目的:研究使用全大写的单词识别效果(例如,瓦伦西亚)或标题案例(例如,瓦伦西亚)交通标志中的城市名称,控制单词大小,并比较固定和动态观看情况。
背景:先前的研究提供了关于单词大小写对交通标志中城市名称识别的影响的混合证据。此外,关于视觉运动对这些影响的潜在影响的证据很少。
方法:我们使用模拟交通标志进行了实验研究。任务是指出,对于每个标志,是否包含给定的城市名称(单词搜索任务,50%阳性试验)。标志的视觉运动被操纵为参与者之间的因素:静止(标志是静止的)与动态的(标志扩展,好像参与者正在接近它)。单词大小写是作为参与者内部因素进行操作的:全大写与两个标题大小写条件的字体大小不同:宽度匹配的标题大小写和点大小匹配的标题大小写。
结果:在静态和动态条件下,与宽度匹配的标题大小写相比,全大写导致更多的错误响应和更慢的延迟。与点大小匹配的标题大小写相比,全大写在静止状态下产生较慢的正确响应,而在动态条件下更快。
结论:其他因素相同,在交通标志中,全大写的城市名称将被识别为比其标题形式更糟糕的名称,在静止和动态情况下。
结论:当前实验研究的结果将对交通标志的设计和其他文本呈现在运动中的情况感兴趣。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the word recognition effects of the use of all-uppercase (e.g., VALENCIA) or titled-
case (e.g., Valencia) for city names in traffic signs, controlling for word size, and comparing stationary and dynamic viewing situations.
BACKGROUND: Prior studies provide mixed evidence regarding the effects of word
case on the recognition of city names in traffic signs. Moreover, the evidence on the potential impact of visual motion on these effects is scarce.
METHODS: We carried out an experimental study using simulated traffic signs. The task was to indicate, for each sign, whether it contained a given city name or not (word search task, 50% positive trials). Visual motion of signs was manipulated as a between-participants factor: stationary (the sign was still) versus dynamic (the sign expanded as if the participant was approaching to it). Word
case was manipulated as a within-participants factor: all-uppercase versus two titled-
case conditions varying in font size: width-matched titled-
case and point size-matched titled-
case.
RESULTS: In both the stationary and dynamic conditions, all-uppercase resulted in more incorrect responses and slower latencies than width-matched titled-case. When compared to point size-matched titled-
case, all-uppercase produced slower correct responses in the stationary condition, whereas faster in the dynamic condition.
CONCLUSIONS: Other factors being equal, all-uppercase city names will be recognized worse than their titled-case versions in traffic signs, both in stationary and dynamic situations.
CONCLUSIONS: Results in the current experimental study would be of interest in the design of traffic signs and other circumstances in which text is presented in motion.