OBJECTIVE: The present systematic review with a network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to evaluate the effect of high-power lasers, associated or not with fluoride compounds, to control and prevent Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW).
METHODS: The review was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42021242547) and followed the PICO question: P (population): enamel and dentin substrate; I (Intervention): high-power laser irradiation, associated or not with fluoride compounds; C (Control): no-treatment; and O (Outcomes): prevention/control of ETW. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched. Two independent reviewers evaluated in vitro and in situ studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoBDEMAT tool. The estimated treatment effect derived from direct and indirect comparisons were analyzed and the difference between these effects was calculated based on the data of enamel and dentin surface loss (in μm).
RESULTS: A total of 179 studies were retrieved and after the exclusion of duplicates, 103 studies had their titles and abstracts evaluated. Thirty-nine studies had their full text analyzed for data extraction (Cohen Kappa = 0.88). For sound enamel, the laser irradiation (L), fluoride application (F) and, the association of treatments (L + F) promoted higher protection than No-Treatment (NT). For eroded enamel, L + F and F did not differ, but both treatments reduced surface loss compared to NT and L. For sound and eroded dentin, treatments with laser increased surface loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Although a high-power laser has some potential to prevent erosive tooth wear, this effect is not better than that of standard fluoride. The use of laser in the management of dentin erosive wear can be harmful.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review assessed the morphological characteristics of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL), among clinical and ex-vivo studies assessed by observational and imaging methods.
METHODS: The search strategy was conducted on four online databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science) and grey literature (Google Scholar and OpenGrey). The study selection was performed by three reviewers from March to September (2023). The eligibility criteria were established according to the PICO strategy and included NCCL, morphological characteristics and clinical and ex-vivo study designs. The data extraction considered general data that identifies the study, evaluation method, parameter to assess the outcome and the main results for each study. The risk of bias was evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool, and a personalized tool.
RESULTS: The search resulted in 252 studies. A total of 14 studies were included. Prevalence of NCCLs ranged from 3.5 %to 77.78 % with a higher presence in premolars. Common characteristics were wear facets, occluded tubules or cracks, occlusal stress, scratch marks, dimples and craters, structure loss, and dentin sclerosis, which appear more often on buccal surface and were generally classified as wedge-shaped, saucer-shaped. Etiological hypothesis was mainly related to multifactorial factors. In most of the studies, the risk of bias was classified as high.
CONCLUSIONS: The morphological characteristics of NCCL showed a wide range of descriptions regarding appearance, prevalence, lesion-related measures, and macro and microscopic descriptions.

Tooth wear is an increasingly common problem that affects the quality of life. Although previous research suggested that oral health is adversely affected in individuals with Parkinson\'s disease (PD) compared to healthy controls, tooth wear has not been extensively studied in this context. Particularly, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence and risk factors associated with tooth wear in PD patients. The aim of this study is to review the current literature on the prevalence and risk factors of tooth wear in PD patients and to propose hypotheses for future research on this topic. A literature search was conducted in PubMed. A total of 4 publications were identified: 1 case report and 3 questionnaire-based studies. These articles suggest that tooth wear is a more significant issue in PD patients than in healthy controls. In addition, potential associations between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), bruxism and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain on the one hand, and tooth wear on the other hand, were identified in PD patients. Due to the limited number of articles published on this topic, it is not possible to definitively conclude whether tooth wear is a common problem in PD patients. However, the following hypotheses could be formulated: 1) tooth wear is more prevalent in PD patients than in healthy controls; 2) risk factors for tooth wear observed in healthy individuals are more prevalent among PD patients; and 3) multiple risk factors for tooth wear likely coexist in people with PD, potentially influencing the prevalence and progression of tooth wear in this population.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this umbrella review was to systematically review the systematic reviews on antagonist enamel wear opposing zirconia crowns compared to other ceramics and natural enamel.
METHODS: This was an umbrella review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
METHODS: An electronic search of PubMed, Cochrane Central, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar search engines for articles published from January 1, 2013, to January 1, 2023, was conducted using keywords \"enamel wear,\" \"zirconia,\" \"feldspathic,\" \"dental ceramics,\" and \"Y-TZP\" to identify systematic reviews on antagonist enamel wear opposing zirconia crowns compared to other ceramics and natural enamel.
METHODS: Qualitative analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 86 articles were obtained through electronic search, of which four articles were selected after abstract screening that met the inclusion criteria for evaluating antagonist enamel wear. As compared to feldspathic groups, zirconia had substantially less antagonist wear, while surface polishing exhibited less enamel wear than glazing. Because of the heterogeneity in study design, measurement methods, and outcome variables, a meta-analysis was not possible.
CONCLUSIONS: Over time, the opposing enamel wear caused by polished monolithic zirconia will be either equal to or less than that of natural enamel wear. Polished monolithic zirconia also maintains lower values of enamel wear compared to metal ceramics, feldspathic porcelains, and lithium disilicate.

Severe tooth wear is related to substantial loss of tooth structure, with dentin exposure and significant loss (≥1/3) of the clinical crown. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize and analyze the scientific evidence regarding the mechanical performance of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite resin and CAD/CAM lithium disilicate ceramic occlusal veneers, in terms of fatigue and fracture resistance, on severely worn posterior teeth. Currently, occlusal veneers are an alternative for treating worn posterior teeth. Although scientific evidence demonstrates the good performance of lithium disilicate occlusal veneers, there are less brittle materials with a modulus of elasticity more similar to dentin than ceramics, such as resin CAD/CAM blocks. Therefore, it is important to identify which type of material is best for restoring teeth with occlusal wear defects and which material can provide better clinical performance. This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, OpenGrey, Redalyc, DSpace, and Grey Literature Report databases was conducted and supplemented by a manual search, with no time or language limitations, until January 2022. We aimed to identify studies evaluating the fatigue and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM composite resin and ceramic occlusal veneers. The quality of the full-text articles was evaluated according to the modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) criteria for in vitro studies, and 400 articles were initially identified. After removing duplicates and applying the selection criteria, 6 studies were included in the review. The results demonstrated that the mechanical performance of CAD/CAM composite resin occlusal veneers is comparable to that of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate occlusal veneers in terms of fatigue and fracture resistance.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to map evidence on the relationship between hard drug use and dental wear. The scoping review is guided by the question: What is the relationship between hard drug consumption and dental wear?
METHODS: Adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, searches were conducted across PubMed, Embase, and four databases in March 2024. Inclusion criteria included studies investigating the association between hard drug use and dental wear, regardless of publication date or language. Data were presented through narrative exposition, tables, and a conceptual framework.
RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies (four case-control, three cross-sectional, five case reports, and sixteen literature reviews) were included. Among case-control studies, 75% observed an association between drug use and dental erosion; however, no cross-sectional studies demonstrated this association. Despite questionable quality, reviews established connections between drug use and dental erosion. Studies aimed to elucidate potential causes for dental erosion.
CONCLUSIONS: Analysis suggests a potential link between hard drug use and dental wear, though indirect. Factors like bruxism and reduced salivary pH may contribute to dental wear among drug users. Further investigation through primary studies exploring this relationship is necessary.
CONCLUSIONS: Dentists should focus not only on clinical characteristics of dental wear but also on mediating factors such as bruxism and decreased salivary pH associated with drug use. This holistic approach allows for a deeper understanding of dental wear mechanisms, enabling targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions.

BACKGROUND: Tooth brushing is a universal recommendation. However, the recommendations related to the time of its execution are conflicting, especially when dealing with patients at risk of erosive tooth wear (ETW) or dental caries.
CONCLUSIONS: Our objective was to summarize the evidence on the timing of brushing with fluoridated toothpaste in relation to ETW and cariogenic dietary challenges. We conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist, using three databases searching for in vivo, in situ, or in vitro studies involving human teeth exposed to either a cariogenic or an erosive challenge. Only models including human saliva and fluoride were assessed. Data selection, extraction, and risk of bias analysis were done in duplicate and independently. From 1,545 identified studies, 17 (16 related to ETW and 1 to dental caries) were included. Most evidence (n = 10) supported that brushing with a fluoride-containing product does not increase ETW, independent of the moment of brushing. Delaying tooth brushing up to 1 h (n = 4) or individualized recommendations based on the patient\'s problem (n = 2) were less frequent. Only one study reported that brushing pre- or post-meal does not affect Streptococcus mutans counts. Most data were in situ (n = 13), and the overall study quality was judged as sufficient/low risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the available evidence lacked robust clinical studies, tooth brushing using fluoridated products immediately after an erosive challenge does not increase the risk of ETW and can be recommended, which is in line with recommendations for dental caries prevention. Furthermore, we suggest updating the international guidelines to promote individualized recommendations based on risk factors to prevent either ETW or dental caries.

This study presents a scoping review to determine the association between tooth wear and bruxism.
A protocol was developed a priori (Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/CS7JX)). Established scoping review methods were used for screening, data extraction, and synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed using JBI tools. Direct associations between tooth wear and bruxism were assessed.
Embase, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PubMed were searched.
Any clinical study containing tooth wear and bruxism assessment done on humans in any language was included. Animal, in-vitro studies and case reports were excluded.
Thirty publications reporting on the association between tooth wear and bruxism were included. The majority of publications were cross-sectional studies (90%) while only three were longitudinal (10%). Eleven papers assessed definitive bruxism for analysis (instrumental tools), one paper assessed probable bruxism (clinical inspection with self-report) and eighteen assessed possible bruxism (self-report). Of the eleven papers assessing definitive bruxism, eight also reported outcomes of non-instrumental tools. Tooth wear was mostly scored using indexes. Most studies reported no or weak associations between tooth wear and bruxism, except for the studies done on cervical tooth wear. When bruxism assessment was done through self-report, more often an association was found. Studies using multivariate analyses did not find an association between tooth wear and bruxism, except the cervical wear studies. Evidence shows inconclusive results as to whether bruxism and tooth wear are related or not. Therefore, well-designed longitudinal trials are needed to address this gap in the literature.
Based on the evidence, dental clinicians should not infer bruxism activity solely on the presence of tooth wear.

Erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial condition. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify key risk factors for erosive tooth wear in permanent dentition.
Observational studies reporting anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cross-sectional studies. Risk factors were visually presented in a heatmap, and where possible, random-effects meta-analyses were performed for the odds ratios (ORs) of risk factors.
Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) and manual searches in February 2023. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD4202339776).
A total of 87 publications reporting on 71 studies were included in the systematic review. The studies examined a variety of anamnestic risk factors (n = 80) that were categorized into ten domains (socio-demographics, socio-economics, general health, oral diseases, medication, oral hygiene, food, beverages, dietary habits, and leisure-related risk factors). Meta-analyses revealed significant associations between erosive tooth wear and male gender (padj.<0.001; OR=1.30, 95 % CI: 1.16-1.44), regurgitation (padj.=0.033; OR=2.27, 95 % CI: 1.41-3.65), digestive disorders (padj.<0.001; OR=1.81, 95 % CI: 1.48-2.21), consumption of acidic foods (padj.=0.033; OR=2.40, 95 % CI: 1.44-4.00), seasoning sauces (padj.=0.003; OR=1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.44), nutritional supplements (padj.=0.019; OR=1.73, 95 % CI: 1.28-2.35), and carbonated drinks (padj.=0.019; OR=1.43, 95 % CI: 1.17-1.75). Most included studies exhibited low bias risk.
Observational studies investigated a variety of anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear. Future studies should employ validated questionnaires, particularly considering the most important risk factors.
Erosive tooth wear is a prevalent condition. Clinicians should concentrate primarily on symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and dietary factors when screening patients at risk for erosive tooth wear.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of observational studies searching the association between salivary factors (amount and quality of saliva) and noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) in individuals with permanent dentition.
METHODS: Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies performed in humans with permanent dentition (population) and considering noncarious cervical lesions (outcome) in association with salivary characteristics (exposure) were included. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS/BBO, Scopus, Embase, IBCT, NICE, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar were searched, with no language or date restrictions. Of 6561 potentially eligible studies, 142 were selected for full-text analysis. Three reviewers independently selected the studies, performed data extraction, and quality analysis through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS: Finally, ten references were included in the review, four case-control and six cross-sectional studies. Several salivary parameters were evaluated. Some parameters were considered associated with the presence of noncarious cervical lesions: salivary buffering capacity, salivary pH, citric acid, and calcium and potassium levels. The methodological quality varied across studies, with high heterogeneity among them.
CONCLUSIONS: Some associations between saliva and NCCL suggesting protective factors and others risk factors were found. However, the evidence is sparse and comes from a few studies with great heterogeneity. New scientific evidence, with standardized methods, should be encouraged. Understanding salivary parameters that influence the occurrence of NCCL is important to guide dentists in relation to etiological factors that could potentially be neglected. The results may help in the development of new and early diagnostic methods and treatments for noncarious cervical lesions.