■辅助技术已被西方世界的研究人员和公共政策确定为有前途的工具,以应对保持老年人生活质量的挑战,尤其是养老院居民。独立,自主性,和参与是养老院居民生活质量的主要决定因素。如今,维持生活质量是人口逐年增长的公共卫生政策和机构的优先事项。
■本PRISMA-ScR审查旨在确定使用哪些辅助技术来促进自主性,独立性,和养老院居民的社会参与。对英语进行了电子搜索,法国文章确定使用CINAHL的研究,PubMed,科克伦图书馆,PsycINFO,还有Googlescholar.
■2009年至2023年之间发表的12篇论文描述了6种辅助技术:集成到环境中的技术,监测技术,监控技术,信息和通信技术,社会援助机器人,虚拟现实。目前全球使用六种AT来维持自主性,生活在养老院的人的独立性和参与度。他们的使用主要被居民认为是积极的,护理和非护理人员,近亲,和专家尽管有一些关于道德的担忧,金融,考虑。
■尽管如此,它们对居民自治的影响,独立和参与仍然需要使用合适的工具来衡量,以了解它们对老年人生活质量的真正影响。
自治是养老院居民生活质量的决定因素,专业人士,亲属和公共卫生政策是辅助技术(AT)可以支持的主要挑战。使用各种技术,假设它们在疗养院的背景下对用户自主性有影响。然而,它们对居民自治的影响,独立和参与尚不清楚,因为概念没有精确定义,导致难以评估这一现象。仍然需要定义和衡量AT对自主性的影响,独立性,通过使用合适的工具来帮助了解他们对老年人生活质量的真正影响。在疗养院的背景下,但在一般的老龄化背景下,缺乏关于AT有效性的知识。采用混合方法的强大方法可能与解决这一知识差距有关,特别是老年人的自主水平,独立参与。所有用户对AT可接受性的决定因素(居住者本身,亲戚,护理和非护理人员)在很大程度上进行了探索,揭示3类:1-开发人员和机构在开发时可以考虑的一般原则,选择和部署AT(可负担性,伦理考虑,社会正义);2-AT概念期间必须考虑的关于适当设计和技术可靠性的特征(没有错误,失败);3-考虑到4个主要因素的个人预期实施原则:考虑与AT的个人关系;交流AT周围的陈述和恐惧的空间;支持学习如何使用AT;以及AT的感知有效性。关于养老院接受AT的复杂性,使用协作方法来设计和开发AT似乎至关重要,将具有相同目标的不同利益相关者聚集在一起:保持养老院居民的生活质量。
UNASSIGNED: Assistive technologies have been identified by researchers and public policies of the Western world to be promising tools to face the challenge of maintaining quality of life of older people, and especially for nursing home habitants. Independence, autonomy, and participation are major determinants of quality of life of nursing homes habitants. Maintaining quality of life is nowadays a priority for public health policies and institutions of the where the population is growing older every year.
UNASSIGNED: This PRISMA-ScR
review aims to determine which assistive technologies are used to promote autonomy, independence, and social participation of nursing home habitants. An electronic search was conducted for English, French articles to identify research studies using CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Googlescholar.
UNASSIGNED: 12 papers published between 2009 and 2023 described 6 assistive technologies: technologies integrated into the environment, monitoring technologies, surveillance technologies, information and communication technology, social assistance robots, virtual reality. Six types of AT are currently used worldwide to maintain autonomy, independence and participation of people living in nursing homes. Their use is mainly perceived as positive by habitants, care and non-care staff, next of kin, and experts despite some concerns regarding ethical, financial, consideration.
UNASSIGNED: Nevertheless, their impact on habitant\'s autonomy, independence and participation still needs to be measured using suitable tools to understand their real impact on the quality of life of the elderly.
Autonomy is a determinant of Quality of life of nursing home habitants that is well identified by habitants, professionals, relatives and public health policies as a major challenge that can be supported by assistive technology (AT).Various technologies are used for which it is assumed that they have an impact on the user autonomy in the context of nursing home. Nevertheless, their impact on habitant’s autonomy, independence and participation is not clear yet because the concepts are not precisely defined leading to a difficulty to assess the phenomenon. It is still needed to define and measure AT impact on autonomy, independence, and participation by using suitable tools that will help to understand their real impact on the elderly’s’ quality of life.There is a lack of knowledge regarding AT effectiveness is lacking in the context of nursing home but in the context of aging in general. Strong methodologies with mixed-method approaches might be relevant to address this gap of knowledge, particularly on elderly level of autonomy, independence of participation.Determinants of AT acceptability by all users (habitants themselves, relatives, care and non-care staff) are largely explored, revealing 3 categories: 1-General principles that can be considered by developers and institution while developing, choosing and deploying AT (affordability, ethical consideration, social Justice); 2-Characteristics that has to be considered during AT conception regarding suitable design and technical reliability (no bugs, failure); 3- Individual anticipated implementation principles taking in account 4 main elements: Considering individual relationship with AT; A space for exchange on representations and fears around AT; Support to learn how to use AT; and Perceived effectiveness of AT.Regarding the complexity of AT acceptation in the context of nursing homes, it seems essential to use collaborative approaches to design and develop AT, bringing diverse stakeholders together who have the same goal: maintaining quality of life of nursing home habitants.