Sitting

坐着
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    早期运动技能可能是神经发育状况的重要早期标志或其后期发作的预测因子。为了探索这个,我们对那些继续获得自闭症临床诊断的婴儿运动技能评估进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD),精神分裂症,语言条件,抽动障碍,或发育协调障碍(DCD)。总的来说,65篇文章符合纳入标准。进行了三个三级荟萃分析。对N=21354名个体的里程碑成就的荟萃分析显示,与对照组相比,粗大运动里程碑明显延迟(g=0.53,p<0.001)。亚组分析显示,自闭症(g=0.63)和DCD(g=0.53)的延迟幅度最大。具体的延迟被揭示为保持头部(g=0.21),坐(g=0.28),站立(g=0.35),爬行(g=0.19),步行(g=0.71)。对N=1976个体的标准化运动技能测量的荟萃分析显示,在自闭症和语言条件下,与对照组相比,表现降低(g=-0.54,p<0.001)。一起,这些研究结果表明,在神经发育状况下,儿童早期的里程碑达到延迟和运动障碍.
    Early motor skills may be important early markers of neurodevelopmental conditions or predictors of their later onset. To explore this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of infant motor skill assessments in those who go on to gain a clinical diagnosis of autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, language conditions, tic disorders, or developmental coordination disorder (DCD). In total, 65 articles met inclusion criteria. Three three-level meta-analyses were run. Meta-analysis of milestone achievement in N=21354 individuals revealed gross motor milestones were significantly delayed compared to controls (g= 0.53, p< 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed autism (g= 0.63) and DCD (g= 0.53) had the highest magnitude delays. Specific delays were revealed for holding the head up (g= 0.21), sitting (g= 0.28), standing (g= 0.35), crawling (g=0.19), and walking (g= 0.71). Meta-analyses of standardised motor skill measurements in N=1976 individuals revealed reduced performance compared to controls in autism and language conditions (g= -0.54, p< 0.001). Together, these findings demonstrate delayed milestone attainment and motor impairments in early childhood in neurodevelopmental conditions.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文的目的是进一步了解当前关于长时间坐着的文献,坐姿和主动坐姿解决方案。本文分为三个部分:第一部分(第一部分)是关于静态长时间坐姿如何影响的文献的全面概述:脊柱健康,躯干姿势,接触压力/不适发展和血管问题。第二部分(第二部分)回顾并定性比较了ANSI/HFES100-2007中认可的四种工作姿势:斜倚坐,直立坐着,拒绝坐着和站着。最后一部分(第三部分)是对活动椅子的研究的总结,这些活动椅子围绕着两种运动模式:1-在一系列姿势上保持连续运动,偶尔达到中性脊柱前凸,和2-维持腿(或下肢)的日常轻度收缩活动的高频率和持续时间。
    The purpose of this paper is to further understand current literature on prolonged sitting, sitting posture and active sitting solutions. This paper is divided into three sections: The first section (Part I) is a comprehensive overview of the literature on how a static prolonged seated posture can affect: spinal health, trunk posture, contact pressure/discomfort development and vascular issues. The second section (Part II) reviews and qualitatively compares the four working postures recognized in ANSI/HFES 100-2007: reclined sitting, upright sitting, declined sitting and standing. The final section (Part III) is a summary of research on active chairs that revolves around the two types of movement patterns: 1- sustaining continual movement over a range of postures, occasionally reaching neutral lordosis, and 2- maintaining high frequency and duration of daily light contractile activity in the legs (or lower limbs).
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    目的:探讨下肢骨关节炎(OA)患者的体力活动(PA)和久坐行为(SB)以及年龄的影响,性别,和体重指数(BMI)对这些行为的影响。
    方法:系统评价搜索:PubMed,科克伦图书馆,ScienceDirect,和CINAHL数据库从开始到2023年7月进行搜索。研究标准:包括报告临床诊断为LLOA的成人中PA和SB变量的可量化的基于装置或自我报告数据的研究。
    结果:诊断为LLOA的患者的PA和SB水平的合成以及影响年龄,性别,BMI对这些行为有影响。
    结果:从通过电子搜索过程确定的1930年研究中,48符合纳入标准。测量中度和中度至重度PA的样本人群中有33%符合PA指南。没有研究报告每周75分钟或更长时间的剧烈PA。此外,报告SB的人口中有58%每天久坐8小时或更长时间。此外,年龄越来越大,BMI,女性被确定为对PA水平的负面影响。在收集和报告数据的方式上存在许多方法上的不一致,如PA和SBbout持续时间的各种活动监控切点。
    结论:由于低PA和高SB水平,患有LLOA的成年人患非传染性疾病的风险可能增加。重要的是要考虑年龄,性别,和BMI在调查LLOA患者的行为模式时。
    OBJECTIVE: To explore physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) in individuals with lower limb (LL) Osteoarthritis (OA) and the influence of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on these behaviors.
    METHODS: Systematic review search: PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception until July 2023. Study criteria: Studies that reported quantifiable device-based or self-reported data for PA and SB variables in adults clinically diagnosed with LL OA were included.
    RESULTS: A synthesis of PA and SB levels for those diagnosed with LL OA and the influence age, sex, and BMI have on these behaviors.
    RESULTS: From the 1930 studies identified through the electronic search process, 48 met the inclusion criteria. PA guidelines were met by 33% of the sample population that measured moderate and moderate to vigorous PA. No studies reported 75 minutes per week or more of vigorous PA. Additionally, 58% of the population reporting SB were sedentary for 8 hours per day or more. Also, increasing age, BMI, and the female sex were identified as negative influences on PA levels. There were numerous methodological inconsistencies in how data were collected and reported, such as various activity monitor cut points for PA and SB bout duration.
    CONCLUSIONS: Adults with LL OA may be at an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases due to low PA and high SB levels. It is important to consider age, sex, and BMI when investigating behavior patterns in those with LL OA.
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  • 文章类型: Meta-Analysis
    背景:多发性硬化症(MS)患者的体力活动少于普通人群,在该人群中,疾病表现和合并症可能进一步使他们倾向于久坐行为(SB)。我们对MS和非MS对照患者中比较SB的研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析,并检查了可能减轻两组之间SB差异的因素。
    方法:我们使用PubMed进行了系统的搜索,PsycINFO,Scopus,和CINAHL从开始到2022年8月,并确定了涉及MS和非MS对照之间SB结局的分组比较的研究。使用Hedge'sg将效应大小计算为标准化平均差(SMD)。我们生成了用于估计总体效应的多级随机效应模型,并进行了主持人分析。使用横断面研究评估工具(AXIS工具)评估方法学质量。
    结果:纳入了11项研究(1403MSvs.449个对照),并产生了17种效果进行荟萃分析。结果表明总体上很小,但效果显著(SMD[95%CI]=0.27[0.02,0.53],p=0.03),具有显着的异质性(Q16=72.2,p<0.01;I2total=75.8%)。当MS样本中女性比例较高时,影响更大,或当SB报告为与其他SB结局相比每天久坐时间百分比时(分别为p=0.03和0.05).使用AXIS工具,纳入的研究取得了相当好的质量(91.4%)。
    结论:累积证据支持MS患者比非MS对照组参与更多的SB。我们的发现可能支持有针对性的行为改变干预措施的设计,以减少SB并改善MS人群的健康和功能。
    BACKGROUND: Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) engage in less physical activity than the general population, and the disease manifestations and comorbidity conditions might further predispose them toward sedentary behavior (SB) among this population. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies that compared SB in persons with MS and non-MS controls, and examined factors that may moderate the difference in SB between the two groups.
    METHODS: We conducted a systematic search using PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL from inception up to August 2022, and identified studies that involved group comparison of SB outcomes between MS and non-MS controls. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMDs) using Hedge\'s g. We generated a multilevel random-effects model for estimating an overall effect, and performed moderator analyses. Methodological quality was assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool).
    RESULTS: Eleven studies were included (1403 MS vs. 449 controls) and yielded 17 effects for meta-analysis. Results indicated an overall small, but significant effect (SMD [95% CI] = 0.27 [0.02, 0.53], p = 0.03) with significant heterogeneity (Q16 = 72.2, p < 0.01; I2total = 75.8%). There were larger effects when the MS sample had a higher proportion of females, or when SB was reported as percent sedentary time per day compared with other SB outcomes (p = 0.03 and 0.05, respectively). The included studies achieved fairly good quality (91.4%) using the AXIS tool.
    CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative evidence supports that persons with MS engage in more SB than non-MS controls. Our findings may support the design of targeted behavioral change interventions for reducing SB and improving health and function in the MS population.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:本研究旨在研究老年人多用药和/或潜在不适当药物(PIM)使用与体力活动和久坐时间的关系。
    方法:我们从成立到2022年12月在PubMed进行了文献检索,Embase,WebofScience,还有Scopus.
    方法:包括老年人(≥60岁)的观察性研究;英语,葡萄牙语,和西班牙语;多药房的任何定义;PIM使用的隐含和明确标准;身体活动和/或久坐时间数据。
    结果:纳入了14项横断面研究;11项定义为多重用药≥5种药物(患病率为9.5%至57%)。没有研究报告有关PIM使用的信息。大多数研究包括年龄<80岁的参与者。12项研究包括自我报告的身体活动测量,而两项研究使用加速度计测量的身体活动。十项研究包括针对混杂因素进行调整的分析,九人认为多重用药是一种结果。所有这些都证明了体力活动和多重用药之间的负相关,无论复方药的定义和采用的评估方法(自我报告或加速法)。一项研究报告了多重用药(作为暴露)和身体活动(作为结果)之间的负相关。没有一项研究调查了久坐时间与多重用药之间的关系。
    结论:有限的证据表明,老年人的体力活动与多药疗法呈负相关。然而,PIM使用之间的关系,身体活动,久坐的时间仍然未知。需要利用客观测量的身体活动和久坐时间进行纵向研究,以更好地阐明这些运动行为与老年人的多重用药和/或PIM使用之间的关系。
    To map out the studies that have investigated the associations of polypharmacy and/or potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use with physical activity and sedentary time in older adults.
    We conducted a literature search from inception to December 2022 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus.
    observational studies including older adults (≥60 years); English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages; any definition of polypharmacy; implicit and explicit criteria of PIM use; physical activity and/or sedentary time data.
    Fourteen cross-sectional studies were included; 11 defined polypharmacy as ≥5 medications (prevalence ranging from 9.5 % to 57 %). No study reported information on PIM use. Most studies included participants aged <80 years. Twelve studies included self-reported measures of physical activity, while two studies used accelerometer-measured physical activity. Ten studies included analyses adjusted for confounders, and nine considered polypharmacy as an outcome. All of them demonstrated an inverse association between physical activity and polypharmacy, irrespective of the definition of polypharmacy and the assessment method employed (self-reported or accelerometry). One study reported an inverse association between polypharmacy (as the exposure) and physical activity (as the outcome). None of the studies investigated the association between sedentary time and polypharmacy.
    Limited evidence suggests an inverse association between physical activity and polypharmacy in older adults. However, the relationship between PIM use, physical activity, and sedentary time remains unknown. Longitudinal studies utilizing objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time are needed to better clarify the relationship between these movement behaviors and polypharmacy and/or PIM use in older adults.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    久坐行为与疼痛有关,疲劳,这种疾病对纤维肌痛的影响更严重,独立于身体活动水平。尽管有这些知识,很少有人注意估计这个人群的久坐行为。这项荟萃分析的目的是:(A)建立久坐的合并平均时间,(b)调查久坐水平的调节者,(c)探讨纤维肌痛(PwF)患者与年龄和性别匹配的一般人群对照的差异。
    两位独立作者搜索了主要数据库,直到2022年12月1日。进行随机效应荟萃分析。纳入研究的方法学质量采用观察性队列和横断面研究质量评估工具进行评估。
    在7项方法学质量公平的横断面研究中,有1500例纤维肌痛患者(年龄范围=43-53岁)。PwF每天花费545.6分钟(95%CI=523.7-567.5,p<0.001,N=3)从事久坐行为。自我报告问卷以314.3分钟/天高估了久坐水平(95%CI=302.0-326.6,p=0.001,N=2)。PwF在久坐行为中的花费比一般人群对照组多36.14分钟/天(95%CI=16.3-55.9,p<0.001)。
    PwF比一般人群更久坐。然而,由于大量的异质性,有限的可用数据应谨慎考虑。康复的意义纤维肌痛的康复应强调减少久坐行为。卫生专业人员应客观地测量纤维肌痛的久坐水平,因为自我报告严重低估了实际水平。在制定详细的建议之前,需要对纤维肌痛中久坐行为的危险因素进行更多的研究。
    UNASSIGNED: Sedentary behaviour is associated with pain, fatigue, and a more severe impact of the disease in fibromyalgia, independently of physical activity levels. Despite this knowledge, little attention has been attributed to estimate sedentary behaviour in this population. The aims of this meta-analysis were to: (a) establish the pooled mean time spent sedentary, (b) investigate moderators of sedentary levels, and (c) explore differences with age- and gender-matched general population controls in people with fibromyalgia (PwF).
    UNASSIGNED: Two independent authors searched major databases until 1 December 2022. A random effects meta-analysis was performed. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed with the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies.
    UNASSIGNED: Across 7 cross-sectional studies of fair methodological quality, there were 1500 patients with fibromyalgia (age range = 43-53 years). PwF spent 545.6 min/day (95% CI = 523.7-567.5, p < 0.001, N = 3) engaging in sedentary behaviour. Self-reported questionnaires overestimate sedentary levels with 314.3 min/day (95% CI = 302.0-326.6, p = 0.001, N = 2). PwF spent 36.14 min/day (95% CI = 16.3-55.9, p < 0.001) more in sedentary behaviour than general population controls.
    UNASSIGNED: PwF are more sedentary than the general population. The limited available data should however be considered with caution due to substantial heterogeneity.
    Rehabilitation for fibromyalgia should emphasize reducing sedentary behaviour.Health professionals should measure sedentary levels objectively in fibromyalgia since self-report underestimates the actual levels severely.More research on risk factors for sedentary behaviour in fibromyalgia is needed before detailed recommendations can be formulated.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:由于沙特阿拉伯预计未来将面临人口老龄化,如果没有成功的干预措施,由身体活动不足(PA)和过度久坐行为(SB)引起的疾病负担随后可能会增加.本研究批判性地回顾了针对社区居住的老年人的PA干预措施有效性的全球文献,以借鉴沙特阿拉伯未来干预措施的经验教训和应用。
    方法:本系统综述包括旨在提高社区居住老年人PA和/或降低SB的干预措施。我们于2022年7月在两个电子数据库PubMed和Embase中进行了搜索,并用英语确定了相关的同行评审系统综述。
    结果:纳入了15篇针对社区居住老年人的系统评价。一些评论报告说,基于PA或SB的干预措施,包括电子健康干预措施(如自动化建议,远程咨询,数字PA教练,自动PA跟踪和反馈,在线资源,在线社会支持,和视频演示),m健康干预措施,和非电子健康干预措施(如目标设定,个性化反馈,激励会议,电话,面对面的教育,咨询,监督锻炼会议,向参与者家中发送教育材料,音乐,和社会营销计划),在短期内有效(例如,≤3个月),但在研究结果和方法上具有广泛的异质性。关于基于PA和SB的干预措施的研究有限,这些干预措施可能在干预后有效一年或更长时间。大多数评论严重偏向于在西方社区进行的研究,将其推广到沙特阿拉伯和世界其他地区。
    结论:有证据表明,某些PA和SB干预措施可能在短期内有效,但是缺乏有关长期影响的高质量证据。文化,气候,与沙特阿拉伯的PA和SB相关的环境障碍需要创新的方法和研究来评估长期对老年人的干预措施。
    As Saudi Arabia is expected to face population aging in the future, the burden of diseases arising from inadequate physical activity (PA) and excess sedentary behavior (SB) may subsequently increase without successful interventions. The present study critically reviews the global literature on the effectiveness of PA interventions targeting community-dwelling older adults to draw on lessons and applications for future interventions in Saudi Arabia.
    This umbrella review of systematic reviews included interventions designed to increase PA and/or reduce SB in community-dwelling older adults. We conducted searches in July 2022 in two electronic databases-PubMed and Embase-and identified relevant peer-reviewed systematic reviews in English.
    Fifteen systematic reviews focusing on community-dwelling older adults were included. Several reviews reported that PA- or SB-based interventions, including eHealth interventions (such as automated advice, tele-counseling, digital PA coaching, automated PA tracking and feedback, online resources, online social support, and video demonstrations), mHealth interventions, and non-eHealth interventions (such as goal setting, individualized feedback, motivational sessions, phone calls, face-to-face education, counseling, supervised exercise sessions, sending educational materials to participants\' homes, music, and social marketing programs), were effective in the short term (e.g., ≤ 3 months) but with wide heterogeneity in findings and methodologies. There were limited studies on PA- and SB-based interventions that could be effective for one year or more after the intervention. Most reviews were heavily skewed toward studies carried out in Western communities, limiting their generalizability to Saudi Arabia and other parts of the world.
    There is evidence that some PA and SB interventions may be effective in the short term, but high-quality evidence regarding long-term effects is lacking. The cultural, climate, and environmental barriers related to PA and SB in Saudi Arabia require an innovative approach and research to evaluate such interventions in older individuals in the long term.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:沙特阿拉伯正在经历建筑环境的快速发展,并实施政策变更以促进其人口中的身体活动(PA)和减少久坐行为(SB)。鉴于这些发展,本范围审查系统总结了沙特阿拉伯PA/SB的人口水平。
    方法:作者于2021年12月13日搜索了6个数据库,以查找从2018年到搜索日期以英语或阿拉伯语发表的文章。包括在沙特阿拉伯使用基于人群的抽样和测量PA/SB的研究。
    结果:在找到的1272条记录中,797人被筛选,并纳入19项研究(9项6-19岁儿童/青少年,10项15-75岁成人).所有研究都是横断面设计,18项研究仅在一个时间点收集数据,从2009年到2020年。共有18项研究依靠自我报告使用各种问卷评估PA/SB。在儿童/青少年中,大约80%至90%的患者没有达到每天至少60分钟的中度至重度PA,50%至80%的患者每天进行≥2小时的筛查时间或SB。在成年人中,大约50%至95%的PA低或不足(例如,少于PA指南),大约一半的人每天坐着时间≥5小时。在<10岁的儿童和>75岁的成年人中没有发现基于人群的研究。
    结论:在审查的研究中,高比例的参与者不符合PA建议,并且在SB中花费了过多的时间。针对所有年龄段的持续监测工作可能有助于确定干预措施的目标人群,并优先考虑沙特阿拉伯的PA/SB国家战略。
    Saudi Arabia is experiencing rapid development of the built environment and implementing policy changes to promote physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary behavior (SB) among its population. In light of these developments, this scoping review systematically summarized population levels of PA/SB in Saudi Arabia.
    The authors searched 6 databases on December 13, 2021, for articles published in English or Arabic from 2018 to the search date. Studies using population-based sampling in Saudi Arabia and measuring PA/SB were included.
    Of the 1272 records found, 797 were screened, and 19 studies (9 on children/adolescents age 6-19 y and 10 on adults age 15-75 y) were included. All studies were cross-sectional in design, and 18 studies collected data at only one point in time, ranging from 2009 to 2020. A total of 18 studies relied on self-reporting to assess PA/SB using a variety of questionnaires. Among children/adolescents, approximately 80% to 90% did not attain at least 60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous PA and 50% to 80% engaged in ≥2 hours per day of screen time or SB. Among adults, approximately 50% to 95% had low or insufficient PA (eg, less than meeting PA guidelines) and about half had a sitting time of ≥5 hours per day. Population-based studies were not found among children <10 years and adults >75 years.
    A high proportion of participants in the reviewed studies did not meet PA recommendations and spent excessive time in SB. Ongoing surveillance efforts for all ages may help identify target populations for interventions and prioritize the national strategy on PA/SB in Saudi Arabia.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:机械骑马模拟器(HRS)练习是一种基于使用机器人或机械设备的疗法,其产生类似于真实马的运动,目的是模拟海马疗法。这篇综述分析了HRS治疗脑瘫(CP)患者的有效性。
    方法:通过搜索PubMedMedline中的研究进行了系统综述和荟萃分析,Scopus,WebofScience,CINAHL,PEDro和SciELO直到2022年10月。我们选择了评估HRS治疗有效性的临床试验,与其他干预措施相比,CP患者。主要变量是粗大运动功能(其整体得分和维度,如坐姿能力),功能平衡,痉挛,髋关节运动范围(ROM),后尿路平衡和满意度。使用Cochrane偏差风险工具评估偏差风险。使用Cohen的标准化平均差(SMD)以95%置信区间(95%CI)计算合并效应。
    结果:系统综述包括12项研究,10人被纳入荟萃分析,提供343例痉挛型截瘫患者的数据。我们的发现表明,HRS加物理治疗比物理治疗更有效地改善总粗大运动功能(SMD0.98;95%CI0.35-1.62),粗大运动功能的坐位能力(SMD0.84;95%CI0.32-1.36)和功能平衡(SMD0.6;95%CI0.1-1.08),HRS治疗改善骨盆外展ROM优于假手术(SMD0.79;95%CI0.21-1.37)。
    结论:基于骑马模拟器的疗法是改善粗大运动功能的有效疗法,CP患儿的功能平衡和外展骨盆ROM,与物理治疗或假治疗相比。
    BACKGROUND: Mechanical horse-riding simulator (HRS) exercises are a type of therapy based on the use of robotic or mechanical devices that produces movement similar to a real horse with the aim of simulating hippotherapy. This review analyses the effectiveness of HRS therapies in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).
    METHODS: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were carried out by searching studies in PubMed Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL, PEDro and SciELO up until October 2022. We selected clinical trials that assessed the effectiveness of HRS therapy, compared to other interventions, in patients with CP. The main variables were gross motor function (its global score and dimensions, such as sitting ability), functional balance, spasticity, hip range of motion (ROM), posturographic balance and satisfaction. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The pooled effect was calculated using Cohen\'s Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) for a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
    RESULTS: Twelve studies were included in the systematic review, and 10 were included in the meta-analysis, providing data from 343 patients with spastic diplegic CP. Our findings revealed that HRS plus physiotherapy is more effective than physiotherapy in improving the total gross motor function (SMD 0.98; 95% CI 0.35-1.62), sitting ability of the gross motor function (SMD 0.84; 95% CI 0.32-1.36) and functional balance (SMD 0.6; 95% CI 0.1-1.08), and HRS therapy is better than sham to improve pelvic abduction ROM (SMD 0.79; 95% CI 0.21-1.37).
    CONCLUSIONS: Horse-riding simulator-based therapy is an effective therapy to improve gross motor function, functional balance and abduction pelvic ROM in children with CP, in comparison to physiotherapy or sham.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    未经评估:由于新冠肺炎,工作模式发生了巨大变化,许多工人现在至少有一部分工作时间在家里度过。办公室环境已经与高水平的久坐行为有关,有新的证据表明在家工作进一步提高了这些水平。此快速审查(PROSPEROCRD42021278539)的目的是建立在现有证据的基础上,以确定什么可以减少办公环境中的久坐行为,并考虑这些是否可以转移,以支持那些在家工作的人。
    未经评估:系统搜索CENTRAL数据库的结果,MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINHAL,2017年8月10日至2021年9月6日的SportDiscus被添加到2018年Cochrane对基于办公室的久坐干预措施的审查中。对这些参考文献进行了筛选和控制,并进行了同行评审的英语研究,证明了基于办公室的干预措施对健康成年人的久坐行为结果的有益影响。对于每一项研究,五位作者中的两位筛选了标题和摘要,全文,进行了数据提取,并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。由行为改变轮通知,从提取的数据中确定了最常用的干预功能和行为改变技术.最后,研究人员和利益相关方评估了一组常见干预策略样本是否有可能转移到家庭工作环境.
    UNASSIGNED:包括29项干预措施在内的22项研究显示了对久坐结局的有益影响方向。最常用的干预功能是训练(n=21),环境重组(n=21),教育(n=15),和启用(n=15)。在这些中,常用的行为改变技术是关于如何执行行为的说明(n=21),将对象添加到环境中(n=20),重构物理环境(n=19)。那些最有希望转移到家庭环境的策略包括教育材料,使用榜样,激励机制,和提示。
    UNASSIGNED:本综述的特点是干预措施显示出有益的作用方向,以减少办公室久坐行为,并确定了有希望的战略,以支持工人在家庭环境中,随着世界适应新的工作环境。系统审查注册:https://www。crd.约克。AC.uk/prospro/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021278539,标识符CRD42021278539。
    UNASSIGNED: Working patterns have changed dramatically due to COVID-19, with many workers now spending at least a portion of their working week at home. The office environment was already associated with high levels of sedentary behavior, and there is emerging evidence that working at home further elevates these levels. The aim of this rapid review (PROSPERO CRD42021278539) was to build on existing evidence to identify what works to reduce sedentary behavior in an office environment, and consider whether these could be transferable to support those working at home.
    UNASSIGNED: The results of a systematic search of databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, CINHAL, and SportDiscus from 10 August 2017 to 6 September 2021 were added to the references included in a 2018 Cochrane review of office based sedentary interventions. These references were screened and controlled peer-reviewed English language studies demonstrating a beneficial direction of effect for office-based interventions on sedentary behavior outcomes in healthy adults were included. For each study, two of five authors screened the title and abstract, the full-texts, undertook data extraction, and assessed risk of bias on the included studies. Informed by the Behavior Change Wheel, the most commonly used intervention functions and behavior change techniques were identified from the extracted data. Finally, a sample of common intervention strategies were evaluated by the researchers and stakeholders for potential transferability to the working at home environment.
    UNASSIGNED: Twenty-two studies including 29 interventions showing a beneficial direction of effect on sedentary outcomes were included. The most commonly used intervention functions were training (n = 21), environmental restructuring (n = 21), education (n = 15), and enablement (n = 15). Within these the commonly used behavior change techniques were instructions on how to perform the behavior (n = 21), adding objects to the environment (n = 20), and restructuring the physical environment (n = 19). Those strategies with the most promise for transferring to the home environment included education materials, use of role models, incentives, and prompts.
    UNASSIGNED: This review has characterized interventions that show a beneficial direction of effect to reduce office sedentary behavior, and identified promising strategies to support workers in the home environment as the world adapts to a new working landscape.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021278539, identifier CRD42021278539.
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