人们越来越关注痕量有机污染物(TOPs)对健康和环境的影响。然而,来自城市固体废物(MSW)的新鲜渗滤液已被视为潜在的TOPs库。因此,我们调查了来自中国14个省市的新鲜渗滤液中的90个遗留和新兴TOP。此外,分析了14个渗滤液处理系统中TOPs的归宿和最终排放影响。结果表明,所有样品中90个TOPs的检出率均超过50%。值得注意的是,多氯联苯,禁赛40年,在新鲜渗滤液中经常检测到。假持久性TOP的浓度(105-107ng/L)明显高于持久性TOP的浓度(102-104ng/L)。新鲜渗滤液中TOP的空间分布格局表明,经济,人口,气候,政策影响城市生活垃圾排放。例如,经济发达和人口稠密的地区显示出较高的TOPs浓度,而温暖的气候有利于TOPs从城市生活垃圾中浸出。我们确认,垃圾分类政策是渗滤液中多个TOP下降的关键驱动因素。质量平衡分析表明,当前占主导地位的渗滤液处理系统的最终流出物和污泥含有难降解的TOPs,尤其是全氟烷基酸,必须优先控制。本文是首次在大地理范围内对新鲜渗滤液中的多种TOP进行全面调查。影响发生的因素,空间分布,并揭示了新鲜渗滤液中TOP的命运。为城市生活垃圾及相关渗滤液TOPs管理政策的制定提供了有价值的参考。
There have been growing concerns regarding the health and environmental impacts of trace organic pollutants (TOPs). However, fresh leachate from municipal solid waste (MSW) has been overlooked as a potential reservoir of TOPs. Therefore, we investigated 90 legacy and emerging TOPs in fresh leachate from 14 provinces and municipalities in
China. Additionally, the fate and final discharge impacts of TOPs in 14 leachate treatment systems were analyzed. The results revealed that the detection rate of 90 TOPs was over 50 % in all samples. Notably, polychlorinated biphenyls, banned for 40 years, were frequently detected in fresh leachate. The concentration of pseudo-persistent TOPs (105-107 ng/L) is significantly higher than that of persistent TOPs (102-104 ng/L). Spatial distribution patterns of TOPs in fresh leachate suggest that economy, population, climate, and policies impact TOPs discharge from MSW. For example, economically developed and densely populated areas displayed higher TOPs concentrations, whereas warmer climates facilitate TOPs leaching from MSW. We confirmed that waste classification policies were a key driver of the decline in multiple TOPs in leachate. Mass balance analysis shows that the final effluent and sludge from current dominant leachate treatment systems contain refractory TOPs, especially perfluoroalkyl acids, which must be prioritized for control. This paper was the first comprehensive investigation of multiple TOPs in fresh leachate at a large geographic scale. The factors affecting the occurrence, spatial distribution, and fate of TOPs in fresh leachate were revealed. It provides a valuable reference for the establishment of policies for the management of TOPs in MSW and the associated leachate.