目的:系统评价现有的关于护士心理资本总体水平的文献。
背景:心理资本被描述为与护士心理健康相关的积极精神状态,护理质量和患者预后。
方法:使用PubMed进行了搜索,WebofScience,EMBASE,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Cochrane图书馆和中国数据库,包括中国国家知识基础设施(CNKI),中国生物医药(CBM),万方和威普数据库从数据库成立到2021年10月。随后,两名研究人员发现并回顾了文献,并评估了偏倚风险.进行了随机效应模型,以实现对心理资本规模的汇总估计。
结果:心理资本量表的合并平均得分为4.21(95%CI,4.07-4.35)。对于子维度,如希望,乐观,自我效能感和韧性,得分为4.12(95%CI,4.11-4.12),4.34(95%CI,4.34-4.34),4.50(95%CI,4.50-4.51)和4.34(95%CI,4.33-4.34),分别。亚组分析表明,在亚洲和重症监护病房执业的护士可能经历了较低的心理资本水平。此外,在样本量和发表年份的研究中发现显著差异.样本量大的研究报告了比样本量小的研究更高的心理资本。2014-2018年心理资本的合并均值得分高于2019-2021年。元回归进一步揭示,参与者的地理区域可能是异质性的来源,亚洲地区有32.23%的异质性研究,非洲地区占18.71%。
结论:这篇综述是首次综合已发表的研究并计算护士心理资本的汇总得分。这些结果表明,护士报告的心理资本处于中高水平,并且存在显著的异质性。
结论:管理者和政策制定者应专注于护士的心理资本,并在战术上将心理资本纳入护理职业培训计划。
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the available literature about overall levels of psychological capital among nurses.
BACKGROUND: Psychological capital is described as a positive mental state associated with nurses\' mental health, quality of care and patient outcomes.
METHODS: A search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Chinese Database, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biological Medical (CBM), WanFang and Weipu Database from the inception of the databases until October 2021. Subsequently, two researchers identified and reviewed the literature and assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects model was conducted to achieve pooled estimates of psychological capital scales.
RESULTS: The pooled mean score of the psychological capital scale was 4.21 (95% CI, 4.07-4.35). For subdimensions such as hope,
optimism, self-efficacy and resilience, the score was 4.12 (95% CI, 4.11-4.12), 4.34 (95% CI, 4.34-4.34), 4.50 (95% CI, 4.50-4.51) and 4.34 (95% CI, 4.33-4.34), respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated that nurses practising in Asia and intensive care units might have experienced lower psychological capital levels. In addition, significant differences were noted in studies with sample size and publication year. Studies with a large sample size reported a higher psychological capital than those with a small sample size. The pooled mean scores of psychological capital were higher in 2014-2018 than in 2019-2021. Meta-regression further revealed that geographic regions of participants might be a source of heterogeneity, and the Asian region had 32.23% of the heterogeneity between studies, and the African region had 18.71%.
CONCLUSIONS: This
review is the first to synthesize published research and calculate a pooled score of psychological capital in nurses. These findings indicated that nurses reported a medium-high level of psychological capital, and there was significant heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS: Administrators and policymakers should concentrate on nurses\' psychological capital and tactically integrate psychological capital into nursing vocational training programs.