尽管儿科医院已经存在了几十年,缺乏对医疗保健专业人员为什么以及如何在临床实践中使用游戏的共同理解。本研究旨在就医院干预和实践的一套共同原则和能力达成共识。我们进行了三轮Delphi研究,其中包括医院管理部门选择的医疗保健专业人员。第一轮包括关于在临床实践中使用游戏的开放式问题。原则和能力,包括学习目标,是通过迭代过程使用内容分析建立的。参与者在第二轮和第三轮中对每个原则和学习目标的重要性进行了评估。在66名参与者中,45(68%)在第1轮中做出了回应,在第2轮和第3轮中做出了41(62%)。与会者代表了十个国家和九个不同的卫生专业。三轮过后,我们确定了33项原则和6项总体能力:建立信任关系;传递信息和增进理解;促进合作和参与;减少与程序相关的焦虑和痛苦;支持应对和发展;确保专业的游戏方法,其中包括20个学习目标。结论:根据医疗保健专业人员的说法,在临床实践中发挥可用于与儿科患者沟通和建立关系,从而可能有助于提供以患者为中心的护理。我们的发现可能有助于指导和优先考虑未来的研究计划,并在医院中实施游戏干预措施和实践。已知:•证据表明,在临床实践中使用游戏可以在住院期间帮助儿科患者。尽管有证据支持游戏的使用,需要对儿科医疗保健专业人员为什么以及如何使用游戏有共同的理解。新增内容:•这项国际Delphi研究有助于对原则的共同跨专业理解,在临床实践中使用游戏的能力和学习目标。•这些发现有可能帮助制定针对医疗保健专业人员的培训计划,利用游戏以患者为中心的方法提供护理。
Although
play has existed in paediatric hospitals for decades, a shared understanding of why and how healthcare professionals use
play in clinical practice is lacking. This study aims to reach
consensus on a common set of principles and competencies for
play interventions and practices in hospitals. We conducted a three-round Delphi study that included healthcare professionals selected by hospital management. The first round comprised open-ended questions on the use of
play in clinical practice. Principles and competencies, including learning objectives, were established using content analysis through an iterative process. Participants rated the importance of each principle and learning objective in the second and third rounds. Among the 66 participants, 45 (68%) responded in round 1 and 41 (62%) in rounds 2 and 3. The participants represented ten countries and nine different health professions. After the three rounds, we identified 33 principles and six overall competencies: building trusting relationships; delivering information and increasing understanding; promoting cooperation and participation; reducing procedure-related anxiety and pain; supporting coping and development; and ensuring a professional approach to play, which comprised 20 learning objectives. Conclusion: According to healthcare professionals, play in clinical practice can be used to communicate and build relationships with paediatric patients and thus potentially help provide patient-centred care. Our findings may help guide and prioritize future research initiatives and operationalize play interventions and practices in hospitals. What is Known: • Evidence suggests that using play in clinical practice can help paediatric patients during hospitals stays. • Despite the evidence supporting the use of play, a shared understanding of why and how paediatric healthcare professionals use
play is needed. What is New: • This international Delphi study contributes to a shared interprofessional understanding of the principles, competencies and learning objectives for the use of play in clinical practice. • The findings have the potential to aid initiatives in developing training programmes for healthcare professionals in using play to provide care with a patient-centred approach.