Lasers and energy-based technologies have been developed for genitourinary applications over the past several decades.
This consensus article aims to categorize the published articles and clinical trial data that culminated in protocol development of technology for genitourinary applications, and to develop consistent parameters in future clinical trials.
The published articles and clinical trials data on lasers and energy-based devices applied to genitourinary conditions were categorized according to device and condition and consensus developed on protocols and parameters.
The devices in genitourinary applications were classified as fractional lasers, radiofrequency and high-intensity focused electromagnetic field therapy. The consensus of the protocols and parameters based upon the published clinical trials of their application to the vaginal and urologic conditions associated with genitourinary syndrome of menopause was developed and organized according to device and condition.
The status of FDA clearances and future pathways are discussed.
This consensus article categorizes and presents the protocols and practices for the main classes of lasers and energy-based devices for genitourinary applications in future clinical trials.

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Having been widely reviewed and revised, a recommended clinical expert consensus based on the results of experimental and clinical studies for selective laser melting (SLM) metal prostheses was released by the Society of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Chinese Stomatological Association. This expert consensus formulates the standardized operation procedures for SLM metal restoration and is aimed at standardizing the clinical application of SLM metal restoration and improving the quality and long-term success rate of SLM metal prostheses. At the same time, this expert consensus will help to widely promote the clinical usage of this technique.
中华口腔医学会口腔颌面修复专业委员会以实验室和临床研究结果为依据，经过广泛征求专家意见和多次研讨，制订了选择性激光熔化金属修复技术的临床应用专家共识。本共识规范了选择性激光熔化金属修复技术的标准化操作流程，旨在规范并指导选择性激光熔化金属修复技术的临床应用，提高选择性激光熔化金属修复治疗技术在临床应用的质量和长期成功率并促进该技术在临床的推广使用。.

The reversible and substoichiometric modification of RNA has recently emerged as an additional layer of translational regulation in normal biological function and disease. Modifications are often enzymatically deposited in and removed from short (~5 nt) consensus motif sequences to carefully control the translational output of the cell. Although characterization of modification occupancy at consensus motifs can be accomplished using RNA sequencing methods, these approaches are generally time-consuming and do not directly detect post-transcriptional modifications. Here, we present a nuclease protection assay coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to rapidly characterize modifications in consensus motifs, such as GGACU, which frequently harbor N6-methyladenosine (m6A). While conventional nuclease protection methods rely on long (~30 nt) oligonucleotide probes that preclude the global assessment of consensus motif modification stoichiometry, we investigated a series of ion-tagged oligonucleotide (ITO) probes and found that a benzylimidazolium-functionalized ITO (ABzIM-ITO) conferred significantly improved nuclease resistance for GGACU targets. After optimizing the conditions of the nuclease protection assay, we applied the ITO and MALDI-MS-based method for determining the stoichiometry of GG(m6A)CU and GGACU in RNA mixtures. Overall, the ITO-based nuclease protection and MALDI-MS method constitutes a rapid and promising approach for determining modification stoichiometries of consensus motifs.

OBJECTIVE: Acne scars are one of the most distressing and long-term consequences of acne vulgaris, with damaging effect on a person\'s physical, mental, and social well-being. Numerous treatment options are available including surgical and nonsurgical techniques, depending on the clinical presentation. Although considerable advances in the development of new treatment technologies and applications have been made in the last decade, international treatment guidelines and reimbursement schemes have not yet caught up with current knowledge and practice in many centers. The authors intend to highlight the potential utility of energy-based devices (EBDs) for acne scarring, offer recommendations for safe and efficacious treatment, and provide consensus-based EBD treatment options based on varying presentations demonstrated in a series of real-life clinical photographs.
METHODS: An international panel of 24 dermatologists and plastic surgeons from 12 different countries and a variety of practice backgrounds was self-assembled to develop updated consensus recommendations for the treatment of acne scars. A two-step modified Delphi method took place between March 2020 and February 2021 consisting of two rounds of emailed questionnaires. The panel members approved the final manuscript via email correspondence.
RESULTS: The manuscript includes a comprehensive discussion and panel recommendations regarding the following topics: 1. the role of EBD in mitigating and treating acne scars in a patient with active acne, 2. the use of various EBDs for the treatment of different acne scar types with special focus on commonly used laser platform such as vascular lasers, ablative fractional lasers (AFLs) and non-AFLs (NAFLs), 3. treatment combinations, and 4. acne scar treatments in skin of color. The last part comprised of 10 photos of real-life clinical cases with the panel recommendation treatment plan to achieve best aesthetic outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Panel members were unanimous in their view that EBDs have a role in the management of acne scars, with AFLs, NAFLs, vascular lasers, and RF devices preferentially selected by most of the panel experts. EBDs are considered a first-line treatment for a variety of acne scar types and patients without access to these treatments may not be receiving the best available care for optimal cosmetic results. Future high-quality research and updated international treatment guidelines and reimbursement schemes should reflect this status.

OBJECTIVE: To provide expert opinion and consensus on salvage carbon dioxide transoral laser microsurgery (CO2 TOLMS) for recurrent laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) after (chemo)radiotherapy [(C)RT].
METHODS: Expert members of the European Laryngological Society (ELS) Cancer and Dysplasia Committee were selected to create a dedicated panel on salvage CO2 TOLMS for LSCC. A series of statements regarding the critical aspects of decision-making were drafted, circulated, and modified or excluded in accordance with the Delphi process.
RESULTS: The expert panel reached full consensus on 19 statements through a total of three sequential evaluation rounds. These statements were focused on different aspects of salvage CO2 TOLMS, with particular attention on preoperative diagnostic work-up, treatment indications, postoperative management, complications, functional outcomes, and follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Management of recurrent LSCC after (C)RT is challenging and is based on the need to find a balance between oncologic and functional outcomes. Salvage CO2 TOLMS is a minimally invasive approach that can be applied to selected patients with strict and careful indications. Herein, a series of statements based on an ELS expert consensus aimed at guiding the main aspects of CO2 TOLMS for LSCC in the salvage setting is presented.

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The advancement of laser technology has seen its use gain popularity across a wide range of specialties to treat diseases, as well as address aesthetic concerns. In order to protect both the patient and the healthcare personnel providing treatment, instruction and knowledge of laser safety remain of utmost importance. In this paper, we discuss the classification of laser systems, review ocular injuries that may be caused by inappropriate laser exposure, and provide background on laser protective eyewear. In addition, we highlight the current recommendations for proper eyewear during laser use outlined in the American National Standards Institute standard Z136.3, Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care. Finally, although it is common in some healthcare facilities to place gauze under external eye shields or use gauze alone over eyes during laser procedures, this practice poses an extreme risk to both patients and healthcare personnel. Therefore, we discuss why the use of gauze under eyewear for any laser procedures is not recommended, and instead, offer suggestions to consider when acquiring safe and comfortable patient eyewear.