This study aimed to investigate the status of the current knowledge about laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) among Chinese otolaryngologists.
Multi-centre cross-sectional survey.
220 medical centres in different regions of China.
A total of 2254 otolaryngologists from 220 medical centres in China who were successfully on-site surveyed between November 2019 and December 2020.
Awareness about LPRD included knowledge about risk factors, symptoms, laryngoscope signs, related diseases, current diagnostic methods and treatments.
The percentage of participants who had heard of LPRD was 96.4%, with academic conferences as the most common source of information (73.3%). The most commonly known risk factor, symptom, laryngoscope sign, related disease, diagnostic method and treatment were alcohol consumption (44.0%), pharyngeal foreign body sensation (66.9%), hyperaemia (52.4%), pharyngolaryngitis (54.8%), pH monitoring (47.6%) and medication (82.1%), respectively. Only 28.3% of all participants knew that 24 h pH or multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring was the most accurate diagnostic test. As many as 73.1% of all participants knew that proton pump inhibitors were the first-line treatment drugs. An analysis of the overall status of awareness using a scoring system suggested that otolaryngologists were better aware owing to more access, working at 3A hospitals, and postgraduate or above educational background (all p<0.05).
Although the majority of Chinese otolaryngologists had heard of LPRD, their overall awareness about the disease was not encouraging. More efforts are needed to increase the knowledge about LPRD among this group of physicians.
ChiCTR1900025581.

Laryngeal cancer is the most prevalent entity of head and neck cancer. Knowing the trends of incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer is important for the reduction in related disease burden.
Population-based observational study.
The incidence and mortality data of laryngeal cancer were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017 online database. The estimated average percentage change was used to quantify the trends of laryngeal cancer incidence and mortality at the global, regional and national levels.
Globally, the numbers of incident cases and deaths due to laryngeal cancer increased 58.7% and 33.9%, respectively, from 1990 to 2017. However, the overall age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rate decreased by 0.99% (95% CI 0.83% to 1.14%) and 1.62% (95% CI 1.50% to 1.74%) per year, respectively. These decreases were ubiquitous worldwide. However, unfavourable trends in the ASIR of laryngeal cancer were also observed in a total of 51 developing countries.
The incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer have significantly decreased at the global level and in most countries over the past three decades. The regions that showed an increasing incidence trend deserve more attention.

UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study is to review the differences between continuous wave (CW) and UltraPulse (UP) on thermal damage of the laser with different power.
UNASSIGNED: Four adult beagle dogs underwent transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) using CO2 laser. The laser emission mode and power was CW (3 W, 5 W, and 8 W) and UP (3 W and 5 W), respectively. The tissue from 4 animals was evaluated histologically on postoperative days 1 and 3. The thermal damage of the laser was measured using slide scan system via SlideViewer version 1.5.5.2 software.
UNASSIGNED: All dogs underwent TLM uneventfully. Under microscope examined, the laser damage area was composed of 2 parts: the vaporized zone (VPZ) and thermal damage area. The thermal damage area can be divided into thermal coagulative necrosis area (TCN) and hydropic degeneration area. The width of VPZ and TCN in UP mode was less than that in CW mode (P < .01). The data indicate that lower laser power created less thermal damage (P < .01). In addition, the width of VPZ on postoperative day 3 was less than that on postoperative day 1 (P < .01).
UNASSIGNED: CO2 laser with UP and lower power could decrease the laser thermal damage and may offer more prompt wound healing.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a cost-effective modified rigid laryngoscopy setup with a portable light source and high-resolution commercially available digital camera for use in smaller otolaryngology and family practice clinics.
METHODS: The modified setup was used to obtain images of the larynx using both a traditional light source and a portable light source. Varying shutter speeds and ISOs were evaluated, and the optimal settings were determined for the modified setup.
RESULTS: Picture quality was adequate, and the portable light source was bright enough. ISO from 640 to 1600 with shutter speeds ranging from 1/60 to 1/160 are ideal under the normal light source, while it is better to set the ISO between 4000 and 10 000 with shutter speeds from 1/60 to 1/100 under the portable light source. Picture quality was adequate with a resolution of 2768 pixels × 1848 pixels with 350 dpi × 350 dpi.
CONCLUSIONS: Results show that the modified setup obtains images of adequate quality for use in the clinic. Additionally, since the larynx requires the most illumination for endoscopic imaging, a similar setup would work for imaging the ear and nose. This setup may make laryngoscopic exams more accessible to patients at smaller laryngoscopy clinics or family practice providers.