目的:比较3种围手术期喂养方案对麻醉并发症的影响,粪便输出,健康马匹的绞痛比例。
方法:将45匹参加选择性矫形手术的马随机分配到3组中的1组:不禁食(NF;围手术期连续进入干草),全口禁食(FM;术前10小时快速,术后缓慢重新喂食,并放置枪口),或不戴枪口的禁食(FNM;与没有枪口放置的FM相同)。麻醉方案是标准化的。组间结果比较包括麻醉时间,动脉氧合,低血压的持续时间,围手术期粪便输出,术后第一次通过粪便的时间,疼痛评分,和绞痛比例。使用混合模型和Fisher精确检验进行比较,在P≤0.05时具有统计学意义。
结果:疼痛评分没有差异,氧合,低血压,或组间绞痛。与NF组(-39%和-22%;P<.001;重量和桩,分别)。NF组术后平均±SD分钟(238±13分钟)明显短于FM组(502±174分钟;P<.001)和FNM组(444±171分钟;P=.003)。
结论:在麻醉恢复之前和之后连续接触干草的马在手术后比禁食的马更快地通过了更多的粪肥,对麻醉参数和术后并发症没有不利影响。围手术期连续使用干草可支持健康马匹的粪便生产,而不会增加麻醉并发症。
OBJECTIVE: To compare 3 perioperative feeding regimens and their effect on anesthetic complications, manure output, and colic proportion in healthy horses.
METHODS: 45 horses presenting for elective orthopedic procedures were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: not fasted (NF; continuous access to hay perioperatively), fasted muzzled (FM; 10-hour preoperative fast with slow refeeding postoperatively and muzzle placement), or fasted not muzzled (FNM; same as FM without muzzle placement). Anesthetic protocol was standardized. Outcomes compared between groups included anesthesia time, arterial oxygenation, duration of hypotension, perioperative manure output, time to first passage of manure postoperatively, pain scores, and colic proportion. Comparisons were made with a mixed model and Fisher exact test with statistical significance considered at P ≤ .05.
RESULTS: No differences were seen in pain scores, oxygenation, hypotension, or colic between groups. Groups FM and FNM had a significantly greater mean reduction in postoperative manure weight (-81% and -70%; P = .003) and number of manure piles (-63% and -55%; P = .005) compared to group NF (-39% and -22%; P < .001; weight and piles, respectively). Mean ± SD minutes to passage of manure postoperatively was significantly shorter in group NF (238 ± 13 minutes) than groups FM (502 ± 174 minutes; P < .001) and FNM (444 ± 171 minutes; P = .003).
CONCLUSIONS: Horses with continuous access to hay prior to and following recovery from anesthesia passed more manure and passed manure sooner after surgery than their fasted counterparts without detrimental effect on anesthetic parameters and postoperative complications. Continuous access to hay perioperatively supports manure production in healthy horses without increase in anesthetic complications.