UNASSIGNED: Struma ovarii, a rare ovarian neoplasm originating from germ cells within mature teratomas, typically manifests benign characteristics. However, instances of malignant transformation have been documented.
UNASSIGNED: This report discusses a 25-year-old woman who had surgery in May 2020 to remove teratomas from both ovaries. In 2023, an ultrasound showed a complex mass in her pelvis. Further imaging tests, including CT, MRI, and F-18 FDG PET/CT scans, along with high levels of the CA 125 protein, suggested a mass in her left ovary, initially thought to be ovarian cancer. However, a closer examination after surgery found thyroid tissue and several types of cell growth but no cancer, confirming the diagnosis of struma ovarii. The pathology of hypermetabolic thyroid nodules on F-18 FDG PET/CT confirmed Hashimoto\'s thyroiditis.
UNASSIGNED: This case underscores the importance of considering struma ovarii in the differential diagnosis of ovarian masses, especially in patients with a history of teratomas. It highlights the challenges in distinguishing struma ovarii from ovarian cancer due to similar clinical signs and imaging. Struma ovarii can be associated with Hashimoto\'s thyroiditis.

Ovarian hemangioma is a rare ovarian tumor. The imaging manifestations were rarely mentioned in previous literatures. One of the patients came to hospital with the complaints of an elevation of CA125. Another two patients found a mass in adnexa area accidentally. The oophorectomy procedures were performed and the pathological results of ovarian hemangioma were concluded. We summarized the ultrasound features of three cases retrospectively, of which could provide more information before operation to guide a management direction. A well-defined, regular-shape solid mass in ovary could be considered the possibility of hemangioma, especially when a richly vascularized tumor with prominent blood flow is detected on color Doppler sonography.

This study is to analyze and compare the diagnostic efficacy of the ADNEX model and O-RADS in Northeast China for benign and malignant ovarian-adnexal tumors. From July 2020 to February 2022, ultrasound images of 312 ovarian-adnexal masses included in the study were analyzed retrospectively, and the properties of these masses were identified using the ADNEX model and O-RADS. The diagnostic efficiency of the ADNEX model and O-RADS was analyzed using a ROC curve, and the capacities of the two models in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses at the optimum cutoff value were compared, as well as the consistency of their diagnosis results was evaluated. The study included 312 ovarian-adnexal masses, including 145 malignant masses and 167 benign masses from 287 patients with an average age of (46.8 ± 11.3) years. The AUC of the ADNEX model was 0.974, and the optimum cutoff value was the risk value > 24.2%, with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity being 97.93 and 86.83, respectively. The AUC of the O-RADS was 0.956, and the optimum cutoff value was > O-RADS 3, with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity being 97.24 and 85.03, respectively. The AUCs of the two models were 0.924 and 0.911 at the optimum cutoff values, with no statistical differences between them (P = 0.284). Consistency analysis: the kappa values of the two models for the determination and pathological results of masses were 0.840 and 0.815, respectively, and that for the diagnostic outcomes was 0.910. Both the ADNEX model and O-RADS had good diagnostic performance in people from Northeast China. Their diagnostic capabilities were similar, and diagnostic results were highly consistent at the optimum cutoff values.

Mixed germ cell tumors (mGCTs) involving both the ovaries and sellar region have been rarely reported; thus, they pose significant challenges in clinical management. Our report of a case of a 26-year-old female with left ovarian mGCTs (dysgerminoma + yolk sac tumor) who presented with postoperative headaches and blurred vision contributes new information to the literature on treating mGCTs, which can lead to standardized regimens and sequencing guidelines. A physical examination revealed right temporal hemianopia, and elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein were detected in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sellar region revealed a space-occupying lesion. Pathological examination of the tumor after endoscopic transnasal resection confirmed the diagnosis of mGCTs (germinomas + yolk sac tumor). The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy at reduced dosages. During follow-up, tumor markers remained within normal limits, and there was no evidence of tumor recurrence on sellar region MRI. This case highlights the rarity of the simultaneous occurrence of ovarian and sellar region mGCTs and emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.

UNASSIGNED: Wolffian tumors in females are rare gynecological neoplasms, with fewer than 100 cases reported. Existing literature primarily focuses on the pathology, and reports involving imaging are limited.
UNASSIGNED: This study presents a case of Wolffian tumor, emphasizing its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics to enhance preoperative diagnostic accuracy.
UNASSIGNED: A 56-year-old woman presented with a year-long history of irregular vaginal bleeding. MRI revealed a solid mass in the right adnexal region. On T2-weighted images, the mass exhibited slightly elevated signal intensity with a distinctive low-signal intensity rim. Diffusion-weighted imaging displayed markedly increased signal intensity, and the contrast enhancement was moderate. The patient underwent laparoscopic right adnexectomy and received a Wolffian tumor diagnosis. No recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up.
UNASSIGNED: Wolffian tumors exhibit distinctive MRI presentations. Notably, the prominent low-signal intensity rim on MRI may aid in accurate preoperative tumor diagnosis.

Anastomosing hemangioma (AH) is a rare benign lesion that is asymptomatic in the majority of cases. Herein, we present the case of a 26-year-old woman with acute lower abdominal pain for 5 months. The patient subsequently developed symptoms of hyperestrogenism with prolonged menstrual periods. The possibility of malignancy could not be ruled out via ultrasonography and computed tomography. The tumor was completely removed using laparoscopic surgery, and pathological examination confirmed AH of the ovary.

OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed models have been shown to improve visualization in complex female pelvic tumors. Cinematic rendering (CR) is a 3D imaging technique for computed tomography (CT) images, which creates more realistic images with the ability to enhance imaging of anatomical features for diagnosis. This study was set up to compare two types of 3D models and to validate the use of 3D anatomical techniques for the diagnosis of complex female pelvic tumors.
METHODS: The preclinical, randomized, two-sequence crossover investigation was performed from December 2022 to January 2023 at First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Sixteen residents and 10 attending surgeons assessed the cases of 23 patients with two types of 3D model images. The surgeons were randomly assigned to two assessment sequences (CR-3D model group and CT-3D model group). For each case, participants selected one question that probed fundamental questions about the tumor\'s genesis throughout each assessment period. Following a 4-week washout period, case assessments were transferred to the other image modality.
RESULTS: The main result assessment was the accuracy of the answers. The time to answer the questions and the case assessment questionnaire was added as a secondary outcome. The mean scores in the CR-3D models (19.35 ± 1.87) varied significantly from those in the CT-CR group (16.77 ± 1.8) (P < 0.001), and solving the questions in the CT-3D model sequence (41.96 ± 6.31 s) varied significantly from that in the CR-3D model sequence (52.88 ± 5.95 s) (P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that there were statistically significant variations in the scores of female reproductive tumors, pelvic tumors other than the reproductive system, and retroperitoneal tumors (P = 0.005). Analysis of the assessment questionnaire showed that more surgeons choose CR 3D reconstruction (8.31 ± 0.76 vs 7.15 ± 1.19, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that each 3D reconstruction method has its own advantages. Surgeons feel that CR reconstruction models are a useful technique that can improve their comprehension of complex pelvic tumors, while traditional 3D models have an advantage in terms of speed to diagnosis.

Metal immunotherapy is a novel adjuvant immunotherapy. Mn2+ can activate STING-a type I IFN response protein-that promotes innate immunity and increases anti-tumor activity by promoting macrophage phagocytosis. IL-12, a cytokine that increases the antigen-presenting ability to promote effector T-cell activation, has potent antitumor activity, albeit with severe adverse effects. In this study, we observed that the combination of Mn2+ and IL-12 has a better antitumor effect and possibly reflects a better safety profile, providing a novel approach and theoretical basis for safe and rapid cancer treatment.

To investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in ovarian malignant mesothelioma (OMM).
The clinical and imaging data of 10 pathologically-confirmed OMM patients were analyzed retrospectively.
(1) The patients were 27 years to 70 years old, with an average age of 57.2 ± 15.4 years. Seven patients reported abdominal distension and pain, 1 reported lower abdominal discomfort and decreased appetite, and 2 patients had no symptoms. (2) Two cases of localized OMM with incomplete semi-annular \"capsule\" observed around the localized OMM tumors were reported while 8 cases had diffuse OMM in which the tumor parenchyma showed isointense or slightly hypointense on T1WI, inhomogeneous hyperintense on T2WI, and obviously hyperintense on DWI, with obvious inhomogeneous enhancement after enhancement. Diffuse OMM was not mainly composed of ovarian masses and was mainly characterized by mild ovarian enlargement, nodular and irregular thickening of the peritoneum, cloudy omentum, unclear fat gap, and reticular or irregular thickening, which can fuse into a \"cake-shape\". (3) All 10 patients underwent surgery, while 9 patients underwent systemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy after surgery. All patients with localized OMM survived. Out of the 8 diffuse-type patients, 5 died, 1 was lost to follow-up, and 2 survived.
OMM has certain clinical and imaging characteristics. There is no liquefaction, calcification, or partition in the tumor. The ovarian enlargement in the diffuse lesion is not significant. The diffuse thickening of the peritoneum and omentum with early appearance of mural nodules and ascites in the upper abdomen, help the diagnosis of OMM.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynecologic disease. The most common treatment for OC patients is surgery combined with chemotherapy but most patients at advanced stages eventually develop relapse due to chemoresistance. This study examined the role and function of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) in OC. We observed that the expression of IGF2BP2 mRNA and protein was up-regulated in OC cells and tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. An increase in IGF2BP2 expression at mRNA and protein levels was verified by the analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), respectively. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases were applied to analyze the expression and clinical value of IGF2BP2. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses explored biological functions and the involvement of IGF2BP2 in cell growth. Indeed, the knockdown of IGF2BP2 resulted in the inhibition of OC cell proliferation evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Genomic amplification of IGF2BP2 partly accounted for its overexpression. High expression of IGF2BP2 was associated with signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and drug sensitivity and was correlated with an unfavorable survival outcome in OC patients. Furthermore, the responsiveness of chemotherapy and immunotherapy were analyzed using the \"pRRophetic\" R package and The Cancer Immune Atlas (TCIA) database, respectively. The low expression of IGF2BP2 was associated with chemoresistance but with high tumor microenvironment scores and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, suggesting that immunotherapy may apply in chemoresistant patients. The alteration of IGF2BP2 expression may respond to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Thus, IGF2BP2 shows potential as a therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for OC.