有一些证据表明，养狗可能会改善老年人的体育锻炼（PA）。但迄今为止,对此进行检查的研究，由于用于记录身体活动的活动监视器的类型，要么依赖于自我报告，要么不完整的数据集。此外,养狗对久坐行为（SB）的影响尚未探讨。当前研究的目的是通过使用activPAL监测仪在独立移动的纵向研究中评估养狗对健康增强PA和SB的影响来解决这些问题，社区居住的老年人。
研究参与者（43对狗主人和非狗主人，在一系列人口统计学变量上匹配)连续三次佩戴activPAL监测器，一年中的一周数据收集期。参与者还报告了他们自己和狗的人口统计信息，关怀责任,完成了唤醒时间的日记。日记数据被用来隔离清醒时间，以及步行时间的结果衡量标准，以中等节奏(>100步/分钟)行走所花费的时间，站立所花费的时间,花时间坐着，坐着事件的数量(连续坐着)，以及长时间(>30分钟)坐着的次数和时间。对于每一项措施，以养狗为固定效应的线性混合效应模型，并使用嵌套在成对嵌套的参与者中的测量点的随机效应结构来评估养狗的效果。
拥有一只狗表示一只大，潜在的健康改善，平均影响22分钟的额外步行时间，95CI(12,34),每天增加2760步，95CI(1667,3991),这种额外的步行以中等强度的节奏进行。狗主人的坐姿事件明显减少。然而,两组坐着的总时间没有显着差异，或长期久坐事件的数量或持续时间。
在这项研究中发现了养狗对PA的影响程度，表明未来关于老年人PA的研究应该评估和报告狗的所有权和/或狗的行走状态。
There is some evidence to suggest that dog ownership may improve physical activity (PA) among older adults, but to date, studies examining this, have either depended on self-report or incomplete datasets due to the type of activity monitor used to record physical activity. Additionally, the effect of dog ownership on sedentary behaviour (SB) has not been explored. The aim of the current study was to address these issues by using activPAL monitors to evaluate the influence of dog ownership on health enhancing PA and SB in a longitudinal study of independently-mobile, community-dwelling older adults.
Study participants (43 pairs of dog owners and non-dog owners, matched on a range of demographic variables) wore an activPAL monitor continuously for three, one-week data collection periods over the course of a year. Participants also reported information about their own and their dog demographics, caring responsibilities, and completed a diary of wake times. Diary data was used to isolate waking times, and outcome measures of time spent walking, time spent walking at a moderate cadence (>100 steps/min), time spent standing, time spent
sitting, number of
sitting events (continuous periods of
sitting), and the number of and of time spent
sitting in prolonged events (>30 min). For each measure, a linear mixed effects model with dog ownership as a fixed effect, and a random effects structure of measurement point nested in participant nested in pair was used to assess the effect of dog ownership.
Owning a dog indicated a large, potentially health improving, average effect of 22 min additional time spent walking, 95%CI (12, 34), and 2760 additional steps per day, 95%CI (1667, 3991), with this additional walking undertaken at a moderate intensity cadence. Dog owners had significantly fewer
sitting events. However, there were no significant differences between the groups for either the total time spent
sitting, or the number or duration of prolonged sedentary events.
The scale of the influence of dog ownership on PA found in this study, indicates that future research regarding PA in older adults should assess and report dog ownership and/or dog walking status.
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