead to detrimental effects on sexual function and psychological well-being. This study sought to examine sexual function and psychosocial well-being of pregnant women in Somalia in comparison with their non-pregnant counterparts.
METHODS: We enrolled 487 consecutive women in monogamous marriages. Data included maternal age, gravida, parity, gestational week, education status of wives and husbands, and residence area. The participants completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18).
RESULTS: Of 487 women, 241 were pregnant, and 246 were non-pregnant. The overall incidence of sexual dysfunction was 57.7%, being 64.0% for pregnant and 51.6% for non-pregnant women (p = 0.010). Pregnant women exhibited significantly lower FSFI scores on desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm, and significantly higher total BSI, anxiety, depression and somatization scores. The frequencies of sexual dysfunction were 57.9%, 45.9%, and 78.9% during the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively (p = 0.0001). As compared with the first and second trimesters, and non-pregnancy, the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with a significantly lower total FSFI score and significantly decreased levels of desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm, as well as a significantly higher total BSI score and a significantly increased level of anxiety. In regression analysis, pregnancy was inversely associated with sexual function parameters of desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm, and with BSI parameters of depression, anxiety and somatization.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that pregnant women experience considerable sexual and psychosocial deterioration as compared with their non-pregnant counterparts.

UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to analyze the available evidence regarding the efficacy of iPDE5 in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction (FSD).
UNASSIGNED: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in March 2023 through the main scientific databases.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 53 articles were identified, out of which, 6 met the predefined inclusion criteria. All of these were randomized controlled trials. Among the included studies, 4 demonstrated the effectiveness of sildenafil in improving sexual response and addressing FSD, while 2 studies failed to establish its efficacy in this context.
UNASSIGNED: Overall, the efficacy of sildenafil in the treatment of FSD remains controversial and inconclusive based on the available evidence. Further research is necessary to clarify the therapeutic potential of iPDE5 in addressing FSD and to better understand the factors that influence treatment outcomes.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of vasomotor, sexual dysfunction, and recurrent depression in postmenopausal women.
METHODS: This prospective, open study evaluated 112 postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms. Sexual dysfunction has cultural, social, biological, and emotional issues and divided into two groups: G1, without depression (n=65) and G2, with recurrent depression (n=47). The subjects underwent 12 sessions of in-person cognitive behavioral therapy and 12 sessions of home-based activity over a period of 6 months. They were evaluated at 3 months following the completion of therapy. Depression, memory, and attention-related functions, as well as climactic symptoms, were assessed using a questionnaire.
RESULTS: In the depression questionnaire, the G1 group had a lower initial score than the G2 group (p<0.01). Following 6 months of therapy, both groups had similar improved scores. In the depression questionnaire, the women in group G1 had higher baseline values. In the assessment of vasomotor symptoms, the values in both groups were similar and showed an improvement in vasomotor symptoms after 24 weeks of treatment, but these effects disappeared after the follow-up of 48 weeks in the G2 group. Both groups improved the sexual dysfunction after 24 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive behavioral therapy may be effective in reducing vasomotor symptoms and ameliorate the sexual dysfunction and recurrent depression in postmenopausal women after 24 weeks of treatment.

BACKGROUND: Sexual dysfunction is the most frequent health problem among psychiatric patients. This could be the result of both the nature of the illness itself and the side effects of prescribed psychotropic medications. It also significantly affects an individual\'s general well-being, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and treatment outcomes. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the combined prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors among people with mental illness.
METHODS: We retrieved eligible primary studies using various search databases like PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, and Psychiatry Online. The report of this systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We used standardized data extraction checklists and STATA version 14 for data extraction and analysis, respectively. The I-squared statistics test was used to check statistical heterogeneity within the included articles. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and the Egger test. To estimate the overall prevalence and correlated factors of sexual dysfunction, a random effects model meta-analysis was employed.
RESULTS: In this meta-analysis, a total of 15 primary studies with 2849 psychiatric patients were included. The overall pooled prevalence of sexual dysfunction among psychiatric patients in Africa was 58.42% (95% CI: 49.55, 67.28). Having older age (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.87), longer duration of illness (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.14, 5.93), history of relapse (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.47, 8.43), poor quality of life (OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.15, 7.05), and antipsychotic medications (OR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.84, 4.86) were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis revealed that approximately two-thirds of psychiatric patients in Africa are affected by sexual dysfunction. Therefore, the findings of this study recommend that when evaluating psychiatric patients, health professionals should focus more on sexual dysfunction. It is also essential to promote awareness and incorporate sexual health assessment and intervention into mental health services to reduce the overall burden of the problem.

BACKGROUND: Sexual health is a critical component of overall well-being, yet discussions around sexual function, especially in the context of postpartum recovery, are often taboo or sidelined. The aim was to review measurement tools assessing women\'s sexual function/health during the postpartum period.
METHODS: We did a systematic search according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses 2020 guidelines in different databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest and Open Access Thesis and Dissertations, and Google scholar search engine until June 2023. Also, the reference list of the related reviews has been screened. Eligible studies included observational studies or clinical trials that evaluated women`s sexual function during the postpartum period using existing tools. Data extraction covered study characteristics, measurement tools, and their validity and reliability.
RESULTS: From 3064 retrieved records, after removing duplicates and excluding ineligible studies, and reviewing the reference list of the related reviews, 41 studies were included in this review. Tools measuring sexual function were developed from 1996 to 2017. Sexual activity questionnaire, female sexual function index (FSFI), sexual function questionnaire, short form of the pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire, sexual health outcomes in women questionnaire, shorter version of FSFI, and sexual function questionnaire\'s medical impact scale and Carol scale.
CONCLUSIONS: Sexual activity questionnaire, FSFI, sexual function questionnaire, short form of the pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire, sexual health outcomes in women questionnaire, shorter version of FSFI, sexual function questionnaire\'s medical impact scale, and Carol scale are valid and reliable measuring tools to assess sexual function or sexual health during postpartum period, which can be used in primary studies according to the study aim and objectives.

BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) a central nervous system autoimmune disorder, mainly affecting young adults and more prevalent among women, can lead to sexual dysfunction (SD) among both males and females with MS. Female sexual dysfunction can be defined as dyspareunia, a lack of sexual desire, disorders in the arousal and orgasm phases, and sexual pain disorders. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in sexual function among females with MS whose treatment was switched from first-line injectable medications to other agents after a six-month duration. And assess the changes in all three domains of SD.
METHODS: In this longitudinal study females diagnosed with MS, aged between 18 and 50 years old, and were candidates for switching their treatment from interferon beta-1a (intra-muscular and subcutaneous), and Glatiramer Acetate (GA), to Fingolimod, Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF), or Natalizumab (NTZ) due to patients\' convenience and tolerability and adverse events were included. \"Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19\" was used to evaluate the SD changes before and six months after the new treatment initiation. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS V.24 software. Histograms and the Shapiro-Wilk test were used to assess the normality of the variables; due to the non-normal distribution of quantitative variables (except for age), the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the scores, before and six months after the medication change. The level of significance was considered less than 0.05.
RESULTS: Out of 107 female participants (average age: 35.09 ± 5.61), The mean of overall MSISQ-19 scores, before and six months after the medication change were not significant (p-value = 0.091). However, considering the subdomains, the medication changes only affected the tertiary subdomain of MSISQ-19 (p-value = 0.017). Still, the scores of other subdomains did not change significantly (p-value = 0.761 for primary SD and 0.479 for secondary SD). Also, there wasn\'t any significant difference between EDSS before and after the medication change (p-value = 0.461).
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this was the first study, assessing the effect of MS medication change on the improvement of SD among patients. According to the results of the presented cross-sectional study, we found that during a six-month period, the tertiary subdomain of MSISQ-19 symptoms improved significantly, while the changes in other SD domains were not significant.