UNASSIGNED: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal glucose metabolism diagnosed during pregnancy that can have serious adverse consequences for mother and child. GDM is an exceptional health condition, as its management serves not only as treatment but also as prevention, reducing the risk of future diabetes in mother and child.
UNASSIGNED: This qualitative study aimed to explore how pregnant women experience and respond to GDM, focusing particularly on the role of the family environment in shaping women\'s experiences.
UNASSIGNED: The research was carried out in Vietnam\'s Thái Bình province in April-May 2023. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews with 21 women with GDM, visiting them in their homes. Our theoretical starting point was phenomenological anthropology, and the data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach.
UNASSIGNED: At the centre of women\'s experiences was the contrast between GDM as a biomedical and a social condition. Whereas GDM was biomedically diagnosed and managed in the healthcare system, it was often deemed insignificant or non-existent by family members. This made GDM a biomedically present but socially absent health condition. This paradox posed challenges to women\'s GDM self-care, placing them in pioneering social positions.
UNASSIGNED: The biomedical presence yet social absence of GDM turned women into pioneers at biomedical, digital, epidemiological, and family frontiers. This article calls for appreciation of pregnant women\'s pioneering roles and for health systems action to involve women and families in the development of GDM policies and programmes at a time of sweeping global health changes.
Main findings: Vietnamese women’s experiences of gestational diabetes were affected by social splits between clinic and home; between biomedical and family worlds.Added knowledge: Gestational diabetes places pregnant women in Northern Vietnam in pioneering roles on biomedical, digital, epidemiological, and family frontiers.Global health impact for policy and action: Pregnant women should be involved in the development of policies and programmes addressing gestational diabetes, with particular attention to the connections between clinical and family worlds.

Adolescence is characterized by dynamic neurodevelopment, which poses opportunities for risk and resilience. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confer additional risk to the developing brain, where ACEs have been associated with alterations in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) BOLD signaling in brain regions underlying inhibitory control. Socioenvironmental factors like the family environment may amplify or buffer against the neurodevelopmental risks associated with ACEs. Using baseline to Year 2 follow-up data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, the current study examined how ACEs relate to fMRI BOLD signaling during successful inhibition on the Stop Signal Task in regions associated with inhibitory control and examined whether family conflict levels moderated that relationship. Results showed that greater ACEs were associated with reduced BOLD response in the right opercular region of the inferior frontal gyrus and bilaterally in the pre-supplementary motor area, which are key regions underlying inhibitory control. Further, greater BOLD response was correlated with less impulsivity behaviorally, suggesting reduced activation may not be behaviorally adaptive at this age. No significant two or three-way interactions with family conflict levels or time were found. Findings highlight the continued utility of examining the relationship between ACEs and neurodevelopmental outcomes and the importance of intervention/prevention of ACES.

UNASSIGNED: Dissociative disorder is a stress-related disorder usually present in adolescents and younger age groups. It is also accompanied by significant impairment in activity of daily living and family relations. Family environment and use of dysfunctional coping strategies play important roles in the initiation and maintenance of symptoms and this puts a considerable burden on the family.
UNASSIGNED: This study aims to study the presence of stressors, the role of family environment, the role of family burden, and the use of coping mechanisms in persons with dissociative disorder.
UNASSIGNED: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which 100 persons with a dissociative disorder were included after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria from the outpatient department (OPD) of psychiatry.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, the major part of the sample were women (87%), most were educated up to 12th standard or less than 12 years of formal education. According to stressors, 44% had family stress/problems. 77% (mostly women) had dissociative stupor. The dissociative disorder caused a considerable degree of burden on the other family members. There was a significant difference in financial burden among caregivers of persons who were married, belonging to rural areas, joint families, and from lower socio-economic classes. There was a significant difference in disruption of routine family activities, and burden in persons having a longer duration of illness. There was a significant difference found in conflict, achievement orientation, and dimensions of family environment between males and females. A significant difference in the venting of emotions, behavioral disengagement, and restraint as a coping strategy between males and females was found.
UNASSIGNED: Present study showed dissociative disorder patients cause a considerable degree of burden on family members in terms of leisure, physical, mental, financial, and routine family interrelationship domains. In personal growth and relationship dimensions, the use of dysfunctional coping strategies in the family environment has a causal effect on the symptoms of dissociative disorder patients.

Williams Syndrome (WS) involves high rates of psychopathology across the lifespan. However, little is known about the early, longitudinal trajectory of internalising/externalising symptoms or the association between these and the family environment in WS. WS (n = 16; aged 2 years, 2 months to 9 years, 5 months) and typically developing or TD (n = 46; aged 2 years, 2 months to 11 years, 1 month) children were assessed on two occasions over 2.5 years utilising parent report questionnaires-the Child Behaviour Checklist and the Family Environment Scale. No statistically significant changes were found in CBCL/psychopathology profiles across timepoints, on average, for either WS or TD children. However, reliable change scores showed WS children had considerable variability in CBCL scores over time. Cross-sectionally, the WS group showed higher scores (reflecting more psychopathology) compared to TD controls at both time points across most CBCL subscales, with elevated overall psychopathology problems identified in 56-68% of WS children (versus 8% in TD controls). Psychopathology was not associated with sex, chronological age, or cognitive ability in WS. Conflict in the family environment was positively associated with higher Attention Problems at Time 1 in the WS group, whilst the TD group showed associations between family conflict and total psychopathology problems at both time points and between family cohesion and total psychopathology problems at Time 2. Family environment did not differ between groups, except for lower engagement in intellectual and cultural activities in WS. Findings highlight variable Internalising and Externalising Problems in young WS children over time, with greater biological than environmental contributions to psychopathology in WS.

UNASSIGNED: Family environment is the primary environment for adolescent growth and development, which is believed to have an important impact on the occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior in adolescents. This study aimed to explore the effects of family environment cognition and cognitive differences perceived by adolescents and their parents on the treatment effects of NSSI in adolescents and to provide more potential perspectives for NSSI treatment.
UNASSIGNED: A one-year prospective longitudinal sub-cohort investigation was carried out among 199 adolescents engaged in NSSI and one of their important guardians from the Longitudinal Psychosomatic Disease Study (LoPDS). The NSSI behaviors of adolescents were evaluated at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after enrollment. The family environment scale (FES) and NSSI Behavior Questionnaire were used as assessment tools for family environment and adolescents NSSI behaviors. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the role of family environment perception difference in the treatment effect of adolescent NSSI.
UNASSIGNED: After one year of follow-up, the perceived self-injury impulse score in recent 2 weeks, self-injury impulse frequency in recent 2 weeks, total number of self-injury in recent 2 weeks decreased significantly. The higher the adolescent family cohesion (Beta: 1.130, 95% CI: 0.886,1.373; p=0.032), parental family expressiveness (Beta: 0.818, 95% CI: 0.375,1.260; p=0.037) and parental family active-recreational orientation score (Beta: 0.609, 95% CI: 0.236,0.981; p=0.048), the better the treatment effect. However, higher adolescent family conflict (Beta: -0.838, 95% CI: -1.377,-0.298; p=0.024) were associated with lower treatment outcomes. The greater the cognitive difference between parents and adolescents in family cohesion (Beta: -1.307, 95% CI: -2.074,-0.539; p=0.014) and family conflict(Beta: -0.665, 95% CI: -0.919,-0.410; p=0.037), the worse the therapeutic effect of NSSI might be.
UNASSIGNED: There were certain differences in the cognition of family relationships between parents and adolescents, and subjective family relationship cognition and cognitive differences had a significant effect on the treatment effect of NSSI in adolescents. Helping them identify the cause of cognitive differences and conducting systematic family therapy from the points of difference may be another perspective to improve the treatment effect of NSSI in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: For female breast cancer patients, the psychological status after surgery, especially the social and family psychological-related factors, deserves more attention. This study analyzed the influence of social constraints, social support, social isolation, family conflict, and family emotion expression on depression. At the same time, this study conducted the relationship between the variables and the mechanism of action.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study and 522 breast cancer patients finished questionnaires consisting of Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Social Constraints Scale-5 (SCS-5), Family Environment Scale (FES), and Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6). Multivariable logical regression was used to explore influencing factors. Pearson\'s correlation, hierarchical regression, and simple slope analysis were conducted to verify the role of self-efficacy.
RESULTS: 71.6% of patients had depressive symptoms. Family contradiction (OR = 10.086), social constraints (OR = 2.522), social isolation (OR = 2.507), and high blood glucose (OR = 2.156) were risk factors of depressive symptoms. Family emotional expression (OR = 0.480), family intimacy (OR = 0.235), and self-efficacy (OR = 0.246) were protective factors against depressive symptoms. The interactive items interpretation quantity were as follows: Contradiction*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 2.3%, P < 0.001), Emotional expression*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 2.6%, P < 0.001), Intimacy*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.018), Social constraints*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.008), Social networks*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 1.0%, P = 0.010), Blood Glucose*Self-efficacy (ΔR2 = 0.6%, P = 0.023). The influence of independent variables on depressive symptoms was gradually decreased in the low, mean, and high groups of self-efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative Chinese breast cancer survivors reported higher depressive symptoms. Social, family, and physiological factors could affect depressive symptoms, in which self-factor played moderator roles.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the trends of childhood overweight, obesity, and malnutrition, as well as increased psychological stress and family conflicts among family members. It is important to explore the relationship between changes in the family environment during the COVID-19 on child nutrition.
This study aims to analyze the nutritional status of Chinese children during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with family diet, family environment, and parental anxiety, in order to provide evidence for further interventions in children\'s nutritional status.
This study included 7,645 primary and secondary school students and their parents from five schools in Chengdu, China. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the categorical variables of children\'s malnutrition, overweight, obesity, and parental anxiety. T-tests were used to assess changes in the continuous variable of family environment between two rounds of follow-up surveys. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of changes in family diet during the COVID-19 pandemic on children\'s nutritional status. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the effects of family environment and parental anxiety on childhood obesity.
The prevalence of malnutrition and obesity decreased from 11.64% and 11.60% in wave 1 to 4.96% and 10.50% in wave 2, and the rate of overweight increased from 13.11% in wave 1 to 13.73% in wave 2. Children whose families reduced consumption of staple foods during the COVID-19 were more likely to be frail, and families increased consumption of sugary drinks, take-out or meal delivery services, living in towns, family environmental barriers, and parental anxiety were risk factors for overweight obesity. Mother\'s education level in middle and high school and low age were protective factors for overweight obesity.
The physical environment of the family, the emotions of family members, and children\'s perceptions of the family\'s soft environment can influence children\'s eating behaviors, children\'s nutritional intake, and malnutrition and obesity in children under public health emergencies, and family-based dietary interventions may be effective. Parents can increase consumption of healthy foods and improve the family environment, which improve their growth.

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that movement patterns, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration, throughout a 24-h period, have a significant impact on biological processes and health outcomes for both young and adult populations. However, 80% of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently active, and many children do not meet international physical activity recommendations for their age. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a 12-week gamified family-based health and exercise intervention on physical fitness, basic motor competencies, mental and behavioral health, and adherence to 24-h movement guidelines in children aged 4 to 5 years old. The study will evaluate changes in sedentary levels, physical fitness, basic motor competencies, mental and behavioral disorders, adherence to the exercise program, and compliance with physical activity recommendations. In addition, the aim of this protocol is to describe the scientific rationale in detail and to provide information about the study procedures.
METHODS: A total of 80 children, aged 4 to 5 years old, will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two groups: the exercise group and the routine care group. The exercise group will undergo a 12-week exercise intervention, followed by a 12-week follow-up period. On the other hand, the routine care group will undergo a 12-week period of routine care, followed by a 12-week follow-up control period. The exercise program will be implemented in a family setting and facilitated through a gamified web platform with online supervision, with the hypothesis that it will have a positive impact on physical fitness, anthropometric measures, basic motor competencies, and adherence to 24-h movement guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will provide valuable insights into the impact of a gamified, family-oriented health and exercise program on various aspects of health, including physical fitness, basic motor competencies, mental and behavioral well-being, and adherence to 24-h movement guidelines. The findings will contribute to closing the gap in current knowledge on the effectiveness of these types of interventions for children and their parents. These findings will also contribute to  the development of future guidelines for promoting physical activity in children who do not meet the World Health Organization\'s recommended levels. An online \"3, 2, 1 Move on Study\" is believed to increase accessibility, promoting health equity, and reducing economic barriers for all children and their families across diverse social groups.
BACKGROUND: Trial registration: NCT05741879 . Registered February 14, 2023, Version 1.

BACKGROUND: Family functioning may impact children\'s cardiometabolic health; however, few studies have examined multiple cardiometabolic markers among a diverse racial/ethnic cohort. The relationship between child- and caregiver-reported family functioning and the cardiometabolic health of Hispanic/Latino youth was examined.
METHODS: Data were from the Hispanic Community Children\'s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth) (2012-2014), a population-based cohort study of children and adolescents whose parents participated in the HCHS/SOL (2008-2011). The relationship between youth- and caregiver-rated family functioning, and concordance of ratings is modeled, utilizing the general functioning subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device with youth objective cardiometabolic health markers (obesity, central adiposity, prediabetes/diabetes, prehypertension/hypertension, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol) adjusting for sociodemographic factors.
RESULTS: Among boys, child/caregiver concordant ineffective family functioning rating was associated with higher cumulative cardiometabolic risk (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.30 (0.04, 0.56)), but no association was observed among girls (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.04 (-0.13, 0.21)). Among girls, ineffective child rating/effective caregiver rating was associated with higher cumulative cardiometabolic risk (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.27 (0.06, 0.48)), but no association was observed among boys (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.02 (-0.23, 0.27).
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that family functioning among this Hispanic/Latino population may influence cardiometabolic risk among youth. Observed differences in the associations by youth sex and concordant/discordant reports of family functioning suggest interventions at the family level, targeting both caregivers and youth, that consider differential sex effects are warranted.

UNASSIGNED: Depression, anxiety, and stress are highly prevalent among adolescents. The role of impaired family and school environments in adolescents\' depression, anxiety, and stress in Jordan has yet to be established.
UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to explore the association of family and school environments with the depression, anxiety, and stress of adolescents in Jordan.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional correlational survey was used. A sample of 220 adolescents aged 12-18 years completed the study. Data were collected about family and school environments and adolescents\' depression, anxiety, and stress.
UNASSIGNED: School climate had a strong significant relationship with both general family functioning (r = .53, p < 0.01) and family process (r = .58, p < 0.01). General family functioning and school climate were uniquely associated with stress, anxiety, and depression (Β = -.280 or higher), p < 0.05, controlling for demographics.
UNASSIGNED: The general family functioning and overall school climate were shown to play important role in adolescents\' depression, anxiety, and stress. School nurses and psychiatric nurses may want to respond to the needs of adolescents with depression, anxiety, and stress through campaigns, lectures, and conferences and encourage them to access professional psychological counseling.