PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: A person\'s sense of coherence (SoC) is likely to affect coping when exposed to a life changing event like the COVID -19 pandemic, which impacted the older population especially hard, an age group that already suffers from a lot of mental illness. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between SoC and mental health in older adults using both screening scales and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC).
METHODS: A cross-sectional design studying a cohort of 70-80 years old, N = 260, set in Swedish primary care during the pandemic years 2021-2022. Instruments used are sense of coherence 13 (SoC-13), EQ-5D-3L, Geriatric depression scale 20 (GDS-20), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10). Sociodemography and factors concerning SoC, and mental health are explored. HCC are measured using radioimmunoassay. Outcome measures are factors independently associated with SoC. Linear regression models were performed with SoC as dependent variable, and priory path analyses explored whether associations with SoC were direct, or indirect via anxiety.
RESULTS: SoC was significantly associated with anxiety (p < 0.001), perceived economic status (p = 0.003), belief in the future (p = 0.001), and perceived negative mental effect from the COVID -19 pandemic (p = 0.002). The latter was 96% indirectly associated with SoC (p < 0.001), whereas perceived economic status together with belief in the future was 82% directly associated with SoC (p = 0.17). HCC and sex were not significantly associated with SoC, but, noticeably, high HCC was equally distributed between women and men. Women reported significantly lower quality of life (p = 0.03), and more symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, belief in the future, perceived negative effect on mental health due to the pandemic, and perceived economic status were significantly associated with SoC. Anxiety is suggested to be important in explaining the association between perceived negative mental effect from the COVID-19 pandemic and SoC. Women reported significantly poorer mental health and life quality than men.
METHODS: A cross-sectional design studying a cohort of 70-80 years old, N = 260, set in Swedish primary care during the pandemic years 2021-2022. Instruments used are sense of coherence 13 (SoC-13), EQ-5D-3L, Geriatric depression scale 20 (GDS-20), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and Perceived stress scale 10 (PSS-10). Sociodemography and factors concerning SoC, and mental health are explored. HCC are measured using radioimmunoassay. Outcome measures are factors independently associated with SoC. Linear regression models were performed with SoC as dependent variable, and priory path analyses explored whether associations with SoC were direct, or indirect via anxiety.
RESULTS: SoC was significantly associated with anxiety (p < 0.001), perceived economic status (p = 0.003), belief in the future (p = 0.001), and perceived negative mental effect from the COVID -19 pandemic (p = 0.002). The latter was 96% indirectly associated with SoC (p < 0.001), whereas perceived economic status together with belief in the future was 82% directly associated with SoC (p = 0.17). HCC and sex were not significantly associated with SoC, but, noticeably, high HCC was equally distributed between women and men. Women reported significantly lower quality of life (p = 0.03), and more symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, belief in the future, perceived negative effect on mental health due to the pandemic, and perceived economic status were significantly associated with SoC. Anxiety is suggested to be important in explaining the association between perceived negative mental effect from the COVID-19 pandemic and SoC. Women reported significantly poorer mental health and life quality than men.
摘要：
背景：当暴露于像COVID-19大流行这样的改变生活的事件时，一个人的连贯感（SoC）可能会影响应对，这对老年人口的影响尤其严重，一个已经患有很多精神疾病的年龄组。因此，本研究的目的是使用筛查量表和毛发皮质醇浓度(HCC),调查老年人SoC与心理健康之间的关联.
方法：横断面设计研究70-80岁的队列，N=260，在2021-2022年的大流行期间在瑞典初级保健中设定。使用的仪器是连贯感13(SoC-13)，EQ-5D-3L,老年抑郁量表20(GDS-20),医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS），和感知压力量表10(PSS-10)。社会人口学和有关SoC的因素，并探索心理健康。使用放射免疫测定法测量HCC。结果测量是与SoC独立相关的因素。线性回归模型以SoC为因变量，先验路径分析探索了与SoC的关联是否直接，或间接通过焦虑。
结果：SoC与焦虑显着相关（p<0.001），感知的经济地位(p=0.003)，对未来的信念（p=0.001），并感知到COVID-19大流行的负面心理效应（p=0.002）。后者与SoC间接相关为96%(p<0.001)，而感知的经济地位以及对未来的信念与SoC直接相关（p=0.17）。HCC和性别与SoC无显著相关性，但是,明显,高HCC在男女之间分布均匀。女性报告的生活质量明显下降（p=0.03），和更多的焦虑症状（p=0.001）和抑郁症（p<0.001）。
结论：焦虑，对未来的信念,大流行对心理健康的负面影响，感知的经济状况与SoC显著相关。焦虑被认为对解释COVID-19大流行所感知的负面心理效应与SoC之间的关系很重要。女性报告的心理健康和生活质量明显低于男性。
方法：横断面设计研究70-80岁的队列，N=260，在2021-2022年的大流行期间在瑞典初级保健中设定。使用的仪器是连贯感13(SoC-13)，EQ-5D-3L,老年抑郁量表20(GDS-20),医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS），和感知压力量表10(PSS-10)。社会人口学和有关SoC的因素，并探索心理健康。使用放射免疫测定法测量HCC。结果测量是与SoC独立相关的因素。线性回归模型以SoC为因变量，先验路径分析探索了与SoC的关联是否直接，或间接通过焦虑。
结果：SoC与焦虑显着相关（p<0.001），感知的经济地位(p=0.003)，对未来的信念（p=0.001），并感知到COVID-19大流行的负面心理效应（p=0.002）。后者与SoC间接相关为96%(p<0.001)，而感知的经济地位以及对未来的信念与SoC直接相关（p=0.17）。HCC和性别与SoC无显著相关性，但是,明显,高HCC在男女之间分布均匀。女性报告的生活质量明显下降（p=0.03），和更多的焦虑症状（p=0.001）和抑郁症（p<0.001）。
结论：焦虑，对未来的信念,大流行对心理健康的负面影响，感知的经济状况与SoC显著相关。焦虑被认为对解释COVID-19大流行所感知的负面心理效应与SoC之间的关系很重要。女性报告的心理健康和生活质量明显低于男性。
