目的:对有害产品征税,服务,实践会影响消费者的选择,有效预防疾病,降低医疗费用。这项研究的目的是调查税收作为有害产品管理中强大的金融工具的作用,服务,和实践,以维持和改善公共卫生,并保持卫生保健系统的财务可持续性。
方法:这项定性研究于2020-2021年进行。为了收集本研究的信息,进行了半结构化访谈。使用目的性和雪球抽样方法,38名经理,政策制定者,经济学家,主要专家接受了采访。采用内容分析法对数据进行分析。转录的访谈被进一步导入MAXQDA进行分类,并提取了相关代码。
结果:在这项研究中,标记了6个主要主题和19个次主题。主要主题包括1)目标,影响,以及有害产品征税的要求,服务,和实践,2)定义,实例,弹性,和有害产品的分级,服务,和实践,3)在控制有害产品方面的问题,服务,和实践,4)控制有害产品,服务,和实践,5)交通违法和事故,和社会危害,6)税收使用和医疗保健份额。对有害产品征税的影响包括减少对这些产品的获取,减少对有害产品的需求,和促进公共卫生。
结论:有害产品,服务,和实践对个人的健康和财务有重大影响,家庭,和社会。为了改善公众健康,对这些产品和服务的需求可以通过税收措施来控制,以推动消费者转向危害较小的替代品。
Levying a
tax on harmful products, services, and practices can affect consumer choices, effectively preventing diseases and reducing health care costs. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of taxation as a powerful financial tool in the management of harmful products, services, and practices to maintain and improve public health and preserve the financial sustainability of the health care system.
This qualitative
study was conducted in 2020-2021. In order to collect information for this
study, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Using purposive and snowball sampling methods, 38 managers, policymakers, economists, and key experts were interviewed. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. The transcribed interviews were further imported into MAXQDA for classification, and relevant codes were extracted.
In this
study, 6 main themes and 19 subthemes were labeled. The main themes included 1) objectives, effects, and requirements of the taxation of harmful products, services, and practices, 2) definition, instances, elasticity, and grading of harmful products, services, and practices, 3) Problems in controlling harmful products, services, and practices, 4) controlling harmful products, services, and practices, 5) traffic violations and accidents, and social harms, and 6)
tax revenue use and the share of health care. The effects of taxing harmful products include reduced access to these products, reduced demand for harmful products, and the promotion of public health.
Harmful products, services, and practices have major health and financial implications for individuals, families, and society. To improve public health, the demand for these products and services can be controlled through taxation measures to push consumers toward less harmful alternatives.