黄龙冰(HLB),由亚洲念珠菌引起的毁灭性柑橘病,被亚洲柑橘木虱有效地引导,金雀科(半翅目:Liviidae)。华士顿(Waterston)作为外寄生虫起着至关重要的作用,捕食D.citri若虫.通过使用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)从D.citri的五龄若虫中收集和鉴定顶空挥发物,我们获得了9种挥发性化合物的集合。随后选择这些化合物来研究雌性T.radiata的电生理和行为反应。浓度为10μg/μl时,9个化合物与顺式-3-己烯-1-醇(对照)比较,导致反式-2-壬烯醛诱导最高的相对触角图(EAG)值,其次是己醛,庚醛,正十七烷,十四烷醛,正十四烷,正十五烷,1-十四醇,和1-十二烷醇。通过EAG剂量反应实验进一步研究了雌性T.radiata对这些化合物的前5个EAG反应。结果显示,随着浓度从0.01μg/μl增加到10μg/μl,阳性剂量-反应。在Y管嗅觉仪生物测定中,雌性T.radiata表现出对特定化合物的偏爱。它们被浓度为10µg/µl的十四烷醛和浓度为0.01µg/µl的反式-2-壬烯醛显著吸引,虽然没有观察到对己醛的显著吸引力,庚醛,或者正十七烷.我们的报告是第一个证明由D.citri若虫产生的挥发物吸引T.radiata,这表明这种寄生虫可能利用若虫挥发物来定位其宿主。
Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, is efficiently vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) plays a crucial role as an ectoparasitoid, preying on D. citri nymphs. By collecting and identifying headspace volatiles from fifth instar nymphs of D. citri using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), we obtained a collection of 9 volatile compounds. These compounds were subsequently chosen to investigate the electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female T. radiata. At a concentration of 10 μg/μl, 9 compounds were compared with cis-3-hexen-1-ol (control), resulting in trans-2-nonenal inducing the highest relative electroantennogram (EAG) value, followed by hexanal, heptanal, n-heptadecane, tetradecanal, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, 1-tetradecanol, and 1-dodecanol. The top 5 EAG responses of female T. radiata to these compounds were further investigated through EAG dose-response experiments. The results showed positive dose-responses as concentrations increased from 0.01 to 10 μg/μl. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, female T. radiata exhibited a preference for specific compounds. They were significantly attracted to tetradecanal at a concentration of 10 µg/µl and trans-2-nonenal at 0.01 µg/µl, while no significant attraction was observed toward hexanal, heptanal, or n-heptadecane. Our report is the first to demonstrate that volatiles produced by D. citri nymphs attract T. radiata, which suggests that this parasitoid may utilize nymph volatiles to locate its host.