■世界人口正在老龄化,但预期寿命的增长超过了健康预期寿命(HALE)。关于大脑和认知,神经退行性疾病的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,影响健康和生活质量,并施加巨大的医疗保健成本。尽管体育锻炼对老年认知的影响已被广泛探讨,缺乏对运动引起的认知改善的潜在机制的深入基础知识。最近的研究表明,肌细胞,通过收缩骨骼肌释放到血液循环中的因子,可能在调节运动对认知的有益影响中发挥作用。在这项正在进行的(生活)审查中,我们的目标是不断绘制有关急性或慢性运动诱发的肌动蛋白与运动增强的认知域之间的途径的快速积累的知识。
■将在基线和每6个月系统地收集随机对照研究,为期至少5年。文献检索将在PubMed中在线进行,EMBASE,PsycINFO,WebofScience,SportDiscus,LILACS,IBECS,CINAHL,Scopus,ICTRP,和ClinicalTrials.gov.使用修订的Cochrane偏差风险工具(ROB2)评估偏差风险。将使用荟萃分析结构方程模型(MASEM)进行随机效应荟萃分析和调解分析。主要的研究问题是运动诱导的肌动力在多大程度上充当认知功能的介体。其次,特定运动特征的汇集效应大小(例如,运动方式)或特定的老年人群(例如,认知障碍)关于运动之间的关系,Myokines,和认知将被评估。审查方案在PROSPERO(CRD42023416996)中注册。
■了解运动之间的三合会关系,肌肉和认知将扩大对骨骼肌和其他器官如大脑之间通信的多个集成网络系统的知识,从而调节运动对健康和表现的有益影响。它也可能有实际的影响,例如,如果发现某种Myokine是运动和认知之间的媒介,可以规定诱导这种肌细胞的最佳运动特征。生活回顾有望改善我们的知识状况,并完善锻炼制度,以增强不同老年人群的认知功能。
■系统评价和荟萃分析方案于2023年4月24日在国际前瞻性系统评价登记册(PROSPERO)注册(注册号为CRD42023416996)。
UNASSIGNED: The world\'s population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life expectancy (HALE). With respect to brain and cognition, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, affecting health and quality of life, and imposing significant healthcare costs. Although the effects of physical exercise on cognition in advanced age have been widely explored, in-depth fundamental knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the exercise-induced cognitive improvements is lacking. Recent research suggests that myokines, factors released into the blood circulation by contracting skeletal muscle, may play a role in mediating the beneficial effect of exercise on cognition. Our goal in this ongoing (living)
review is to continuously map the rapidly accumulating knowledge on pathways between acute or chronic exercise-induced myokines and cognitive domains enhanced by exercise.
UNASSIGNED: Randomized controlled studies will be systematically collected at baseline and every 6 months for at least 5 years. Literature search will be performed online in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDiscus, LILACS, IBECS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2). A random effects meta-analysis with mediation analysis using meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) will be performed. The primary research question is to what extent exercise-induced myokines serve as mediators of cognitive function. Secondarily, the pooled effect size of specific exercise characteristics (e.g., mode of exercise) or specific older adults\' populations (e.g., cognitively impaired) on the relationship between exercise, myokines, and cognition will be assessed. The
review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416996).
UNASSIGNED: Understanding the triad relationship between exercise, myokines and cognition will expand the knowledge on multiple integrated network systems communicating between skeletal muscles and other organs such as the brain, thus mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. It may also have practical implications, e.g., if a certain
myokine is found to be a mediator between exercise and cognition, the optimal exercise characteristics for inducing this
myokine can be prescribed. The living
review is expected to improve our state of knowledge and refine exercise regimes for enhancing cognitive functioning in diverse older adults\' populations.
UNASSIGNED: Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the 24th of April 2023 (registration number CRD42023416996).