UNASSIGNED: The pathogenic model guides the study of risk factors for the disease; the salutogenic model guides the study of health assets, focused on problem solving, the ability of people to use their available resources and perceive their lives as coherent, structured and understandable. Its central element is the sense of coherence (SOC). The relationship of SOC with different phases of diabetes has been demonstrated, but not in diabetic debutants.
UNASSIGNED: To evaluate the magnitude of the association of SOC between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) debutants and absentees in people detected in the PREVENIMSS module.
UNASSIGNED: case-control design. Cases were T2DM debutants with fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL; controls, people with plasma glucose < 100 mg/dL. Sample size was estimated for independent groups (101 cases and 202 controls) in which the SOC-29 questionnaire was administered; socio-demographic data was recorded and their file was reviewed. Reliability of SOC-29 was analyzed; univariate analysis, chi-squared and binary logistic regression were used to estimate association and odds ratio (OR).
UNASSIGNED: T2DM debutants were 5 times more likely to achieve a low SOC score than patients without T2DM (p = 0.002; OR: 5.31, 95% confidence interval: 1.81-15.53).
UNASSIGNED: High sense of coherence is an asset for the health of T2DM debutants; it is proposed to incorporate this topic into the DIABETIMSS program.
UNASSIGNED: el modelo patogénico orienta a estudiar factores de riesgo para la enfermedad; el modelo salutogénico orienta a estudiar activos para la salud y está centrado en la resolución de problemas, la capacidad de las personas para usar sus recursos disponibles y percibir su vida como coherente, estructurada y comprensible. Su elemento central es el sentido de coherencia (SOC). Está demostrada la relación del SOC con diferentes fases de la diabetes, pero no con el debut diabético.
UNASSIGNED: evaluar la magnitud de la asociación del SOC entre debutante y ausente de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) en personas detectadas en el módulo PREVENIMSS.
UNASSIGNED: diseño de casos y controles. Los casos fueron personas debutantes de DMT2 con glucemia plasmática en ayuno ≥ 126 mg/dL; los controles, personas con glucemia plasmática < 100 mg/dL. Se estimó tamaño de muestra para grupos independientes (101 casos y 202 controles) en los que se aplicó cuestionario SOC-29; se registraron datos sociodemográficos y se revisó su expediente. Se analizó la confiabilidad del SOC-29; se empleó análisis univariado, chi cuadrado y regresión logística binaria para estimar asociación y razón de momios (RM).
UNASSIGNED: los pacientes debutantes de DMT2 tenían 5 veces más probabilidad de alcanzar una puntuación de SOC baja que los pacientes sin DMT2 (p = 0.002; RM 5.31, intervalo de confianza del 95% 1.81-15.53).
UNASSIGNED: el sentido de coherencia alto es un activo para la salud del debutante de DMT2; se propone incorporar este tema al programa DIABETIMSS.

The article provides a novel look at the links between salutogenesis, health promotion, and urban design supported by the findings of recent research on local high streets and their benefits for the well-being of older people. Salutogenesis and the related explanatory concept of sense of coherence (SOC) have provided a theoretical framework for developing healthy settings interventions, shifting the focus from exploring barriers and deficits to assets and resources in promoting people\'s health and well-being. While these concepts have informed policies and programmes at the level of regions and cities, no attempt has been made to establish more direct links with the disciplines devoted to the organization and design of the built environment at the scale of public spaces and streets. This article advances the idea that the main categories of SOC-comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness-have found application in urban design theory. Linking these categories with urban design concepts in a comprehensive framework, it is possible to guide interventions aimed at strenghtening well-being resources available in the public realm. This is corroborated by the findings resulting from a study of the well-being experiences of older people (n = 84) across a range of local high streets in the city of Edinburgh (UK) applying an innovative multi-methods approach. The discussion establishes the links between well-being benefits, SOC constructs and urban design concepts, and underscores the potential of the proposed framework to guide a design-oriented salutogenic approach to the built environment.
In this article, we propose a novel conceptual framework that links health promotion and the theory of salutogenesis with key concepts commonly used in the urban design. The framework is articulated in relation to the findings of recent research on main neighbourhood commercial streets in Edinburgh (UK)—local high streets—and their benefits for the well-being of older people. Salutogenesis theory and related concepts have emphasized the role that everyday environments can have in promoting people’s health and well-being, through the opportunities for social interaction and access to material resources they provide. They have informed policies and programmes at city-wide level but not at the scale of streets and public spaces, which is the spatial domain of urban design. The proposed framework establishes the links for a design-oriented salutogenic approach to the built environment and suggests a range of interventions in local high streets that can benefit an ageing population.

Entrepreneurial resilience refers to the capacity to face, overcome and project oneself after suffering life events with a negative impact. Emerging adulthood and the characteristics of university life facilitate the occurrence of stressful situations that can affect well-being. The aim of this phenomenological research is to explore the strategic components of entrepreneurial resilience and how young university students have shaped their entrepreneurial resilience after experiencing negative life events. The present research is a multiple case study that was developed through a mixed methodology. The methodological sequence was quantitative and qualitative, with priority given to the qualitative phase of the research. Ten university students with high levels of resilience were interviewed. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that resilience is built through intrapersonal and exopersonal processes. These processes make up a set of strategic dimensions related to entrepreneurial behaviour that are used for the construction of personal projects.

This study investigated the current design circumstances of an office as well as employees\' perceptions of the office environment in relation to their perceived health, drawing on sense of coherence theory (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness). Previous studies have related the physical office environment to employee health. However, most studies have focused on alleviating negative effects, while health-promoting potential, including employee sense of coherence, has been overlooked. This study adopted a mixed method case study approach, combining semi-structured interviews with employees, structured observations, and analysis of architectural drawings. The results indicated that employees\' perceptions did not always align with the ideas behind the architectural design and that employees understood the environment differently. The study also highlighted the interrelations (and contradictions) among the different components of sense of coherence. The findings imply that organizations may need to prioritize which components of coherence should be supported most by the office environment. It also suggests that case-specific design aspects should play a more central role in studying and conceptualizing healthy office design and that design solutions should be continuously modified during the use phase, while ensuring employees\' participation. The study concluded that an \'ideal\' office environment should not be the goal. Instead, office design should provide an environment in which employees are able to cope with challenges in comprehensible, manageable and meaningful ways.

Purpose: This study explored whether the holistic theory of salutogenesis may be a suitable theoretical framework for the Clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation, a pioneer among psychosocial rehabilitation programmes.Methods: A systematic examination of elements of the Clubhouse model, as prescribed by the Clubhouse standards, was performed within the context of the theory of salutogenesis including its basic salutogenic orientation and the main concepts of sense of coherence and resistance resources.Results: We found that several standards and practices within the Clubhouse model can be understood as applications of salutogenesis. We have hypothesized that the Clubhouse model promotes peoples\' sense of coherence and mental health. However, our investigation also showed that, to enhance the recovery of Clubhouse members, more explicitly incorporating some salutogenic principles, such as \"appropriate challenges\" and \"active adaptation as the ideal in treatment\", may benefit Clubhouse practice.Conclusions: The Clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation is very consistent with the salutogenic orientation and main salutogenic concepts. The present study suggests that salutogenesis may be a suitable theoretical framework for the Clubhouse model and possibly in the psychosocial rehabilitation field in general.

At the University of Central Lancashire, in the North West of England, United Kingdom (UK) the midwifery team introduced a new and innovative case-based learning (CBL) curriculum for the undergraduate midwifery course. CBL is a student-centred approach to teaching and learning and encourages students to learn from each other, develop essential skills when caring for women and families including collaborative working and effective communication. In this article we share our approach and experiences of developing and delivering a CBL curriculum informed by salutogenesis, including how it enabled us to support effective learning and skill development for women and families.

Cognitive remediation therapy represents a new approach to the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) emerging from research, suggesting that adults with chronic AN have specific neurocognitive inefficiencies. Specifically, adults with AN demonstrate an overly detailed cognitive processing bias (Roberts, Tchanturia, & Treasure, 2013) and difficulties shifting set quickly and efficiently (Roberts, Tchanturia, Stahl, Southgate, & Treasure, 2007). These characteristics manifest as rigid, rule-bound, and detail-focused cognitions, beliefs, and behaviors. Versions of these problems appear to persist after weight restoration (Tchanturia et al., 2004) and are observable in patient\'s healthy sisters (Roberts et al., 2013). Thus, central coherence difficulties and set-shifting problems have been proposed as endophenotypes and maintaining factors of AN (Roberts et al., 2013). (PsycINFO Database Record

Twenty years have passed since the publication of the seminal paper \'The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion\' (Health Promot Int 1996;11:11-18.), in which Antonovsky proposed salutogenesis and its central construct sense of coherence as a way of boosting the theoretical basis for health promotion activities. Since then there has been a notable amount of conceptual and empirical work carried out to further explore its significance. The aim of this paper is to critically assess the current theoretical status of salutogenesis and its utility to advance effective health promotion practice for young people. The assessment was carried out in the context of contemporary international policy agendas on well-being. An analytic framework was developed using the previous literature on the definition and function of theory. This organizing framework comprised four criteria: description, explanation, prediction and measurability. The paper concludes with a perspective on the status of salutogenesis as a theory and how it can be further developed. Specifically, the critical assessment highlighted that salutogenesis has been subjected to considerable empirical testing over the last few decades resulting in convincing evidence of the relevance and subsequent advancement of the idea. However, less emphasis seems to have been placed on a systematic process of testing and iteration to develop its theoretical basis. The paper identifies a number of aspects that should be developed to support the progression of salutogenesis to the next level. A research-practice cycle approach is proposed that can facilitate that important next step.

This qualitative case study explored one client\'s recovery from borderline personality disorder, trauma, and problem gambling. The client attended 18 months of integrative treatment and was followed for 5 years. The study included 106 data points of both client and therapist data. We identified three phases to treatment. First, alliance formation and normalization appeared as mechanisms, and the client experienced dependence. Second, working alliance and countertransference appeared as mechanisms, and the client experienced reduced gambling and suicidal ideation. Third, external controls and increased opportunity appeared as mechanisms, and \"moving into the world\" was the client experience. The findings give preliminary support to a phase-based constructivist treatment including trauma assessment to normalize self-feelings, countertransference work to support motivation for restraint, and case management principles to support continuity of change efforts.

BACKGROUND: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal disorder, that affects approximately 10% of the general population and the majority are diagnosed in primary care. IBS has been reported to be associated with altered psychological and cognitive functioning such as mood disturbances, somatization, catastrophizing or altered visceral interoception by negative emotions and stress. The aim was to investigate the psychosocial constructs of self-esteem and sense of coherence among IBS patients compared to non-IBS patients in primary care.
METHODS: A case-control study in primary care setting among IBS patients meeting the ROME III criteria (n = 140) compared to controls i.e. non-IBS patients (n = 213) without any present or previous gastrointestinal complaints. The data were collected through self-reported questionnaires of psychosocial factors.
RESULTS: IBS-patients reported significantly more negative self-esteem (p < 0.001), lower scores for positive self-esteem (p < 0.001), and lower sense of coherence (p < 0.001) than the controls. The IBS-cases were also less likely to report \'good\' health status (p < 0.001) and less likely to report a positive belief in the future (p < 0.001). After controlling for relevant confounding factors in multiple regressions, the elevation in negative self-esteem among IBS patients remained statistically significant (p = 0.02), as did the lower scores for sense of coherence among IBS cases (p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: The more frequently reported negative self-esteem and inferior coping strategies among IBS patients found in this study suggest the possibility that psychological therapies might be helpful for these patients. However these data do not indicate the causal direction of the observed associations. More research is therefore warranted to determine whether these psychosocial constructs are more frequent in IBS patients.