背景:认识到新型消毒策略对改善细菌控制以最终促进组织再生的必要性,这项研究开发并表征了负载抗生素的丝素甲基丙烯酸酯(SilkMA)支架,用于再生牙髓。
方法:将含有克林霉素(CLI)或替硝唑(TIN)(0-对照;5、10或15%w/w)或两种药物的组合(BiMix®CLI/TIN10%)的基于SilkMA的溶液(10%w/v)进行电纺和光交联。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)评估形态和组成。此外,还确定了溶胀和降解曲线。在来自根尖乳头(SCAP)的干细胞中评估细胞毒性。使用对Aggregatibacter放线菌/Aa的直接和间接接触测定法测试了抗菌功效,放线菌naeslundii/An,粪肠球菌/Ef,和具核梭杆菌/Fn。对于负载BiMix的支架,特别评价了对牙本质盘的粪肠球菌生物膜抑制。对数据进行统计学分析,显著性水平为5%。
结果:SEM显示所有支架都具有相似的特性,包括纤维形态和无珠。FTIR显示CLI和TIN掺入到纤维和BiMix支架中。载有抗生素的支架表现出比对照更低的溶胀能力,并且在45天后完全降解。装满CLI的脚手架,TIN,或BiMix在所有时间点都没有降低SCAP的生存能力。载有CLI的支架抑制了Aa的生长,An,而Ef,而载有TIN的支架抑制了Fn的生长。载有BiMix的支架显着抑制Aa,An,Ef,和Fn直接接触,他们的等分试样通过间接接触抑制了An和Fn,具有对Ef的额外生物膜抑制。
结论:负载BiMix的SilkMA支架是细胞相容性的,并表现出对牙髓病原体的抗菌作用,表明它们作为再生牙髓的药物输送系统的治疗潜力。
BACKGROUND: Recognizing the necessity of novel disinfection strategies for improved bacterial control to ultimately favor tissue regeneration, this study developed and characterized antibiotics-laden silk fibroin methacrylated (SilkMA) scaffolds for regenerative endodontics.
METHODS: SilkMA-based solutions (10% w/v) containing Clindamycin (CLI) or Tinidazole (TIN) (0 - control; 5, 10, or 15% w/w) or the combination of both drugs (BiMix CLI/TIN 10%) were electrospun and photocrosslinked. Morphology and composition were assessed using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, swelling and degradation profiles were also determined. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in stem cells from apical papilla. Antibacterial efficacy was tested using direct and indirect contact assays against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/Aa, Actinomyces naeslundii/An, Enterococcus faecalis/Ef, and Fusobacterium nucleatum/Fn. E. faecalis biofilm inhibition on dentin discs was specifically evaluated for BiMix-laden scaffolds. Data were statistically analyzed with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy revealed that all scaffolds had similar characteristics, including fiber morphology and bead absence. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the incorporation of CLI and TIN into the fibers and in BiMix scaffolds. Antibiotic-laden scaffolds exhibited lower swelling capacity than the control and were degraded entirely after 45 days. Scaffolds laden with CLI, TIN, or BiMix throughout all time points did not reduce stem cells from apical papilla\'s viability. CLI-laden scaffolds inhibited the growth of Aa, An, and Ef, while TIN-laden scaffolds inhibited Fn growth. BiMix-laden scaffolds significantly inhibited Aa, An, Ef, and Fn in direct contact, and their aliquots inhibited An and Fn through indirect contact, with additional biofilm inhibition against Ef.
CONCLUSIONS: BiMix-laden SilkMA scaffolds are cytocompatible and exhibit antimicrobial effects against endodontic pathogens, indicating their therapeutic potential as a drug delivery system for regenerative endodontics.