这篇评论的主要重点是向读者介绍迷人的脂质分子类,称为去甲类固醇,探索它们在各种生物群落中的分布及其生物活性。该评论对各种修饰类固醇进行了深入分析,包括A,B,C,和D-去甲类固醇,每个特征都有不同的结构改变。这些修改,从去除特定的甲基到类固醇核心的变化,导致独特的分子结构,显着影响其生物活性和治疗潜力。关于A的讨论,B,C,和D-去甲类固醇揭示了它们独特的构型以及这些结构修饰如何影响它们的药理特性。该评论还提供了来自天然来源的例子,这些例子产生了具有不同结构的多种类固醇,包括前面提到的A,B,C,和D-nor变体。这些化合物来自海绵等海洋生物,软珊瑚,和海星,以及植物等陆地实体,真菌,和细菌。这些类固醇的探索包括它们的生物合成,生态意义,和潜在的医疗应用,突出了药理学和天然产物化学的关键兴趣领域。该综述强调了研究这些类固醇对药物开发的重要性,特别是在解决常规药物不足或缺乏足够治疗选择的疾病方面。提供了去甲类固醇合成的实例来说明该研究的实际应用。
The main focus of this review is to introduce readers to the fascinating class of lipid molecules known as norsteroids, exploring their distribution across various biotopes and their biological activities. The review provides an in-depth analysis of various modified steroids, including A, B, C, and D-norsteroids, each characterized by distinct structural alterations. These modifications, which range from the removal of specific methyl groups to changes in the steroid core, result in unique molecular architectures that significantly impact their biological activity and therapeutic potential. The discussion on A, B, C, and D-norsteroids sheds light on their unique configurations and how these structural modifications influence their pharmacological properties. The review also presents examples from natural sources that produce a diverse array of steroids with distinct structures, including the aforementioned A, B, C, and D-nor variants. These compounds are sourced from marine organisms like sponges, soft corals, and starfish, as well as terrestrial entities such as plants, fungi, and bacteria. The exploration of these steroids encompasses their biosynthesis, ecological significance, and potential medical applications, highlighting a crucial area of interest in pharmacology and natural product chemistry. The review emphasizes the importance of researching these steroids for drug development, particularly in addressing diseases where conventional medications are inadequate or for conditions lacking sufficient therapeutic options. Examples of norsteroid synthesis are provided to illustrate the practical applications of this research.