丑角鱼鳞病是鱼鳞病的严重和致命表现,具有常染色体隐性遗传。婴儿丑角鱼鳞病死亡率高,预后不佳;因此,大多数新生儿在出生后不久死于感染,热损失,脱水,电解不平衡,或呼吸窘迫。此病例报告的目的是提出一例致命的丑角鱼鳞病病例,没有任何遗传性皮肤病的家族史。一名3天大的婴儿出生时出现先天性异常被送到急诊室,裂开的角化过度皮肤,和厚厚的黄色鳞片。父母没有近亲婚姻史,没有相关的既往病史,也没有相同的家族史.病人身体不适,脉搏162次/分钟,呼吸频率48次/分钟,腋窝温度36.9oCAPGAR在第1分钟得分为8分,在第5分钟得分为9分。根据典型的临床表现,患者被诊断为丑角鱼鳞病。由于缺乏设施,未进行突变分析.然后将患者转移到新生儿重症监护病房(NICU),并在加湿的培养箱中治疗,并静脉注射抗生素(氨苄西林舒巴坦125mg/12小时和庆大霉素13mg/24小时)。局部夫西地酸和温和的润肤剂。使用中心静脉导管进行静脉通路。预后不良导致患者在5天大时死亡。此案例突出表明,产前诊断对于早期发现和疾病预防至关重要。建议对近亲婚姻和鱼鳞病病史进行ABCA12基因突变筛查。
Harlequin
ichthyosis is a severe and fatal presentation of
ichthyosis with an autosomal recessive inheritance. Infants with Harlequin
ichthyosis have a high mortality rate, and a dismal prognosis; therefore the majority of neonates die shortly after birth from infection, heat loss, dehydration, electrolytic imbalances, or respiratory distress. The aim of this
case report was to present a fatal
case of Harlequin
ichthyosis with no family history of any inherited skin disorder. A 3-day-old baby was presented to the emergency room with congenital abnormalities at birth, fissured hyperkeratotic skin, and thick yellow plates of scales. The parents had no history of consanguineous marriage, no relevant past medical history, and no family history of the same condition. The patient was unwell, pulse 162 times/minute, respiratory rate 48 times/minute, and axillary temperature 36.9oC. APGAR score was 8 in the 1st minute and 9 in the 5th minute. Based on the typical clinical appearance, the patient was diagnosed with Harlequin
ichthyosis. Due to a lack of facility, a mutation analysis was not carried out. The patient was then transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and treated in a humidified incubator and medicated with intravenous antibiotics (ampicillin sulbactam 125 mg/12 hour and gentamicin 13 mg/24 hour), topically fusidic acid and mild emollients. A central venous catheter was used for intravenous access. The poor prognosis resulted in the patient dying at the age of 5-day-old. This
case highlights that prenatal diagnosis is critical for early detection and disease prevention. Mutation screening for the ABCA12 gene is suggested for consanguinity marriages and with a history of ichthyosis.