背景和目标:COVID-19大流行导致日常生活发生了根本性和意想不到的变化,人们的心理生理健康受到影响似乎是合理的。这项研究调查了克罗地亚参与者样本中COVID-19相关知识与心理健康之间的关系。
方法:从2020年3月18日至3月23日进行了一项在线调查,共收集了1244名参与者的回答(85.5%为女性,58.4%完成了中学教育)。措施包括关于病毒生物学特征的八个问题,症状,和预防,医院焦虑和抑郁量表,乐观-悲观量表。根据对COVID-19相关知识问题的回答,参与者被分为两组:(1)知情和(2)对每个问题不知情.然后比较他们表达的焦虑水平,抑郁症,悲观,和乐观。Fullvs.估计了以乐观/悲观为中介的部分调解模型,以焦虑/抑郁与洗手和传播方式问题的回答准确性之间的关系。
结果:在洗手问题上回答正确的参与者焦虑程度更高,抑郁症,比那些答案不正确的参与者更悲观,而在出现严重呼吸问题的患者百分比问题上回答正确的参与者比回答错误的参与者的抑郁水平更高。在正确回答传播方式的参与者中观察到较低的焦虑和悲观情绪。在对抗生素效率的问题评分不正确的参与者中发现了更高水平的悲观情绪,最常见的症状,以及被无症状携带者感染的可能性。更高的焦虑和悲观情绪预测了更高的洗手知识水平。较低的焦虑水平和较低的悲观情绪可以预测到更高的传播方式知识水平。所检查的焦虑/抑郁与知识之间的关系是由悲观情绪介导的。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,有关COVID-19的知识可能有助于减轻焦虑和抑郁,但它必须针对促进健康行为和识别假新闻。
Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to radical and unexpected changes in everyday life, and it is plausible that people\'s psychophysical health has been affected. This study examined the relationship between COVID-19 related knowledge and mental health in a Croatian sample of participants.
METHODS: An online survey was conducted from March 18 until March 23, 2020, and a total of 1244 participant responses were collected (85.5% were women and 58.4% completed secondary education). Measures included eight questions regarding biological features of the virus, symptoms, and prevention, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and
Optimism-Pessimism Scale. According to the answers given on the questions on COVID-19 related knowledge, participants were divided in two groups: (1) informed and (2) uninformed on each question. They were then compared in the expressed levels of anxiety, depression, pessimism, and
optimism. Full vs. partial mediation models with
optimism/pessimism as a mediator in the relationship between anxiety/depression and the accuracy of responses for questions about handwashing and ways of transmission were estimated.
RESULTS: Participants who responded correctly on the question about handwashing had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and pessimism than those participants whose answer was incorrect, while participants who answered correctly on the question about the percentage of patients who develop serious breathing problems had higher levels of depression than those who answered incorrectly. Lower levels of anxiety and pessimism were observed in the participants who answered correctly about ways of transmission. Higher levels of pessimism were found in participants who scored incorrectly on questions about the efficiency of antibiotics, most common symptoms, and the possibility of being infected by asymptomatic carriers. Higher levels of knowledge about handwashing were predicted by higher levels of anxiety and pessimism. Higher levels of knowledge about ways of transmission were predicted by lower levels of anxiety and lower levels of pessimism. The examined relationships between anxiety/depression and knowledge were mediated by pessimism.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that knowledge about COVID-19 may be useful to reduce anxiety and depression, but it must be directed to the promotion of health behaviors and to the recognition of fake news.