在气候变化的背景下,研究主要国家在温室气体(GHG)排放方面的贡献至关重要。这项研究概述了1970年至2022年世界上污染最严重的国家:美国的全球温室气体排放量。中国,印度,俄罗斯,巴西,印度尼西亚,Japan,伊朗,墨西哥,沙特阿拉伯。这些国家总共约占温室气体排放量的64%。目的是了解各经济部门的影响,如工业,能源,农业,和交通,总体排放。分析强调了人均排放量的差距,波斯湾有较小但主要的产油国,如卡塔尔和阿拉伯联合酋长国,表现出高人均排放水平,而美国和韩国等人口较多的国家显示人均排放量较低,但总排放量显著。研究表明,向可再生能源过渡,提高工业能源效率,促进可持续农业,重新造林,电气化运输是实现联合国可持续发展目标(UNSDG)的关键方法。建议包括鼓励技术创新,执行严格的政府法规和标准,并获得政府对温室气体减排计划的积极支持,金融机构,和商界。强调全球努力应对气候变化以确保可持续未来的紧迫性。
In the context of climate change, it is crucial to examine the contributions of leading countries in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This research provides an overview of global GHG emissions from 1970 to 2022 for the world\'s most polluting countries: the United States,
China, India, Russia, Brazil, Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia. These countries collectively account for approximately 64% of GHG emissions. The aim is to understand the impact of various economic sectors, such as industry, energy, agriculture, and transportation, on overall emissions. The analysis highlights the disparity in per capita emissions, with smaller but major oil-producing countries in the Persian Gulf, such as Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, exhibiting high per capita emission levels, while more populated countries like the United States and South Korea show lower per capita values but significant total emission volumes. The study suggests that transitioning to renewable energy, improving energy efficiency in industry, promoting sustainable agriculture, reforestation, and electrifying transportation are key methods to achieve United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG). Recommendations include encouraging technological innovations, implementing stringent government regulations and standards, and garnering active support for GHG reduction programs from governments, financial institutions, and the business community. The urgency is emphasized for global efforts to combat climate change for ensuring a sustainable future.