背景:器官移植(Tx)的长期成功取决于移植受者自我管理症状的能力,治疗,生活方式的改变,和心理社会后果。健康行为(HB)决定因素包括人格特质,如乐观、自我效能感,和健康的控制源。
目的:评估器官移植受者的个人资源和期望与健康行为之间的关系。
方法:该研究于2018年1月4日至2019年10月30日在波兰的3个移植中心进行。研究组由243名肾脏Tx接受者组成,心,肝脏,还有肺.健康行为清单,多维健康控制源量表(MHLC),一般自我效能感量表,性格乐观量表,使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表收集数据。
结果:研究组有中等程度的倾向乐观(平均15)和高水平的自我效能(平均30.18)。MHLC量表主要是相信他人的影响以及对个人健康的内部控制。受访者的HB水平很高(平均92.09)。发现个人资源(自我效能感和乐观情绪)之间存在正相关关系,MHLC和HB。抑郁和焦虑的存在对个人资源以及健康控制和HB的内部心理产生了负面影响。Tx类型区分健康控制和HB的内部位点。HB的预测因素是倾向乐观,自我效能感,其他有健康控制源的人的影响,抑郁症的症状,移植以来的年龄和时间-解释了6.1%至14.5%的健康行为类别。
结论:为了改善器官接受者的健康习惯,建议加强他们的个人资源。必须形成坚持阳性HB的内部控制位点。
BACKGROUND: The long-term success of organ transplantation (Tx) depends on the transplant recipient\'s ability to self-manage symptoms, treatment, lifestyle changes, and psychosocial consequences. Health behavior (HB) determinants include personality traits such as
optimism, self-efficacy, and health locus of control.
OBJECTIVE: Assessing the relationship between personal resources and expectations and health behaviors of organ transplant recipients.
METHODS: The
study was conducted between 01/04/2018 and 30/10/2019 at 3 transplant centers in Poland. The
study group consisted of 243 Tx recipients of kidney, heart, liver, and lung. The Health Behavior Inventory, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC), General Self-Efficacy Scale, Dispositional Optimism Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to collect data.
RESULTS: The
study group had medium levels of dispositional
optimism (mean 15) and high levels of self-efficacy (mean 30.18). The MHLC scale was dominated by a belief in the influence of others and an internal locus of control over one\'s health. The respondents presented a high level of HB (mean 92.09). A positive relationship was found between personal resources (self-efficacy and optimism), MHLC and HB. The presence of depression and anxiety negatively affected personal resources and internal locus of health control and HB in terms of a positive mental attitude. Type of Tx differentiated internal locus of health control and HB. Predictors of HB were dispositional
optimism, self-efficacy, influence of others with health locus of control, symptoms of depression, age and time since transplantation-explaining between 6.1% and 14.5% of health behavior categories.
CONCLUSIONS: To improve health practices among organ recipients, strengthening their personal resources is recommended. It is necessary to form an internal locus of control for adherence to positive HB.