目的:本研究旨在比较印度人群中颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMDs)患者的危险因素和相关临床表现。
方法:根据颞下颌疾病诊断标准(DC/TMD)对52例患者进行了研究,并与48例对照进行了比较。研究组的平均年龄为30.96±11.60岁,41%为男性,59%为女性。对照组的平均年龄为31.5±9.9岁(男性占37.5%),测量TMD危险因素的差异(自我感知的压力,假肢,咬合干扰,正畸治疗史,和/或提取)。
结果:在选定的受试者中观察到的最常见的体征是关节声音(点击)(42%),其次是下颌偏斜39%是第二常见的体征。肌筋膜疼痛(MFP)(单个或多个诊断)是最常见的诊断(n=40,76%),其次是椎间盘位移减少(DDWR)(32.1%),关节痛(30%),和椎间盘位移不减少(DDWoR)(7.6%)。在63.2%的患者中建立了一个以上的DC/TMD诊断。危险因素如握紧,压力感知,假肢,牙齿磨损,在所有情况下,咬合干扰的频率明显高于相应的对照组。
结论:在研究人群中,发现TMD的存在与女性性别、parafunction,咬合干扰,心理压力,牙齿磨损。肌筋膜疼痛是最常见的诊断(单一或组合)。其次是DDWR(单个或与其他组合)。双重诊断也很常见。
结论:颞下颌关节紊乱病表现为女性好发,与相关因素呈正相关,viz.,parafunction,咬合干扰,压力,牙齿磨损。临床医生还应了解TMDs的常见临床表现及其相关的口颌危险因素,以提供全面的口腔护理并确定此类因素以预防疾病。
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to compare the risk factors and associated clinical manifestations of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in the Indian population.
METHODS: A total of 52 patients were explored according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and compared with 48 controls. The mean age of the study group was 30.96 ± 11.60 years, 41% were males and 59% were females. The mean age in the control group was 31.5 ± 9.9 years (37.5% males), measuring differences in TMD risk factors (self-perceived stress, parafunctions, occlusal interferences, history of orthodontic treatment, and/or extraction).
RESULTS: The most common sign observed in the selected subjects was the joint sound (clicking) (42%), followed by mandibular deviation 39% as the second most common sign. Myofascial pain (MFP) (single or multiple diagnoses) was the most frequent diagnosis (n = 40, 76%), followed by disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) (32.1%), arthralgia (30%), and disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) (7.6%). More than one DC/TMD diagnosis was established in 63.2% of the patients. The risk factors like presence of clenching, stress perception, parafunctions, tooth wear, and occlusal interferences were significantly more frequent in all the cases than in the respective controls.
CONCLUSIONS: In the studied population, the presence of TMD was found to be positively related to factors namely female gender, parafunction, occlusal interferences, psychological stress, and tooth wear. Myofascial pain is the commonest diagnosis (either single or in combination). It is followed by DDWR (either single or in combination with others). Double diagnosis is also common.
CONCLUSIONS: Temporomandibular disorders showed a female predilection and were found to be positively related to factors, viz., parafunction, occlusal interferences, stress, and tooth wear. Clinicians should also be aware of common clinical manifestations of TMDs and their related stomatognathic risk factors to provide comprehensive oral care and to identify such factors for disease prevention.