目的:吸烟影响感觉门控,根据事件相关电位P50评估,该电位是由听觉刺激引起的,被认为与精神分裂症(SCZ)的病理生理学有关。然而,很少有研究比较中国汉族人群中吸烟和不吸烟SCZ患者的感觉门控和认知表现。
方法:我们招募了两组中国受试者:128名男性慢性SCZ患者和76名男性健康对照,使用MATRICS共识认知电池(MCCB)测量认知,并使用P50EEG组件进行感觉门控。根据他们的吸烟状况,他们进一步分为4个亚组:吸烟的SCZ患者,非吸烟SCZ患者,吸烟健康控制,和非吸烟健康对照。我们使用阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)评估了患者的精神病理学症状。
结果:与健康对照组相比,SCZ患者的MCCB总分和所有10项测试的得分均较低(均p<0.05),而SCZ患者的S2振幅和P50比率较高(均p<0.05)。当比较吸烟和不吸烟的SCZ患者时,非吸烟者的空间跨度明显更好(p<0.05)。此外,吸烟患者的S1振幅与简视空间记忆测验(BVMT-R)呈负相关(p<0.05),非吸烟患者S1潜伏期与空间跨度呈负相关(p<0.01)。
结论:我们的发现表明,吸烟和不吸烟SCZ患者的感觉门控P50与认知之间的关系存在差异,提示尼古丁可以改善SCZ患者的认知和P50缺陷。
OBJECTIVE: Smoking affects sensory gating, as assessed by the event related potential P50, which is evoked by auditory stimuli and is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, few studies have compared sensory gating and cognitive performance between smoking and non-smoking SCZ patients in the Chinese Han population.
METHODS: We recruited two groups of Chinese subjects: 128 male chronic SCZ patients and 76 male healthy controls, measuring cognition with the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and sensory gating with the P50 EEG components. Based on their smoking status, they were further divided into 4 subgroups: smoking SCZ patients, non-smoking SCZ patients, smoking healthy controls, and non-smoking healthy controls. We assessed psychopathological symptoms of the patients using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, SCZ patients had lower MCCB total score and scores of all 10 tests (all p < 0.05), while SCZ patients had higher S2 amplitudes and P50 ratios (both p < 0.05). When comparing smoking versus non-smoking SCZ patients, non-smokers had significantly better spatial span (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the S1 amplitude was negatively correlated with the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT-R) in smoking patients (p < 0.05), while the S1 latency was negatively correlated with spatial span in non-smoking patients (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Our finding shows a difference in the relationship between sensory gated P50 and cognition in smoking and non-smoking SCZ patients, suggesting that nicotine may improve cognitive and P50 deficits in SCZ patients.