■小粒冬季谷物可以在温带气候下用作早春牧场,以减轻放牧压力并有可能减轻饲料短缺。进行这项研究是为了确定早春期间绵羊放牧的小黑麦和燕麦谷物牧场对牧草产量的影响,营养价值,和绵羊的营养需求。
■这项研究连续进行了三年,从2015年到2017年,在班德马-巴尔凯斯尔的绵羊研究所,位于蒂尔基耶的马尔马拉地区。治疗安排在一个完全随机的区组设计,两种牧草物种,黑小麦和燕麦,在三个区块中的每一个内随机化。该研究的动物材料包括24只KaracabeyMerino绵羊,每个2岁,平均活重为57.6±0.5公斤,都在哺乳期后期。在每次复制中,包括四只羊,导致小黑麦和燕麦牧场共有12只绵羊放牧。绵羊只在谷物牧场上吃草,没有任何额外的饲料,并且在整个实验期间不受限制地获得水。干物质产量(DMY),干物质摄入量(MDI),营养价值,并测定了谷物的矿物质含量。
■DMY各年差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在牧场之间没有观察到DMY的差异,燕麦产量为11.99tha-1,黑小麦产量为11.08tha-1。在放牧期间,所有年份DMY的变化均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小黑麦的绵羊平均dmi为2,003.5gd-1,燕麦为2,156.6gd-1,分别,和dmi在牧场之间没有显着差异。尽管在2015年至2016年之间的QI没有差异,但最低的消费量出现在2017年(P<0.05)。此外,虽然dmi每年都显示出不同的趋势,到放牧期结束时,它通常会减少。虽然两个牧场都提供了相似的营养价值,在粗蛋白(CP)中观察到显着差异,酸性洗涤剂纤维(ADF),体外真实DM消化率(DDM),和多年来的可代谢能(ME)值。多年来,随着放牧时期的进展,CP水平下降,而中性洗涤剂纤维(NDF),ADF,酸性洗涤剂木质素(ADL)增加,导致DDM和ME值降低。小黑麦中的磷(P)含量高于燕麦,但是它们之间的其他矿物质含量没有差异。几年之间,磷(P)和铁(Fe)的含量存在显着差异,而其他元素的变化微不足道。放牧过程中矿物含量的变化在三年中有所不同。研究结果表明,小黑麦和燕麦牧场的营养价值相似,两者都可以有效地用于提供充足的饲料,以满足绵羊早春的饲草需求。
UNASSIGNED: Small-grain winter cereals can be utilized as early spring pastures in temperate climates to relieve grazing pressure and potentially mitigate feed shortages. This study was conducted to determine the effects of triticale and oat cereal pastures grazed by sheep during early spring on forage yields, nutritive values, and nutritional requirements of sheep.
UNASSIGNED: The research was carried out over three consecutive years, from 2015 to 2017, at the Sheep Research Institute in Bandırma-Balıkesir, located in the Marmara region of Türkiye. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design, with the two forage species, triticale and oat, randomized within each of three blocks. The animal material for the study consisted of 24 Karacabey Merino sheep, each 2 years old, with an average live weight of 57.6 ± 0.5 kg, all in the late lactation stage. In each replication, four sheep were included, resulting in a total of 12 sheep grazing in each of the triticale and oat pastures. The sheep grazed exclusively on the cereal pastures without any additional feed, and had unrestricted access to water throughout the entire period of the experiment. The dry matter yields (DMY), dry matter intakes (DMI), nutritive values, and mineral contents of the cereal species were determined.
UNASSIGNED: The DMY showed significant differences over the years (P < 0.05). No differences in DMY were observed between pastures, with oats yielding 11.99 t ha-1 and triticale yielding 11.08 t ha-1. During the grazing period, the change in DMY was significant in all years (P < 0.05). The average DMI of the sheep was 2,003.5 g d-1 for triticale and 2,156.6 g d-1 for oat, respectively, and DMI exhibited no significant differences across pastures. Although there was no difference in DMI between 2015 and 2016, the lowest consumption occurred in 2017 (P < 0.05). Additionally, while DMI showed different trends each year based on the periods, it generally decreased by the end of the grazing period. While both pastures provided similar nutritive values, significant differences were observed in the crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro true DM digestibility (DDM), and metabolisable energy (ME) values across the years. Over the years, as the grazing period progressed, CP levels decreased while neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ADF, and acid detergent lignin (ADL) increased, resulting in reduced DDM and ME values. The phosphorus (P) content in triticale was higher than in oats, but there were no differences in the content of other minerals between them. Between the years, significant differences were observed in the levels of phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe), while changes in other elements were insignificant. The variation in mineral content during the grazing process differed over the three years. Study results indicated that the nutritional values of triticale and oat pastures are similar, and both can effectively be used to provide sufficient feed to meet the early spring forage requirements for sheep.