背景:在全球范围内,人口正在迅速老龄化,由于最近死亡率的下降,和预期寿命的增加。到2020年,全球约有7.27亿人年龄≥65岁,到2050年,六分之一的人将≥65岁。2010年,加纳约有7%的人口超过60岁,预计到2050年将达到12%。然而,老年人面临着退化的状况,这些状况转化为行动困难。进行这项研究是为了调查加纳老年人的行动困难。
方法:该研究利用了2014/2015(第2波)全球老龄化和成人健康研究的横截面数据集,包括1,856名年龄≥50岁的参与者。应用调查命令来调整采样偏差和研究设计。在5%的α水平,采用卡方检验独立性,以确定因变量和自变量之间的关联.在95%的置信区间和5%的α水平下,采用三级多水平logistic回归模型.固定效应以比值比表示,随机效应使用类内相关性表示。所有分析均使用STATA统计软件16.0版进行。
结果:在1,856名参与者中,40.3%的人行动不便。此外,年龄(80岁及以上)[AOR=3.05,95CI=1.78-5.22],自我报告的不良/不良健康状况[AOR=2.39,95CI=1.35-4.23],执行家庭活动有严重/极端困难[AOR=25.12,95CI=11.49-44.91],经历了严重/极端的身体疼痛[AOR=4.56,95CI=2.16-9.64],严重/极端睡眠问题[AOR=4.15,95CI=1.68-10.29],视力/视力困难[AOR=1.56,95CI=1.16-2.10]的参与者行动不便的几率更高.
结论:加纳老年人的行动困难患病率相对较高(40.3%),受人口统计学影响,健康状况,和衰老相关的退化。这凸显了加纳为老年人提供社会支持和加强社会资本的必要性,尤其是那些视力有困难的人,经历身体疼痛,健康状况不佳。此外,政府和利益攸关方应提供老年人辅助设备和老年护理,包括娱乐场和护理院,以满足加纳老年人的健康和身体需求。
BACKGROUND: Globally, the population is rapidly ageing, stemming from a recent decline in mortality, and an increase in life expectancy. About 727 million people globally were aged ≥65 in 2020, and 1 in 6 people will be ≥65 years by 2050. About 7% of Ghana\'s population was over 60 years in 2010, and projected to be 12% by 2050. However, the aged are confronted with degenerative conditions that translate into difficulty with mobility. The study was conducted to investigate the difficulty with mobility among the aged in Ghana.
METHODS: The study utilised a cross-sectional dataset of the 2014/2015 (wave 2) Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health and included 1,856 participants aged ≥50 years. The survey command was applied to adjust for sampling biases and the design of the study. At 5% alpha level, a chi-square test of independence was conducted to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. At 95% confidence interval and 5% alpha level, three-level multilevel logistic regression models were performed. The fixed-effects were presented in odds ratio and the random effects were presented using the Intra-Class Correlation. All analysis were performed using STATA statistical software version 16.0.
RESULTS: Out of the 1,856 participants, 40.3% had difficulty with mobility. Additionally, age (80 and above) [AOR = 3.05, 95%CI = 1.78-5.22], self-reported poor/bad health status [AOR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.35-4.23], having severe/extreme difficulty performing household activities [AOR = 25.12, 95%CI = 11.49-44.91], experienced severe/extreme bodily pains [AOR = 4.56, 95%CI = 2.16-9.64], severe/extreme sleep problems [AOR = 4.15, 95%CI = 1.68-10.29], and participants with difficulty with sight/vision [AOR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.16-2.10] had higher odds of difficulty with mobility.
CONCLUSIONS: The aged in Ghana had relatively higher prevalence (40.3%) of difficulty with mobility which is influenced by demographics, health status, and degeneration associated with ageing. This highlights the need to provide social support and strengthen social capital for the aged in Ghana, especially those with difficulty with vision, experiencing bodily pains and had poor health status. Additionally, the Government and stakeholders should provide assistive devices for the aged and geriatric care including recreational fields and care homes to address the health and physical needs of the aged in Ghana.