BACKGROUND: Salutogenesis focuses on understanding the factors that contribute to positive health outcomes. At the core of the model lies the sense of coherence (SOC), which plays a crucial role in promoting well-being and resilience.
OBJECTIVE: Using the validscale Stata command, we aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the French version of the 3-dimension 13-item SOC questionnaire (SOC-13), encompassing the comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness dimensions. We also aimed to determine if a refined scale, assessed through this method, exhibits superior psychometric properties compared to the SOC-13.
METHODS: A sample of 880 consecutive primary care patients recruited from 35 French practices were asked to complete the SOC-13. We tested for internal consistency and scalability using the Cronbach α and Loevinger H coefficients, respectively, and we tested for construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis and goodness-of-fit indices (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] and comparative fit index [CFI]).
RESULTS: Of the 880 eligible patients, 804 (91.4%) agreed to participate (n=527, 65.6% women; median age 51 years). Cronbach α and Loevinger H coefficients for the SOC-13 were all <0.70 and <0.30, respectively, indicating poor internal consistency and poor scalability (0.64 and 0.29 for comprehensibility, 0.56 and 0.26 for manageability, and 0.46 and 0.17 for meaningfulness, respectively). The RMSEA and CFI were >0.06 (0.09) and <0.90 (0.83), respectively, indicating a poor fit. By contrast, the psychometric properties of a unidimensional 8-item version of the SOC questionnaire (SOC-8) were excellent (Cronbach α=0.82, Loevinger H=0.38, RMSEA=0.05, and CFI=0.97).
CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric properties of the 3-dimension SOC-13 were poor, unlike the unidimensional SOC-8. A questionnaire built only with these 8 items could be a good candidate to measure the SOC. However, further validation studies are needed before recommending its use in research.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the associated factors of self-neglect in older adults from a salutogenic perspective.
METHODS: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in two communities in Beijing with 486 older adults recruited from April to December 2022. Data were collected by a set of questionnaires.
RESULTS: Sense of coherence (β=-0.138), socio-demographic generalized resistance resources (GRRs) (smoking: β=0.156), social GRRs (living alone: β=0.093), psychological GRRs (self-esteem: β=-0.126), and motivational GRRs (powerful others locus of control: β=-0.199, chance locus of control: β=0.119) were all associated with self-neglect among older adults (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Sense of coherence and GRRs are vital to improve self-neglect in older adults. It is suggested to increase the level of self-esteem and the tendency of the health locus of control to largely facilitate self-neglect management in older adults.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a theory-driven multimodal cancer rehabilitation intervention (MCRI) programme among Hong Kong Chinese women treated for female reproductive cancers (FRC).
METHODS: A single-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted in two regional hospitals in Hong Kong involving 35 women treated for FRC. The intervention group (n = 18) received a 12-week MCRI which included 30 modules of app-based health education and three nurse-led individual counselling sessions. The control group (n = 17) received attention from the research nurse through telephone calls. Sense of coherence, health-related quality of life, and cancer-specific distress were measured at baseline (T0), immediately after completion of the intervention (T1) and 12 weeks post-intervention (T2). Twelve intervention completers were interviewed to explore the acceptability of the programme.
RESULTS: Recruitment, consent, and retention rates, counselling session attendance rate, and app usage were satisfactory. The intervention participants reported to have significant improvement in physical well-being at T1 (Cohen\'s d effect size (d) = 1.04, 95% CI 0.24, 1.83), sense of coherence (d = 0.76, 95% CI - 0.03, 1.54), and cancer-specific distress (d = 1.03, 95% CI - 1.83, - 0.21) at T2. Interviewed participants acknowledged the benefits of the programme and provided comments for improvement.
CONCLUSIONS: The MCRI is found to be feasible and acceptable and may improve their sense of coherence, distress, and physical health. A full-scale trial using a larger and more representative sample is warranted to confirm the effects of the programme.
CONCLUSIONS: Women treated for FRC may be benefited from the MCRI in improving sense of coherence, physical well-being, and distress.
BACKGROUND: This trial was registered on ISRCTN registry with ID ISRCTN73177277.

UNASSIGNED: Mindful movement is a comprehensive approach that integrates various bodily, emotional and cognitive aspects into physical activity, promoting overall well-being. This study assessed the impact of a mindful movement program, known as Movimento Biologico (MB), on participants psychological well-being (PWB), positive mental health (PMH), sense of coherence (SOC), and interoceptive awareness.
UNASSIGNED: MB program was conducted for students attending the bachelor\'s degree in Kinesiology and Sport Sciences of University of Perugia over 8 weeks (from October 16 to November 27, 2022). Participants were requested to fill in four questionnaires before and after the MB program: (1) 18-item PWB scale; (2) 9-item PMH scale; (3) 13-item SOC scale; (4) 32-item scale for Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes, with significance set at p < 0.05.
UNASSIGNED: Thirty-eight students (mean age 21.2, 60.5% male) participated. Several MAIA subscales, including noticing (p = 0.003), attention management (p = 0.002), emotional awareness (p = 0.007), self-regulation (p < 0.001), body listening (p = 0.001), and trusting (p = 0.001), showed significant improvements. PMH increased significantly (p = 0.015), and there was a significant enhancement in the autonomy subscale of PWB (p = 0.036). SOC and overall PWB also improved, though not significantly.
UNASSIGNED: The MB program significantly improved participants\' positive mental health and interoceptive awareness. This likely resulted from better recognition and management of positive physiological sensations, a stronger link between physical sensations and emotions, enhanced confidence in one\'s body, and increased autonomy.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship among treatment adherence, the light triad of personality, self-coherence, and psychological well-being in individuals diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to elucidate the direct and mediated pathways linking these variables, while network analysis sought to identify and characterize the underlying factors of the light triad of personality within the context of T2DM management.
METHODS: A path analysis-network analysis study using convenience sampling was conducted, recruiting 412 T2DM patients from ten private practices and general hospitals in Gilan province, Iran. Data collection utilized Antonovsky\'s Self of Coherence scale (SOC), The Light Triad Rating Scale, and The Reef\'s Psychological Well-being Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling assessed model fitness and determined direct and indirect links between variables. Analysis was conducted using R-Studio software (Version 4.2.1), SPSS (V.26), and AMOS software (V.24).
RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the Light Triad of Personality scale. Direct impacts of Light Triad of Personality (β = 0.34, p < .001) and self-coherence (β = 0.32, p < .001) on treatment adherence were observed. Psychological well-being played an indirect role in this relationship, with significant effects from Light Triad of Personality (β = 0.25, p < .001) and self-coherence (β = 0.08, p < .001) on treatment adherence. Bootstrapped exploratory graph analysis revealed an average of 3 dimensions within the network, indicating community structures.
CONCLUSIONS: SEM analysis demonstrated good model fit, suggesting the importance of designing interventional programs incorporating self-coherence and psychological well-being frameworks to enhance treatment adherence in T2DM patients.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate how people with neuromuscular disease or spinal cord injury experience living with a personal assistance service.
UNASSIGNED: Qualitative study using the Interpretive Description methodology with Aaron Antonovsky\'s theory of sense of coherence as a theoretical framework. The method was semi-structured individual interviews (n = 3) and focus group interviews (n = 5). In all, 19 adults with neuromuscular disease (n = 13) or spinal cord injury (n = 6) participated. The study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines.
UNASSIGNED: Three themes were identified to understand living with personal assistance and how this affected everyday life: 1) Making meaning of a personal assistance service, 2) Managing a personal assistance service, and 3) Living with a personal shadow. Our findings provide an understanding of living with assistance and how it, among other things, is influenced by the legislation and the local authorities\' administration of the service. Participants explained this by an experience of a sense of coherence.
UNASSIGNED: For people with NMD and SCI, there are complex nuances associated with living with a personal assistance service. The findings illustrate that despite personal challenges of managing assistance services, it can meaningfully contribute to one\'s life by enhancing one\'s sense of coherence.
Policy initiatives are important to help people living with neuromuscular disease (NMD) or spinal cord injury (SCI) access flexible personal assistance services, which can enable them to lead independent lives with enhanced meaningfulness.Professionals of people with NMD and SCI should provide knowledge and counseling on how to manage their personal assistance service, which includes taking into account practical, physical, and psychosocial considerations.To ensure optimizing the design and delivery of personal assistance services for the NMD and SCI populations, it is critical that policymakers are made aware of both the positive and challenging aspects of personal assistance services, and should consider engaging persons with lived experience when developing (or re-evaluating) them.

BACKGROUND: A person\'s sense of coherence (SoC) is likely to affect coping when exposed to a life changing event like the COVID -19 pandemic, which impacted the older population especially hard, an age group that already suffers from a lot of mental illness. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between SoC and mental health in older adults using both screening scales and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC).
METHODS: A cross-sectional design studying a cohort of 70-80 years old, N = 260, set in Swedish primary care during the pandemic years 2021-2022. Instruments used are sense of coherence 13 (SoC-13), EQ-5D-3L, Geriatric depression scale 20 (GDS-20), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10). Sociodemography and factors concerning SoC, and mental health are explored. HCC are measured using radioimmunoassay. Outcome measures are factors independently associated with SoC. Linear regression models were performed with SoC as dependent variable, and priory path analyses explored whether associations with SoC were direct, or indirect via anxiety.
RESULTS: SoC was significantly associated with anxiety (p < 0.001), perceived economic status (p = 0.003), belief in the future (p = 0.001), and perceived negative mental effect from the COVID -19 pandemic (p = 0.002). The latter was 96% indirectly associated with SoC (p < 0.001), whereas perceived economic status together with belief in the future was 82% directly associated with SoC (p = 0.17). HCC and sex were not significantly associated with SoC, but, noticeably, high HCC was equally distributed between women and men. Women reported significantly lower quality of life (p = 0.03), and more symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, belief in the future, perceived negative effect on mental health due to the pandemic, and perceived economic status were significantly associated with SoC. Anxiety is suggested to be important in explaining the association between perceived negative mental effect from the COVID-19 pandemic and SoC. Women reported significantly poorer mental health and life quality than men.

BACKGROUND: Despite evidence that physical exercises have been helpful in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, it is unclear whether these data can be generalized to bipolar disorder. The use of physical exercises is challenging and hopeful among patients with bipolar disorders. Few studies have examined the efficacy of physical exercise for patients with bipolar disorders.
OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effect of applying physical exercises program on social functioning, alexithymia, and sense of coherence among patients with bipolar disorders.
METHODS: This study followed a randomized control trial design \"pre and post-test.\" Patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 25) and control groups (Waiting list) (n = 25). The Social Functioning Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Sense of Coherence scales were applied in the study. Pre-test and post-tests were administered to investigate the effect of applying the physical exercises program between December 2022 to March 2023.
RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the mean sense of coherence and social functioning scores among the study group. Mean alexithymia scores were significantly decreased among the study group between pre, immediately after, and after a three-month follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: Physical exercises are an adjunctive treatment modality that is helpful for patients with bipolar disorders. Nurse educators and service providers should reconsider the physical health care requirements for patients with bipolar disorders to equip them to manage the common comorbidities in people with mental illness.

The restorative effect of physical activity in alpine environments on mental and physical health is well recognized. However, a risk of accidents and post-accident mental health problems is inherent to every sport. We aimed to characterize mental health in individuals following mountain sport accidents requiring professional medical management. Adult victims of mountain sport accidents treated at the hospital of the Medical University of Innsbruck (Austria) between 2018 and 2020 completed a cross-sectional survey at least 6 months following the admission (median 44 months, n = 307). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD, PCL-5), anxiety, depression, and somatization (PHQ), resilience (RS-13), sense of coherence (SOC-9L), post-traumatic growth (PTGI), and quality of life (EUROHIS-QOL), as well as sociodemographic and clinical information, were obtained from an online survey and extracted from electronic health records. Mental health outcome patterns were investigated by semi-supervised medoid clustering and modeled by machine learning. Symptoms of PTSD were observed in 19% of participants. Three comparably sized subsets of participants were identified: a (1) neutral, (2) post-traumatic growth, and (3) post-traumatic stress cluster. The post-traumatic stress cluster was characterized by high prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders, low resilience, low sense of coherence, and low quality of life as well as by younger age, the highest frequency of pre-existing mental disorders, and persisting physical health consequences of the accident. Individuals in this cluster self-reported a need for psychological or psychiatric support following the accident and more cautious behavior during mountain sports since the accident. Reliability of machine learning-based prediction of the cluster assignment based on 40 variables available during acute medical treatment of accident victims was limited. A subset of individuals show symptoms of mental health disorders including symptoms of PTSD when assessed at least 6 months after mountain sport accident. Since early identification of these vulnerable patients remains challenging, psychoeducational measures for all patients and low-threshold access to mental health support are key for a successful interdisciplinary management of victims of mountain sport accidents.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the potential profiles of self-psychological adjustment in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy, including sense of coherence (SOC) and positive cognitive emotion regulation (PCER). The relationship between these profiles with post-traumatic growth (PTG) and the relevant factors of self-psychological adjustment in different profiles was analysed.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy in China.
METHODS: A total of 330 patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited out of which 321 completed the questionnaires effectively.
METHODS: Latent profile analysis was used to identify self-psychological adjustment classes based on the two subscales of the Sense of Coherence Scale and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regression were performed to examine the subgroup association with characteristics and PTG.
RESULTS: Three latent profiles of self-psychological adjustment were identified: low level (54.5%), high SOC-low PCER (15.6%) and high PCER (29.9%). The results of univariate analysis showed a significant difference in PTG scores among different self-psychological adjustment subgroups (F=11.55, p<0.001). Patients in the high-PCER group were more likely living in urban areas (OR=2.41, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.97, p=0.02), and time since cancer diagnosis was ≥6 months and <1 year (OR=3.54, 95% CI 1.3 to 9.64, p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that most patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy belonged to the low-level group. Three profiles are associated with PTG. There were differences in characteristics between patients treated with chemotherapy for lung cancer in the high-PCER and low-PCER groups. Thus, these profiles provide useful information for developing targeted individualised interventions based on demographic characteristics that would assist PTG in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.