背景:多氯化烷烃(PCAs)构成了一大组源自商业氯化石蜡(CP)产品的单个同源物,其碳链长度为PCAs-C10-13,PCAs-C14-17和PCAs-C18-32,偶尔含有PCAs-C6-9杂质。CP的广泛使用导致了PCA的全球环境污染。这项研究旨在量化哺乳期瑞典母亲的配对血清和母乳中的PCAs,探索他们的浓度关系。
方法:分析了25个配对的母亲血清和母乳样本,并确定了PCAsC6-32的浓度,并将其与4,4'-DDE进行了比较。PCB同源物2,2\',4,4\',5,5'-六氯联苯(CB-153),和六氯苯(HCB)。
结果:血清中PCAs-C6-9,PCAs-C10-13,PCAs-C14-17,PCAs-C18-32和ΣPCAs的中值浓度为14、790、520、16和1350ng/g脂质重量(lw),分别,和母乳0.84、36、63、6.0和107ng/glw。4,4'-DDE的级别,CB-153和HCB在两个矩阵中具有可比性,血清和母乳分别为17、12和4.9ng/glw。结果表明,母乳中PCAs-C10-13和PCAs-C14-17的显着差异,其基于lw的浓度比血清中测得的浓度低22倍和6.2倍。在湿重上,PCAs-C6-9,PCAs-C10-13,PCAs-C14-17,PCAs-C18-32和ΣPCAs的血清/母乳比率差异分别为1.7、3.2、1.0、0.4和1.6。而4,4'-DDE的比率,CB-153和HCB各接近0.1。
结论:瑞典哺乳期母亲的PCAs-C10-13和PCAs-C14-17的血清浓度较高,ΣPCAs的中位血清浓度为1350ng/glw。母乳浓度,尽管在107ng/glw下要低得多,仍然超过了4,4'-DDE,CB-153和HCB,提示婴儿暴露于PCAs的风险。PCAs和研究的遗留POPs之间血液和母乳积累的变化,很少讨论,但有必要对分配特性以及相关的毒理学意义进行进一步研究。
BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated alkanes (PCAs) constitute a large group of individual congeners originating from commercial chlorinated paraffin (CP) products with carbon chain lengths of PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, and PCAs-C18-32, occasionally containing PCAs-C6-9 impurities. The extensive use of CPs has led to global environmental pollution of PCAs. This
study aimed to quantify PCAs in paired serum and breast milk of lactating Swedish mothers, exploring their concentration relationship.
METHODS: Twenty-five paired samples of mothers\' blood serum and breast milk were analysed and concentrations were determined for PCAs C6-32 and compared to 4,4\'-DDE, the PCB congener 2,2\',4,4\',5,5\'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB).
RESULTS: The median concentrations of PCAs-C6-9, PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, PCAs-C18-32 and ΣPCAs in serum were 14, 790, 520, 16 and 1350 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively, and in breast milk 0.84, 36, 63, 6.0 and 107 ng/g lw. Levels of 4,4\'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB were comparable in the two matrices, serum and breast milk at 17, 12 and 4.9 ng/g lw. The results show significant differences of PCAs-C10-13 and PCAs-C14-17 in breast milk with 22- and 6.2-times lower lw-based concentrations than those measured in serum. On wet weight the differences serum/breast milk ratios of PCAs-C6-9, PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, PCAs-C18-32 and ΣPCAs were 1.7, 3.2, 1.0, 0.4 and 1.6, respectively, while the ratio for 4,4\'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB were each close to 0.1.
CONCLUSIONS: Swedish lactating mothers had high serum concentrations of PCAs-C10-13 and PCAs-C14-17, with the ΣPCAs median serum concentration of 1350 ng/g lw. The breast milk concentration, although considerably lower at 107 ng/g lw, still surpassed those of 4,4\'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB, suggesting an exposure risk of infants to PCAs. The variation in blood and breast milk accumulation between PCAs and studied legacy POPs, is rarely discussed but warrants further studies on partitioning properties as well as associated toxicological implications.