■在时间限制下进行视觉显示终端(VDT)视觉搜索任务在安全检查等领域具有广泛的应用,医学诊断,和救援行动。虽然过度的时间压力会损害性能,适度的时间压力可以激励个人完成任务并提高生产率。调查时间压力对视觉搜索任务的积极影响已成为研究的关键领域。时钟时序在可视化界面中起着至关重要的作用,影响时间压力的感知并影响视觉搜索性能。然而,现有研究很少关注VDT视觉界面中时间压力的诱导和时钟时序对视觉搜索性能的影响。因此,这项研究的目的是研究在时间限制下时钟定时对VDT视觉搜索性能的影响。
■实验任务的内容是通过中试实验确定的。正式实验分六个阶段进行。参与者的任务是找到嵌入在干扰者字母“F”中的字母“E”,\"在界面上方显示一个时钟区域。实验的第一阶段包括没有时钟的条件,4分钟时钟定时,和4分钟倒计时时钟定时。在实验的第二阶段,时钟显示方法是倒计时时钟,进行了三个长时间的实验,中等时间,和短的时间。搜索速度和准确性被用作主要性能评估指标,以检查时钟计时方法和持续时间对视觉搜索性能的影响。21名本科生参加了正式实验。
■在实验的第一阶段,与没有时钟显示的任务相比,参与者在存在时钟显示的任务中表现出明显更快的反应时间(RTs)(ANOVA,F(2,60)=4.588,P=0.014)。然而,在不同的计时条件下,准确率没有显著差异(方差分析,F(2,60)=0.146,P=0.865),RTs与准确性之间没有显着相关性(Kendall\sR=0.11,P=0.914)。在第二阶段,随着时间限制变得更加严格,RT显著下降(方差分析,F(2,60)=7.564,P<0.05)。相反,在较短的时间限制下,准确率显著下降(方差分析,F(2,60)=4.315,P<0.05,RTs与准确性之间呈负相关(Kendall\sR=0.220,P<0.01)。
■与没有时钟显示的条件相比,具有时钟显示显着提高了视觉搜索任务的速度,尽管准确性差异无统计学意义。在时钟倒计时限制较短的情况下,更短的定时约束导致更快的搜索速度,但也导致降低的准确度和增加的疲劳。总的来说,视觉任务中的搜索速度和准确性之间存在相关性,较高的速度通常与较低的精度相关。这些发现为时间压力下的视觉搜索界面的时钟时序设计提供了有价值的见解。
UNASSIGNED: Conducting Visual Display Terminal (VDT) visual search tasks under time constraint has broad applications in fields such as security checks, medical diagnostics, and rescue operations. While excessive time pressure can impair performance, moderate time pressure can motivate individuals to complete tasks and increase productivity. Investigating the positive impact of time pressure on visual search tasks has become a crucial area of study. Clock timing plays a vital role in the visual interface, influencing the perception of time pressure and impacting visual search performance. However, existing research has paid little attention to the induction of time pressure and the impact of clock timing in VDT visual interfaces on visual search performance. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the impact of clock timing on VDT visual search performance under time constraint.
UNASSIGNED: The content of the experimental tasks was determined through a pilot experiment. The formal experiment was conducted in two phases over six sessions. Participants were tasked with locating the letter \"E\" embedded within the distractor letter \"F,\" displayed with a clock area above the interface. The first phase of experiments included conditions of no clock, 4-min clock timing, and 4-min countdown clock timing. In the second phase of the experiment, the clock display method was a countdown clock, with three experiments conducted featuring long time, medium time, and short time. Search speed and accuracy were used as primary performance evaluation metrics to examine the impact of clock timing methods and duration on visual search performance. Twenty-one undergraduate students participated in the formal experiment.
UNASSIGNED: In the first phase of experiments, participants demonstrated significantly faster reaction times (RTs) in tasks where a clock display was present compared to tasks without (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 4.588, P = 0.014). However, there were no significant differences in accuracy rates across different timing conditions (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 0.146, P = 0.865), and no significant correlation between RTs and accuracy was found (Kendall\'s R = 0.11, P = 0.914). During the second phase, RTs decreased significantly as time constraints became more stringent (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 7.564, P < 0.05). Conversely, accuracy rates decreased significantly under shorter time constraints (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 4.315, P < 0.05), with a negative correlation observed between RTs and accuracy (Kendall\'s R = 0.220, P < 0.01).
UNASSIGNED: Compared to conditions without clock displays, having clock displays significantly improved the speed of the visual search task, although the difference in accuracy was not statistically significant. In the context of shorter clock countdown limits, Shorter timing constraints resulted in faster search speeds but also led to reduced accuracy and increased fatigue. Overall, a correlation exists between search speed and accuracy in visual tasks, where higher speed often correlates with lower accuracy. These findings provide valuable insights into clock timing design for visual search interfaces under time pressure.