背景:24小时运动行为(24-HMB)指南建议儿童和青少年应限制屏幕时间(ST),获得充足的睡眠(SL),并进行足够的体育锻炼(PA)以确保健康和健康发展。符合24-HMB指南与积极的心理健康结果相关(例如,社会和情感功能)在普通人群中。然而,目前尚不清楚这些发现是否适用于患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童和青少年.因此,在患有ASD/ADHD的儿童和青少年中,我们研究了符合24-HMB指南与社会和情绪功能的相关性.
方法:来自2020-2021年全国儿童健康调查的数据-美国国民,以人口为基础,横断面研究-使用。我们提取并分析了诊断为ASD/ADHD共病的儿童和青少年(6至17岁)的数据。运动行为数据(PA,ST,和SL)和特定结果变量(社会功能和情绪功能)通过照顾者代理报告收集。进行Logistic回归以检查符合24-HMB指南与调整协变量的社会和情感结果之间的关联(例如,年龄,性别,种族,体重状态,出生状况,社会经济地位,并接受药物/行为治疗)。
结果:在979名患有ASD/ADHD的儿童和青少年中,只有3.8%符合所有三个24-HMB指南。总的来说,45.0%的参与者至少符合一项指南,25.5%的人至少符合两项准则。与那些不符合任何24-HMB指南的人相比,符合SL+ST指南与社会功能较差的几率较低显著相关(被欺负:OR=0.3,95CI[0.1-0.7];争论:OR=0.2,95CI[0.1-0.4]).此外,符合PA+ST+SL指南与情绪功能较差的几率较低相关(抑郁:OR=0.5,95CI[0.3-0.7]).
结论:会议24-HMB指南与患有ASD/ADHD的美国儿童和青少年更好的社交和情感功能有关;然而,目前很少有患有ASD/ADHD的患者符合所有24-HMB指南。这些结果强调了在面临ASD/ADHD合并症挑战的儿童和青少年中促进遵守24-HMB指南的重要性。这些横断面发现表明,需要从纵向研究中获得进一步的经验证据来支持我们的结论。
BACKGROUND: The 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB)
guidelines recommend that children and adolescents (youth) should limit screen time (ST), get an adequate amount of sleep (SL), and engage in sufficient physical activity (PA) to ensure health and healthy development. Meeting 24-HMB
guidelines is associated with positive mental health outcomes (e.g., social and emotional function) in the general population. However, it is unclear whether such findings extend to youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Thus, we examined associations of meeting 24-HMB
guidelines with social and emotional function in youth with comorbid ASD/ADHD.
METHODS: Data from the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children\'s Health - a U.S. national, population-based, cross-sectional study - were used. We extracted and analyzed data on youth (aged between 6 and 17 years) diagnosed with comorbidity of ASD/ADHD. Data on movement behaviors (PA, ST, and SL) and specific outcome variables (social function and emotional function) were collected through caregiver-proxy reports. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and social and emotional outcomes adjusting for covariates (e.g., age, sex, ethnicity, weight status, birth status, socio-economic status, and receiving medication/behavioral treatment).
RESULTS: Among 979 children and adolescents with comorbid ASD/ADHD, only 3.8 % met all three 24-HMB guidelines. In total, 45.0 % of participants met at least one
guideline, and 25.5 % of those met at least two
guidelines. Compared to those who did not meet any 24-HMB
guidelines, meeting SL + ST
guidelines was significantly associated with lower odds of poorer social function (being bullied: OR = 0.3, 95%CI [0.1-0.7]; arguing: OR = 0.2, 95%CI[0.1-0.4]). Furthermore, meeting PA + ST + SL guidelines was associated with lower odds of poorer emotional function (depression: OR = 0.5, 95%CI[0.3-0.7]).
CONCLUSIONS: Meeting 24-HMB guidelines was associated with better social and emotional function in U.S. youth with comorbid ASD/ADHD; however, currently very few with comorbid ASD/ADHD meet all 24-HMB guidelines. These results emphasize the importance of promoting adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines among youth facing the challenges of comorbid ASD/ADHD. These cross-sectional findings point to the need for further empirical evidence from longitudinal studies to support our conclusions.