identity

身份
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    移民的主观家园感值得进一步研究关注。在英国(英国)决定离开欧盟(“脱欧”)的特定背景下,我们采访了10位居住在英国的欧洲公民,使用解释现象学分析(IPA)。在我们的分析中,我们确定的主题(1)有一个以上的家,(2)建立和寻找新的家园,(3)与非流动人口永久不同;(4)对安全和受欢迎的感觉的关注。移民和家庭感涉及建立和重建个人和社会身份。建造一个新家很费力,无论是老房子还是与当地人口的差异,都不会在心理上消失。这为文化适应中的“整合”思想增加了经验方面。不同的家庭观念与英国脱欧公投影响的不同经历有关。我们讨论了文化适应之间的联系,家庭感和生活经验,并提出生活身份作为社会心理学的一个富有成效的主题。
    Migrants\' subjective sense of home deserves further research attention. In the particular context of the United Kingdom\'s (UK\'s) decision to leave the European Union (\'Brexit\'), we interviewed 10 European citizens living in the UK about their sense of home, using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). In our analysis, we identified themes of (1) having more than one home, (2) making and finding a new home, (3) being permanently different from the non-migrant population and (4) a concern about feeling safe and welcome. Migration and sense of home involved building and rebuilding personal and social identity. Making a new home was effortful, and neither the old home nor the difference from the native population ever disappeared psychologically. This adds an experiential aspect to the idea of \'integration\' in acculturation. Different notions of home were linked to different experiences of the impact of the Brexit referendum. We discuss the connections between acculturation, sense of home and lived experience and propose lived identity as a fruitful subject matter for social psychology.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:检查社会认同的可行性和可接受性,在线交付,在COVID-19大流行期间,跑步和步行小组计划支持低活跃的大专学生的运动行为和幸福感。
    方法:双臂,非致盲,我们进行了平行先导随机对照试验,其中加拿大一所大学的低活跃专上学生同样被随机分配到在线提供的跑步/步行小组项目或注意力控制条件.主要可行性和可接受性结果包括计划兴趣,学习注册和保留,问卷填写,节目出勤,程序满意度,和情感锻炼态度。进行了程序后访谈,以确定参与者对程序的体验。次要结果包括幸福感,锻炼行为,社会认同,社会支持,锻炼身份。
    结果:对92个人进行了资格筛选,和72名患者同样被随机分配到在线小组程序或注意力控制条件下。招聘超过目标样本量(60),研究依从性和问卷完成度均在90%以上,课程出勤率适中(M=5.03/8),自我报告计划满意度为中高(M=4.13/5),情感态度没有条件效应。在采访中,参与者对该计划表示满意。他们还讨论了通过在线平台与小组成员建立共同的认同感和社交联系的挑战。对运动相关的幸福感和运动身份有较小的条件影响,对其余次要结果没有条件影响。社会认同得分中等(M=4.63/7)。
    结论:STRIDE计划是可行和可接受的,但在进行全面疗效试验之前,应亲自交付和试点。
    背景:ClinicalTrials.govNCT04857918;2021-04-20。
    OBJECTIVE: Examine the feasibility and acceptability of a social identity-informed, online delivered, running and walking group program to support low-active post-secondary students\' exercise behavior and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    METHODS: A two-arm, non-blinded, parallel pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted whereby low-active post-secondary students at a Canadian university were equally randomized to an online delivered running/walking group program or an attention control condition. Primary feasibility and acceptability outcomes included program interest, study enrolment and retention, questionnaire completion, program attendance, program satisfaction, and affective exercise attitudes. Post-program interviews were conducted to ascertain participants\' experiences with the program. Secondary outcomes included well-being, exercise behavior, social identity, social support, and exercise identity.
    RESULTS: Ninety-two individuals were screened for eligibility, and 72 were equally randomized to the online group program or attention control condition. Recruitment exceeded the target sample size (60), study adherence and questionnaire completion were above 90%, program attendance was moderate (M = 5.03/8), self-report program satisfaction was moderate-to-high (M = 4.13/5), and there was no condition effect for affective attitudes. During interviews, participants expressed satisfaction with the program. They also discussed challenges with developing a shared sense of identity and social connection with group members via online platforms. There were small condition effects for exercise-related well-being and exercise identity and no condition effects for the remaining secondary outcomes. Social identity scores were moderate (M = 4.63/7).
    CONCLUSIONS: The STRIDE program was feasible and acceptable but should be delivered and piloted in-person before a full-scale efficacy trial is conducted.
    BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04857918; 2021-04-20.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    尽管长期的COVID研究取得了重大进展,许多方面的情况仍然未知。持续需要进一步研究以改善长期COVID症状的管理。这项研究旨在探讨先前因COVID-19住院并随后出现长期COVID症状的患者的经历和心理需求。在2021年10月至2022年6月期间,采访了12名长型COVID患者。对成绩单进行了主题分析。提出了“存在主义危机”的总体主题,包含三个相互关联的子主题:“面对心理威胁”,\'寻求合法性\'和\'通过不确定性锻造路径'。研究结果表明,COVID-19急诊住院的心理影响可能很严重,特别是对于那些有长期COVID症状的人,早期心理干预应该是可用的。我们的发现还表明,进一步规划未来大流行的重要性,以确保在关键决策点住院期间患者倡导者的存在。
    Despite significant advances in long COVID research, many aspects of the condition remain unknown. There is a persisting need for further research to improve the management of long COVID symptoms. This study aimed to explore the experiences and psychological needs of patients who were previously hospitalised with COVID-19, and who subsequently developed long COVID symptoms. Twelve patients with long COVID were interviewed between October 2021 and June 2022. Transcripts were analysed thematically. An overarching theme of \'Existential Crisis\' was developed, incorporating three interconnecting sub-themes: \'Facing Psychological Threat\', \'Seeking Legitimisation\' and \'Forging a Path Through Uncertainty\'. Findings suggest that the psychological impact of emergency hospitalisation for COVID-19 can be severe, particularly for those with ongoing long COVID symptoms, and that early psychological intervention should be available. Our findings also suggest the importance of further planning for future pandemics to ensure the presence of patient advocates during hospitalisation at points of critical decision-making.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    旨在解决公平问题的干预措施,多样性,卫生专业中的包容性(EDI)经常努力促进保留,招募,以及历史上代表性不足群体的个人的成功,他们通常属于在医疗保健中服务不足的同一个群体。一项试点研究旨在审查新斯科舍省达尔豪西大学正在进行的EDI举措的影响,加拿大通过从注册学生的角度探索归属感和课程包容性/代表性。交叉性理论是通过考虑边缘化的关系和上下文性质来实现的。结果显示,与代表性过高的小组相比,代表性不足的小组中的受访者对不同群体的归属感和课程包容性/代表性的看法存在差异。代表性不足和代表性过高的亚组对受影响的归属感和课程纳入/代表性的看法存在差异,这表明需要进一步研究,以更好地了解EDI干预对护生的影响。
    Interventions that aim to address equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) within the health professions often strive to promote the retention, recruitment, and success of individuals from historically underrepresented groups, who often belong to the same groups experiencing underservicing in health care. A pilot study aimed to examine the impact of ongoing EDI initiatives at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada by exploring sense of belonging and curricular inclusion/representation from the perspectives of enrolled students. Intersectionality Theory was operationalized by way of considering the relational and contextual nature of marginalization. Results showed differences in perceptions of impacted sense of belonging and curricular inclusion/representation of diverse groups between respondents in the underrepresented subgroup as compared to their overrepresented counterparts. Differences in underrepresented and overrepresented subgroups\' perceptions of impacted sense of belonging and curricular inclusion/representation suggest a need for further research to better understand the impact of EDI interventions on nursing students.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:新冠肺炎大流行期间施加的社会限制导致工作家庭角色和社会界限的戏剧性重新配置,导致工作妈妈们寻找在线网站作为情感支持和调节的空间,在那里他们可以发泄情绪,分享他们的担忧和悲伤,并寻求建议。它们也成为互动空间,在那里,妈妈的相关身份被重新评估和制定,因为它们旨在平衡工作与家庭的角色并改善他们的福祉。本文探讨了在全球斗争时期,工作妈妈如何在在线支持论坛中对自己的多重身份进行辩论,这些身份结构如何反映工作-家庭冲突(WFC)的领域,以及工作妈妈如何看待这些身份与他们的心理健康有关。
    方法:分三个阶段分析了2020年上半年在公共在线支持论坛上为工作妈妈收集的127篇智利工作妈妈帖子。第一个涉及主题分析,以确定与数据中的工作妈妈身份建构相关的主题和子主题。第二阶段涉及对工作妈妈进行叙事分析,以确定由这些工作妈妈精心制作的主叙事,以及竞争和顺应母性的意识形态,在其他人中。最后,第三阶段涉及对最具代表性的摘录进行细粒度的语篇分析,这些摘录说明了工作妈妈的身份协商。
    结果:社会语言学分析表明,工作妈妈的话语表现出自我反省的三个主题,即,自我保健的减少,重新评估他们的自我,通过自我保健增强自我。讨论并对每个主要主题的与身份相关的子主题进行了辩论和分析。强调了两个要点:(1)在工作妈妈的话语中最突出的身份是他们的个人身份(而不是工作-家庭角色和身份),(2)微论允许工作妈妈挑战围绕其身份和工作家庭角色的主导话语的霸权力量。
    结论:研究表明,探索工作妈妈身份协商的社会语言学方法有助于强调妈妈对工作-家庭角色的二元假设以及需要重新考虑工作妈妈的生活领域,以便它们反映工作妈妈的实际身份需求和生活经历。概述了未来的研究方向。
    BACKGROUND: The dramatic reconfigurations of work-family roles and social boundaries resulting from the social restrictions imposed during the Covid-19 pandemic led working mums to look for online sites as spaces of emotional support and regulation where they could vent their emotions, share their concerns and griefs, and seek advice. They also became interactional spaces where mums\' relevant identities were reassessed and enacted as they aimed to balance work-family roles and improve their wellbeing. The paper explores how working mums discursively negotiated their multiple identities in an online support forum during times of global struggle, how these identity constructions reflect the domains of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and how working mums perceived these identities are related to their mental health.
    METHODS: 127 posts of Chilean working mums published in a public online support forum for working mums collected during the first half of 2020 were analysed in three phases. The first one involved a thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes related to working mums\' identity construction in the data. The second phase involved conducting a narrative analysis of working mums\' microstorias in order to identify a master narrative crafted by these working mums, and contesting and conforming ideologies of motherhood, among others. Finally, the third phase involved a fine-grained discourse analysis of the most representative extracts illustrating working mums\' identity negotiation.
    RESULTS: The sociolinguistic analysis showed that working mums\' discourses displayed three themes of self-reflection, namely, diminishing self-care, reassessing their self, and enhancing self through self-care. Identity-related sub-themes for each main theme are discussed and discursively analysed. Two main points are emphasised: (1) the identity that was most salient in working mums\' discourse was their personal identity (rather than work-family roles and identities), and (2) microstorias allowed working mums to challenge the hegemonic power of dominant discourses around their identities and their work-family roles.
    CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that a sociolinguistic approach to the exploration of working mums\' identity negotiation is useful to highlight the ways in which mums contest binary assumptions of work-family roles and the need to reconsider working mums\' life domains so that they reflect working mums\' actual identity needs and lived experiences. Future lines of research are outlined.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:尽管基于证据的干预措施对患有创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的儿童有效,有些青少年可能反应不充分。强化创伤治疗(ITT)对成年人显示出希望,但对其对青少年功效的研究有限。因此,本研究旨在探讨参加ITT的青少年改变的功效和主观体验。
    方法:本研究在PTSD青少年样本中采用了混合方法方法(N=22;90.1%为女性,年龄M=17.0,SD=1.72)参加ITT计划的人。结合临床数据和叙述来评估治疗效果和变化的主观经验。
    结果:定量分析显示ITT后PTSD症状显着减少,与先前的研究保持一致。定性分析强调了影响治疗成功的负面想法等主题,社会支持的重要性,和身份相关的斗争。
    结论:该研究有助于了解ITT的疗效,并强调对发育敏感性的需求,系统性干预,并继续研究以加强对青少年的创伤后应激障碍治疗。
    BACKGROUND: While evidence-based interventions are effective for children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some adolescents may not respond sufficiently. Intensive trauma treatment (ITT) has shown promise for adults, but research on its efficacy for adolescents is limited. This study therefore aimed to explore the efficacy and subjective experience of change in adolescents participating in ITT.
    METHODS: The present study employed a mixed-methods approach among a sample of adolescents with PTSD (N = 22; 90.1% female, age M = 17.0, SD = 1.72) who participated in an ITT program. Clinical data and narratives were combined to assess treatment efficacy and subjective experiences of change.
    RESULTS: Quantitative analysis revealed a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms post-ITT, aligning with prior research. Qualitative analysis highlighted themes such as negative thoughts impacting treatment success, the importance of social support, and identity-related struggles.
    CONCLUSIONS: The study contributes to understanding ITT efficacy and emphasizes the need for developmental sensitivity, systemic interventions, and continued research to enhance PTSD treatment for adolescents.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    被诊断为自闭症对一个人的生活和自我认同有多重影响。尽管在年轻时学习自闭症与生活质量相关,只有少数研究解决了父母披露的问题。这项研究概念化了自闭症成年人对父母披露的看法。方法将扎根理论与解放研究范式相结合,利用自闭症患者的个人知识。85名自闭症成年人参加了六个焦点小组(51名男性,33女,3个非二元;Mage=25);并采访了41名自闭症成年人(22名男性,17女,2非二进制;法师=28)。焦点小组和个人访谈都讨论了参与者从父母那里了解诊断的方式,以及他们对其他父母如何披露的建议。基于这些发现,我们为父母披露过程制定了自闭症驱动的建议.参与者认为诊断验证了他们经验丰富的差异性,帮助他们克服耻辱,并促进他们的自我理解和自我倡导技能。他们建议在诊断后尽快披露,并强调根据孩子的能力逐步披露的重要性。此外,他们建议关注自闭症是如何在孩子自己的生活中表现出来的,而不是一般的“自闭症”。最后,他们建议将自闭症表现为中性或积极的品质,突出其优势,并将孩子与其他自闭症患者联系起来。总之,这项研究表明,父母的信息披露是一个持续和螺旋式的过程。所提出的模型为父母的诊断后支持做出了重大贡献,为与孩子进行自闭症的有效沟通提供框架。
    Being diagnosed with autism has multiple implications for a person\'s life and self-identity. Although learning about autism at a younger age is correlated with quality of life, only a few studies have addressed parental disclosure thereof. This study conceptualizes autistic adults\' perspectives on parental disclosure. The methods combine grounded theory with the emancipatory research paradigm, drawing on autistic people\'s personal knowledge. Eighty-five autistic adults participated in six focus groups (51 male, 33 female, 3 non-binary; Mage = 25); and 41 autistic adults were interviewed (22 male, 17 female, 2 non-binary; Mage = 28). Both focus groups and individual interviews addressed the way participants learned about their diagnosis from their parents, and their recommendations to other parents on how to disclose. Based on these findings, we developed autistic-driven recommendations for parental disclosure process. The participants viewed the diagnosis as validating their experienced otherness, helping them overcome shame, and promoting their self-understanding and self-advocacy skills. They recommended disclosure as soon as possible after diagnosis and stressed the importance of gradual disclosure according to the child\'s abilities. Furthermore, they suggested focusing on how autism manifested in the child\'s own life, rather than \"autism\" in general. Finally, they recommended presenting autism as a neutral or positive quality, highlighting its strengths and networking the child with other autistic individuals. In conclusion, this study reveals that parental disclosure is an ongoing and spiral process. The proposed model contributes significantly to post-diagnostic support for parents, providing a framework for effective communication about autism with their children.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:从第一次精神病中恢复是一个高度个体的过程,需要患者理解他们的经历。临床医生,反过来,需要理解这些第一人称视角,创造一种相互有意义的动态。抗精神病药物是精神病治疗的重要组成部分。提供对使用抗精神病药的康复经验的见解可以增进相互了解,并有助于弥合临床医生与从精神病中康复的人的观点之间的差距。
    方法:对14名首次使用抗精神病药物的精神病患者进行了访谈。他们的叙述使用解释现象学分析(IPA)进行了分析。
    结果:发现了五个主要主题,代表抗精神病药物康复的重要和有意义的经验。主题1:抗精神病药物作为外部抑制(4次主题);主题2:现实的转变;主题3:恢复的速度;主题4:抗精神病药物对身份的影响;主题5:真的是抗精神病药物吗?
    结论:我们的发现表明,抗精神病药物从精神病中恢复是无所不包的,多方面,和矛盾的经验。这项研究中发现的主题可以激发临床医生讨论抗精神病药康复经验的不太明显的方面。更何况,关注第一人称视角可能会导致更透彻的理解并有利于治疗关系。
    OBJECTIVE: Recovering from a first psychosis is a highly individual process and requires the person to make sense of their experiences. Clinicians, in turn, need to comprehend these first-person perspectives, creating a mutual sense-making dynamic. Antipsychotic medication is a substantial part of psychosis treatment. Providing insight in the lived experience of recovery with antipsychotics could improve the mutual understanding and help bridge the gap between the perspective of the clinician and that of the person recovering from psychosis.
    METHODS: 14 persons in recovery from a first psychosis with the use of antipsychotics were interviewed. Their narratives were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
    RESULTS: Five overarching themes were found, representing important and meaningful experiences in recovering with antipsychotic medication. Theme 1: antipsychotics as external dampening (4 subthemes); Theme 2: shifting of realities; Theme 3: pace of recovery; Theme 4: antipsychotics\' influence on identity; and Theme 5: is it truly the antipsychotics?
    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that recovery from psychosis with antipsychotics is an all-encompassing, multi-faceted, and ambivalent experience. The themes found in this research could inspire clinicians to discuss less obvious aspects of the experience of recovering with antipsychotics. Even more so, paying attention to the first-person perspective could lead to a more thorough understanding and benefit therapeutic relationships.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:生活经验研究人员利用他们的生活和生活经验来引导或指导研究。他们的个人经历与研究课题相关,因此他们必须管理他们的健康和医疗保健经验与研究的相互作用,人口,和他们使用的数据,以及作为研究人员的更普遍的挑战。生活经验研究人员除了对他们的能力进行查询之外,还必须应对这些困境,由于与交叉性和认知不公正有关的问题。这证明了更好地了解生活经验研究人员的经验的动机,并根据他们的喜好和需求制定适当和个性化的监督。
    方法:Q方法用于识别一系列与身份相关的问题,这些问题会影响英国博士研究期间的生活经验研究人员。这些问题以54个陈述的形式呈现给18个生活经验研究人员,作为在监督中探索的主题优先考虑。
    结果:发现生活经历研究人员可以在反向因子分析后分为三个不同的因素:因素1:增强我的身份,技能,增长,因素2:探索我与研究的情感和关系联系,因素3:在实际和情感上导航我的生活和职业经历。研究结果表明,可能有三种类型的生活经验研究人员,每个人都有不同的监督需求,表明种群是异质的。
    结论:该研究发现了对生活经验研究人员需求的更深入理解,并根据研究人员的个人需求及其对监督的偏好强调了个性化监督的重要性。这些发现加强了将临床维度纳入监督以支持所有生活经验研究人员需求的重要性。
    BACKGROUND: Lived experience researchers draw on their lived and living experiences to either lead on or inform research. Their personal experiences are relevant to the research topic and so they must manage the interplay of their health and healthcare experiences with the research, population, and data they work with, as well as the more general challenges of being a researcher. Lived experience researchers must navigate these dilemmas in addition to queries over their competency, due to issues relating to intersectionality and epistemic injustice. This justifies a motivation to better understand the experiences of lived experience researchers and develop appropriate and personalised supervision based on their preferences and needs.
    METHODS: Q methodology was used to identify a collection of identity-related issues that impact lived experience researchers during PhD research in the context of the UK. These issues were presented in the form of 54 statements to 18 lived experience researchers to prioritise as topics to explore in supervision.
    RESULTS: It was found that lived experiences researchers could be grouped into three distinct factors following an inverted factor analysis: Factor 1: Strengthening my identity, skills, growth, and empowerment; Factor 2: Exploring the emotional and relational link I have with the research and Factor 3: Navigating my lived and professional experiences practically and emotionally. The findings suggest that there may be three types of lived experience researchers, each with different needs from supervision, suggesting the population is heterogeneous.
    CONCLUSIONS: The research identified a deeper understanding of the needs of lived experience researchers and highlights the importance of personalised supervision according to the individual needs of the researcher and their preferences for supervision. The findings reinforce the importance of integrating a clinical dimension into supervision to support the needs of all lived experience researchers.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:电子烟(EC)是一些但不是所有希望停止使用烟草的人的有效支持。虽然建议和实际支持已被确定为越来越多的戒烟成功,很少有研究探讨吸烟和与EC相关的社会身份变化的作用.
    方法:一项前瞻性研究,追踪573人在EC支持下尝试戒烟。自我报告对吸烟者的认同感,非吸烟者,在尝试戒烟之前和12周的随访中,服用了vaper和双重使用者(使用EC和烟草产品的人)。
    结果:吸烟者的基线识别,非吸烟者或双重使用者与吸烟结局无关.基线vaper身份基线与随访时更频繁的戒烟和较低的吸烟水平有关。随访时的社会认同水平与结果一致相关,vaper身份和非吸烟身份是保护性的,双重用户身份与较低的禁欲率有关,但烟草使用量减少。身份随时间的变化是结果最一致的预测因子。
    结论:研究结果对戒烟实践有影响,告知基于身份的干预如何以及何时可能有效,以及我们对身份转变如何发生的理解。
    OBJECTIVE: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are an efficacious support for some but not all people wishing to stop using tobacco. While advice and practical support have been identified as increasing quit success, little research has explored the role of changes in smoking and EC-related social identities.
    METHODS: A prospective study following 573 people attempting to quit smoking with EC support. Self-report measures of identification with being a smoker, non-smoker, vaper and dual user (people using ECs and tobacco products) were taken prior to the quit attempt and at a 12-week follow-up.
    RESULTS: Baseline identifications with being a smoker, non-smoker or dual user were not associated with smoking outcomes. Baseline vaper identity baseline was linked to more frequent tobacco abstinence at follow-up and lower levels of cigarette smoking. Levels of social identification at follow-up were consistently linked with outcomes, with vaper identity and non-smoking identities being protective and dual user identity being related to lower abstinence rates but decreased tobacco usage. Changes in identity over time were the most consistent predictor of outcomes.
    CONCLUSIONS: Findings have implications for smoking cessation practice, informing how and when identity-based interventions may be effective and our understanding of how identity transitions occur.
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